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Chapter 5.2

EVAPORATION OF WATER

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WHAT IS EVAPORATION?

What is evaporation? Evaporation is a process by which liquid changes into water vapor. At the surface of the water at the temperature below 100 C How evaporation occur? The change in state occurs at :the surface of the liquid the temperature below boiling point (.100C)of the

liquid

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FACTORS EFFECTING THE RATE OF EVAPORATION

The factors that effecting the rate of evaporation are :1. Humidity 2. Temperature of surrounding 3. Surface area 4. Movement of air

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1. HUMIDITY

When the humidity of surrounding is high, the rate of evaporation will be lower In the experiment, the water in petri dish A will evaporate faster than the water in the petri dish B. The anhydrous calcium chloride absorbs all the water vapour creating drier air.

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2. SURFACE AREA

When the exposed surface area of water is larger, the rate of evaporation will be higher. The water in the petri dish A will evaporate faster than the water in the test tube B.

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3.MOVEMENT OF AIR

Evaporation will be faster when the air moves faster In the experiment, the water in the petri dish A evaporates faster than the water in the petri dish B.

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4. TEMPERATURE OF SURROUNDING

When the temperature of the surrounding is higher, the rate of evaporation will be higher. In the experiment, the water in the petri dish A will evaporate faster than the water in the petri dish B.

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Which water evaporates faster?

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Evaporation
Liquid

Boiling

changes to Liquid changes to gas (water vapour or gas (water vapour or steam) steam) Absorbs heat Absorbs heat

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Evaporation
Happens

Boiling
Happens only at the boiling point of liquid
Happens

at any temperature
Happens

at the liquid

throughout

surface the liquid Happens at a slow rate Happens at a fast rate

No

bubbles are formed

Air

bubbles seen

Absorbs

heat from the surroundings when water turns into gas

Requires

heat supplied by a source such as a lighted Bunsen burner

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Drying clothes

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Cooling the body

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Drying hair

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Drying fish and prawns

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Drying agricultural products

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Producing common salt