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Production / Manufacturing Planning and control

Introduction
Manufacturing planning comprises planning, routing and scheduling function while mfg. control comprises of Dispatching, follow up and inspection function Planning and control are two basic and interrelated managerial functions Planning is a pre-operation and control is a post-operation function

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Planning involves setting up standards, controlling is done by comparing the actual performance with preset standards and deviations are found and analyzed

Production/Manufacturing planning
It is a management decision about utilization of firms resources to produce desired goods at appropriate time and at least possible cost Objectives:

To estimate the resources the firm requires and to estimate when and where these resources will be required To make all necessary arrangements so that production targets are reached

Planning procedure

Demand forecast Specification of production requirements Setting of production rate Planning the control process

Components/functions of prod. planning


Pre-planning Routing Scheduling

Pre-planning
Overall planning about production for getting best results Functions:

Investigation about complete details and requirements of product to be manufactured Designing the product to be manufactured Planning about quantity of material which are to be consumed Planning about standard of quality product Planning about capacity of equipment Planning about internal transportation

Routing

It is deciding about sequence of operation to produce the product. It is the selection of path which each part of the product will follow Routing is determination of most advantageous and cheapest sequence of operation

Scheduling

Scheduling determines the program for the operation In scheduling starting and finishing time of each operation is decided. Thus scheduling is defined as the fixation of time and date for each operation

Types of schedule
(1) Master Schedule: It shows the date on which production is to be completed. It is a weekly or monthly breakup of production requirement (2) Shop Schedule: After preparing master schedule shop schedule is prepared. It shows how much a shop has to produce a particular product and on which day

manufacturing control

Manufacturing planning set the production targets while mfg. control keeps a watchful eye on production flow and use of resources Control is a facilitating service to manufacturing. It directs and checks the progress of work and closes the record on completion of work or order

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Objective: To implement production plans by issuing necessary order to persons To ensure that resources which are required for implementation of plans are provided properly or not To see that persons are carrying out operations as prescribed in planning

Components/ functions of mfg. control


Dispatching Follow-up/ Expediting Inspection

Dispatching

It is concerned with starting the processes. It gives necessary authority to start a particular work which has already been planned under routing and scheduling

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Functions: Required material is moved from store to machine after dispatching orders Authorizes to take work in hand as per schedule To distribute machine loads, schedule chart, route sheets etc. To issue inspection orders To order tool section for issuing proper tools, jigs and fixtures. Forms used in dispatching are work orders, time cards, inspection tickets, move tickets, tool and equipment tickets

Follow-up/ Expediting

After dispatching the order it is necessary to regulate the progress of job through various processes. The function of follow-up section is to report daily the progress of work in prescribed Performa and to investigate causes of deviation from planned performance

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Functions: Material should reach to shops in required time To see the job progress To see final product is according to norms To see any kind of delay in any section

Inspection
It is carried out to confirm that quality is of predetermined standard During inspection defective parts are rejected so that only products of good quality should reach to customers To reduce rejection inspection is done at various stages of production also Tools and machines are also inspected

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