Education process is a systematic, sequential, planned course of action consisting of two major interdependent operations; Teaching and Learning.

TEACHING - is a deliberate intervention that involves the planning and implementation of instructional activities and experiences to meet intended learner outcomes according to a teaching plan.

Instruction is a component of teaching that involves the communicating of information about a specific skill in the cognitive, psychomotor, or affective domain
Teaching & Instruction is: Formal Structured Organized activities Produces learning

Learning - is defined as a change in behaviour (knowledge, skills, attitudes) that can occur at any time or in any place as a result of exposure to environmental stimuli.
Patient Education is a process of assisting people to learn health related behaviours (knowledge, skills, attitudes, values) so that they can incorporate those behaviours into everyday life.

Staff Education is a process of influencing the behavior of nurses by producing changes in their skills, attitudes, knowledge, and values

Mid- 1800s nursing was recognized as unique discipline. Teaching has been recognized as an important health care initiative assumed by the nurses.
Early 1900 public health nurses in the US began to understood the importance of education in the prevention of disease and maintenance of health

1918 NLNE (National League for Nursing Education) observed the importance of health teaching as a function within the scope of nursing practice.
1950 NLNE identified the course content dealing with teaching skills, developmental and educational psychology, and principles of educational process of teaching and learning as areas in the curriculum common to all nursing schools.

Today state nurse practice acts (NPAs) universally include teaching within the scope of nursing practice.
Nurse Educators role evolved from: Disease-oriented approach to Preventionoriented approach Wise healer to expert advisor/teacher to facilitator of change.

 Growth of managed care, shifts in payer

coverage, & reimbursement issues for provision of health care

Health providers are beginning to recognize

the economic and social values in practicing preventive medicine through health education.

 Political emphasis is on productivity,

competitiveness in the marketplace, and costcontainment measures to restrain health services expenses. education.

The focus of nursing practice is now on patient

Consumers are demanding increased knowledge

and skills about how to care for themselves and how to prevent disease.

 Demographic trends are requiring an

emphasis to be placed on self-reliance and maintenance of a healthy status over an extended lifespan.
Causes of morbidity and mortality are now

recognized as lifestyle-related and preventable through educational intervention.

 Increase in the incidence of chronic and

incurable conditions leads the people to become informed participants to manage their own illnesses.
Advanced technology Earlier hospital discharge Increased number of self-help groups

Research must be conducted on the benefits of patient education as it relates to:

Potential of increasing the quality of life
Leading a disability-free life Decreasing the costs of healthcare; and

Managing independently at home through

anticipatory teaching approach.

Research must be conducted on the benefits of teaching methods & tools using the ff.:
Computer-assisted instruction
Distance learning Video and audiotapes for home use

Internet access to health education

Research must be conducted to examine the effects of the factors below that may interfere with the teaching-learning process:
Environmental stimuli Readiness to learn Learning style Learners motivation Learners compliance & comprehension The ability to apply knowledge and skills once

they are acquired.

AUTONOMY VERACITY NONMALIFEASANCE CONFIDENTIALITY BENEFICENCE JUSTICE

The patients right to adequate information regarding his or her physical condition, medications, risks, and access to information regarding alternative treatments is specifically spelled out in the Patients bill

of Rights

Health teaching should be properly documented in the patients record.

Unfortunately, this is probably the most undocumented skill because nurses do not recognize the scope and depth of the teaching they do.