Letter number sequencing

Presented to Ms. Omama Tariq Presented By Madiha Yasin Roll no. 34 M.SC III (M)

Letter number sequencing

Letter number sequencing a supplemental working memory subtest, A series of orally presented letters and numbers that are presented in a mixed-up order. The examinee must reorder and repeat the list by saying the numbers first in ascending order and then the letters in alphabetical order. Untimed test

Supplementary test

Test items
E.G

1.F-7-L 2.R-4D 3.H-I-8

1.T-9-A-3 2.V-1-J-5 3.7-N-4-L

1.8-D-6-G-1 2.K-2-C-7-S 3.5-P-3-Y-9

purpose
It measure Auditory short term memory Sequencing ability Concentration and attention Mental flexibility Speed of mental processing Age range= 16 to 69 years

origin
Developed by James Gold and his Colleagues

Firstly, introduced in WAIS III

items
WAIS III
7 set of items each consist of three trials. Maximum score = 21

WAIS IV
Contain 10 instead of 7 items, with all new number letter combinations. Two demonstration and two sample items added. Sample item have one trial, sample item b has two trial and the test item have three trials. Maximum score = 30

Administration
Read the items orally. Read the digits and letters singly and distinctly, at the rate of one number or letter per second.

Administration
STARTING CONSIDERATIONS

Test begin with item 1 All individuals ages 16 to 69 years start with demonstration item, followed by sample item and then item 1. Even if the individual fails the sample items, continue with the subtest.
DISCONTINUE CONSIDERATIONS

Discontinue the subtest when the individual obtains scores of 0 on all three trials of an item.

scoring
Do not count the sample items in the final score. All trials are scored 0, 1, 2, 3. Give 0 point if the if he does not give the response with in approximately 30 seconds. For each test items, give 1 point when the individual correctly re-sequences the letters and numbers, regardless of whether the letters or numbers are stated first.

Types of errors
Omission errors: leaving one number or letter out of the correct sequence. Commission errors: adding one or more numbers or letters to the correct sequence. Preservation error: repeating one or more numbers or letters. Sequential errors: giving the correct number and letters but in the wrong sequence. Sequence reversal errors: giving the correct numbers and letters but reversing two or more of them. Auditory discrimination errors: saying the letter D or the digit 3 instead of T.

Interpretation
High scores on letter number sequencing indicate
Good auditory sequential processing Effectively auditory short term memory Good attention and concentration Good encoding ability Good rehearsal strategies Good ability to self monitor

 Low score indicate Poor short term auditory memory Poor auditory sequential processing Poor attention and concentration Poor encoding ability Poor rehearsal strategies Poor ability to self monitor

SCORING GUIDELINES ACCORDING TO WISC 4

For each trial, score 1 point if the child recalls all the numbers and letters in their correct sequence, even if the child recalls the letter before the numbers. Score 0 point for incorrect items. If standardized prompts are given on specific trials of item 1, 4, or 5 and the child subsequently corrects his or her previous answer, do not award credit. Record a P on the record form for any prompt given.

 The WISC-IV administration and scoring manual marks with an asterisk those trials that should be prompted. The following prompts should be used: Item 1 (trial 1): remember to say the numbers first, in order. Than say the letters in alphabetical order. Lets try another one. Item 4 (trial 2): remember to say the letters in order Item 5 (trial): remember to say the numbers in order. A maximum of 30 raw scores points may be obtained.

References
Sattler, J. M. & Ryan, J. J. (2009). Assessment with the WAIS- IV. Sattler publishing, Inc. Groth-marnat, G. (2009). Handbook of psychological assessment. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Kaplan, R.M., & Saccuzzo, D.P. (2001). Psychological testing: Principles, Application and Issues. USA: Wadsworth, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Flanagan, D.P. & Kaufman, A.S. (2009). Essentials of WISC-IV assessment. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.