The Endocrine System

The Endocrine System: Glandular activities of the system

ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
is made up of glands that produce and secrete hormones. These hormones regulate the bodys growth, metabolism, and sexual development and function. HORMONES Directly released on the bloodstream because they have no ducts or structured passageways to the organs that they serve.

Endocrine Glands

Endocrine Glands
Secrete special messengers known as hormones that are directly released into bloodstream because they have no ducts.

Pituitary Glands
Has been called the master gland, influences growth, metabolism and regeneration Oxytocin Influence the contraction of the uterus during childbirth and the reflexive reaction of milk from the mammary glands.

Vasopressin
Regulates the amount of water in the body cells and thus directly controls blood pressure

Anterior pituitary hormones

include control of timings and amount of body growth Too little can lead to condition called DWARFISM Over secretion can produce GIANTISM

Giantism

Dwarfism

He Pingping and Svetlana Pankratova

He Pingping stands precisely 2 feet 5.37 inches tall. Pankratova's legs are nearly 52 inches long.

Adrenal glands
Located just above the kidneys Important in neural functioning and in the ability to cope with stress The inner core of the adrenal gland secretes EPINEPHRINE also called ADRENALIN and NOREPINEPHRINE (NORADRENALIN)

Thyroid Gland
Located in the neck in front of the windpipe and weighs less than ounce Hormone produced by this gland is IODINE, THYROXIN Hypothyroidism The result of underactivity of the thyroid gland, which characterized by laziness and dullness on the part of the organism When this occurs in infancy the condition is known as CRETINISM

GOITER
The swelling of the thyroid gland brought about by the glands overworking, hence the inability to secrete enough hormones

Parathyroid Glands
These are two small pea-shaped glands close to the thyroid glands Hormones called PARATHORMONE

PARATHORMONE
Regulates utilization of calcium and phosphorous in the body Undersecretion of this hormone results in condition known as tetany

Pancreas
Located near the stomach secretes two hormones which control the level of blood sugar or glucose in the bloodstream Glucogon Releases glucose into the bloodstream from the glycogen stored in the liver Insulin Enables glucose to move out of the blood into the cells of muscles and tissues

Gonads
The sex or puberty glands which produce the sperm and egg cells for reproduction TESTES testosterone Stimulates development and maintenance of male secondary sexual characteristics and behavior OVARIES estrogen and progesterone ESTROGEN stimulates development and maintenance of female secondary sex characteristics and behavior

PROGESTERONE
Stimulates female secondary sex characteristics and behavior and maintains pregnancy

ASIDE FROM GIGANTISM AND CRETINISM, CAN YOU NAME OTHER ENDOCRINE-RELATED DISORDERS?

Give at least 2 from each gland