2.

THE LANGUAGE OF MATHEMATICS

Around the world people of all ages speak math What can an early childhood educator do to enhance this process?

Children begin to acquire many language concepts Language of math is embedded (terpancang) in the development of many verbal communication skills

Young children enjoy listening & talking in natural setting Dramatic play is an important activity that encourages spontaneous conversation and roleplay about the adult world The lyrics of familiar songs and nursery rhymes give children the opportunity to repeat familiar words and phrases in a joyful way Picture books & stories focus on language learning interesting themes and pictures

Developing Math Language Using Song & Verse

Many traditional songs and nursery rhymes contain themes that encourage language learning in Math Example where is thumb kin? (Schiller & Moore 1993) provides a valuable resource for musical material.
Children learn naturally while enjoying a wonderful medium

Developing Math Language Using Song & Verse

Math Language Up and down Over the Mountain On the back of the crocodile Cool-hot Low-high

Traditional Songs Eensy Weensy Spider The Bear Went Over the Mountain The Crocodile Song

The Three Bears Twinkle, twinkle Little Star

Math Language and Older Children

Older children benefit from a clear understanding of wide variety of technical terms, symbols, and ways of describing procedures in order to help them appreciate the logic of math sentence A curriculum that helps children acquire this language will enable them to enjoy its beauty, pattern & versatility benefit everyday life

Math Concepts Found in the Early Childhood Curriculum

Teachers are often surprised to learn about these words Everyday word such as over & under are a part of the math curriculum Children with limited English proficiency need more example Using pantomime, pictures, models and manipulative.

1.Comparing words

The child gains confidence in observing differences in a variety of characteristics such as size, temperature or loudness A child may compare weight by holding two objects or using a pan scale to weigh them

1.Comparing words

Here is a list of common comparing words :

Big little Large-small Tall-short Toy animals, dolls, people, cars Beach balls & tennis ball People, trees, & house

Fast-Slow
Hot-Cold

Song rap or jazz, cars or truck

Food, drinks & weather

2. Positional Words

Help the child grasp (faham) many concepts about space that will be important in later learning

Play in block corner, they have many opportunities to use these words When stack object (objek bertimbun), they can talk about the one on top, the one in the middle & one on the bottom.

2. Positional Words

Most difficult words in the positional group refer to the concept of left and right Some teacher have trouble with these two concepts and rely on crutches (bergantung pd 1 keadaan) such as looking at a ring finger to find out which direction is Example Look at a bird at the tree! Where? On the left! You may have trouble with right and left orientation

2. Positional Words

Example :

Playing with a doll or a parking garage

Stacking objects

In, out, outside, apart, over, Top, bottom, under middle, together Dishes and the placement food on the table Your cup is on the right Right-left

3. Directional Words

Involve movement Children can perform actions either in the form of musical game or gym activity Examples : Using musical activity or using cars & trucks (Forward, up, toward, around, to the right, backward, down, away from)

4. Sequence Words

Very important Develop a sense of order, which will help the child later when more complex problems are found in our number systems Examples : Making a line of zoo animals where each animal is totally difference from its neighbor : (First, beginning, before, in front of, ahead of, middle, next to, last, end, after)

5. The Language of Time

Piaget acquisition (kemahiran) of this concept begins in ECE, but it is not until approximately age 9 that children can really grasp time concepts

They start to acquire the concepts of morning, afternoon, and night

Childrens time exist in the present Something is in the past, may quickly forgotten unless it was very exciting or very traumatic event

5. The Language of Time

In 1st grade, children learn to tell time using the clock They begin to learn calendar time, includes the day of the week, the names of the months and the concept of a year Actual number or date difficult to remember unless it is a special date such as ones birthday

5. The Language of Time

Example :
General Time Words Morning, night, early, afternoon, tonight, noon, tomorrow, evening, day, late Clock Words Long hand, hour, watch, seconds, short hand, minutes, alarm clock Calendar Words Days of week, tomorrow, name of the season, holidays, vacation, yesterday, date

6. Shape Words

The babys bed has sides. The ball is round... These informal ways of using shape words help child describe everyday object Example : Find & talk about shape in the environment (round, sides, corners, flat, box, carton, circle, square, triangle, tube, stairs, room)

7. Number Words

Group of words describe our number system Children learn to compare quantity and to recognize relationships such as more or less Example : Andy has more raisins than I do

7. Number Words

Examples Talking about quantity at snack time, in the block center (more, less, the same, many, fewer, greater than, less then)

7. Number Words
Children learn to count, 1, 2, 3 By the middle of 1st grade most can count up to 100 1.Counting numbers start with 1,2,3,4,5 2.Whole numbers- include zero, 0,1,2,3,4,5 3.Cardinal numbers names the total in a set. We match the items in a set to the counting numbers * * * *

1 2 3 4 the cardinal numbers is 4 4.Ordinal number gives each a position such as 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th

7. The Symbols of Math

1.
2. 3.

4.

Math does not use the ABCs to communicate These symbols are commonly described in four categories Symbols for ideas (1,2,3,X,Y) Symbols for relations (=,=,<,>) Symbols for operations (=, -, x, ) Symbols for punctuation ( decimal point, comma, brackets)

The Number Sentence

A number sentence is written horizontally using the various symbols Examples : Ciko has 12 apples. He gave 1 apple to Bengo. How many apples does Ciko have left? Math Sentence 12 1 = ?

Gerenti Beres!!