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Definition of CIM by the Computer and Automation Systems Association of the Society of manufacturing Engineers (CASA/SME):
CIM is the integration of the total manufacturing enterprise through the use of integrated systems and data communications coupled with new managerial philosophies that improve organizational and personnel efficiency.
What is CIM?
CIM is the integration of all enterprise operations and activities around a common corporate data repository. It is the use of integrated systems and data communications coupled with new managerial philosophies.
What is CIM?
CIM is not a product that can be purchased and installed. It is a way of thinking and solving problems.
CIM Objectives
Simplify production processes, product designs, and factory organization as a vital foundation to automation and integration Automate production processes and the business functions that support them with computers, machines, and robots Integrate all production and support processes using computer networks, cross-functional business software, and other information technologies
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Computer-Integrated Manufacturing
CIM Systems
Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) - automate the production process Manufacturing execution systems (MES) performance monitoring information systems for factory floor operations Process Control control ongoing physical processes Machine Control controls the actions of machines
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Information System
Information systems involve people, hardware, software, computer networks, and data used to manage daily and long-term operations.
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AGILE MANUFACTURING
Agility is the ability to grow and succeed in an environment of constant and unpredictable changes.
In recent years, the manufacturing paradigm has been changing from mass production to agile manufacturing.
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AGILE MANUFACTURING
Globalization of markets has put tremendous pressure on manufacturing enterprises to be competitive.
To cope with competitive pressures, a new paradigm in manufacturing known as AGILE MANUFACTURING is emerging.
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AGILE MANUFACTURING
The objective of agile manufacturing is to enable manufacturing enterprises to be competitive by dynamically reconfiguring software, equipment and organization structures.
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AGILE MANUFACTURING
The reasons of this trend change are: The strength of global competition is increasing; Mass markets are fragmenting to niche markets; Customers expect low volume, high quality; Short product life-cycles, development
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Communication Networks
A communication network is the backbone of an enterprise integration. Networks help to unify a company by linking together all the computerized devices irrespective of their physical location. Through networks the whole enterprise can be integrated, including suppliers and customers.
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Communication Networks
For example, sales and marketing can send customer requirements for new products to design engineering. A CAD generated bill of materials can then be transferred to material requirements planning(MRP) systems. Product design information can be transmitted to manufacturing for use in process planning.
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1947 Transistor invented 1951 Direct long-distance dialing 1960 First test of electronic switch 1963 Touch-tone service introduced 1970 Laser invented 1976 First digital electronic switch installed 1980 Divestiture of AT&T (Ma Bell and the baby bells) 1988 First transatlantic optical fiber cable 1989 First fiber-optic cable to the home field trial, Cerritos, CA 1990 Demonstration of 2000-km links using optical amplifiers without repeaters.
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SNA
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A communication network consists of a number components such as hardware, software and media.
A network architecture describes the components, the functions performed, and the interfaces between the components of a network. It encompasses hardware, software, standards, data link controls, topologies and protocols.
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Computer Networks
Computer network connects two or more autonomous computers.
can be located
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Applications of Networks
Resource Sharing Hardware (computing resources, disks, printers) Software (application software) Information Sharing Easy accessibility from anywhere (files, databases) Search Capability (WWW) Communication Email, Message broadcast
Remote computing
Distributed processing (GRID Computing)
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It defines the functions of, and interactions between, three types of components.
Network hardware components Communication software modules Application programs that use the networks
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The OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) Reference Model is an architecture that enables different vendors systems, such as DECNET, SNA, TCP/IP and SINEC, to communicate by using a common set of protocols.
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Layer Functionality
Departing airport
baggage (check) gates (load) runway takeoff airplane routing baggage (claim)
gates (unload)
runway landing airplane routing
airplane routing
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arriving airport
ticket (purchase)
ticket (complain)
Trk Telekom
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Metropolitan Area Networks (MANs) - MANs are large LANs that cover a large city or suburb. Used to interconnect LANs within a metropolitan area. A typical MAN operates at a speed of several Gigabit per second (mostly wired but new wireless technologies are becoming popular, e.g. wimax)
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Wide Area Networks (WANs) Use common carrier facilities over long distances and are used to connect sites and facilities over the countries . Usually the speed between the cities can vary from 1 to 100Gbps. In a WAN, the cost of transmission is very high, and the network is usually owned and operated by a public network (e.g. TTNET)
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US Backbone
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Global Area Networks (GAN) these are networks connections between countries around the globe. A GANs speed ranges from 1.5Mbps to 100Gbps and its reach is several thousands of kilometres.
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enterprise level Globally link various plants/sites and interconnect corporations through electronic data interchange
COMMUNICATION HIERARCHY
MANUFACTURING
Parallel with increasing needs for faster communications the needs of large data storage capacity and fast computers is increasing also. Now typical manufacturing environment, called also as CAD/CAM/CAE environment is composed of fast computers, centralized data storage units, CNC controlled machine centers, robots etc., all connected on the same network. On this networks either TCP/IP or specially designed manufacturing protocols like, MAP or TOP, are used.
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MANUFACTURING
MAP An initiative by General Motors of The United States has resulted in the selection of a set of protocols, all based on ISO standards, to achieve open system interconnection within an automated manufacturing plant.
The resulting protocols are knows as manufacturing automation protocols (MAPs).
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MANUFACTURING
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MANUFACTURING
TOP
In a similar way, an initiative by the Boeing Corporation (USA) has resulted in the selection of a set of ISO standards to achieve open system interconnection in a technical and office environment.
The selected protocols are known as technical and office protocols (TOPs).
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MANUFACTURING
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