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Who is Maslow?
Member of the Chicago dynasty of
psychologists and sociologists Published theory of human motivation in 1943 Known as a humanistic psychologist
Humanists focus upon potentials
pushed and pulled by mechanical forces, either of stimuli and reinforcements (behaviorism) or of unconscious instinctual impulses (psychoanalysis). 2. Humanist focus upon potentials. 3. They believe that humans strive for an upper level of capabilities. 4. Humans seek the frontiers of creativity, the highest reaches of consciousness and wisdom.
needs. Consists of oxygen, food, water, constant body temperature. Physiological are the strongest needs
physical and emotional harm Adults have little awareness for safety needs except in times of emergency
overcome feelings of loneliness and alienation. Involves giving and receiving love affection and a sense of belonging
gets from others Humans need self-respect and respect of others When these needs are satisfied person feels self-confident and valuable When not met people feel inferior, weak, helpless, and worthless
Needs to Achieve Self-Actualization Cognitive to know, to understand, to explore Aesthetic-to find symmetry, order and beauty
Self actualization characteristics Problem focused Incorporate an ongoing freshness of appreciation of life Concerned about personal growth Ability to have peak experiences
personality types followed this hierarchy Suggested that flow through the heirarchy can occur at any level at any time and many times simultaneously.
Maslow states in his book, Motivation and Personality, 1954, concerning Self Actualization
must paint, a poet must write, if he is to be ultimately at peace with himself. What a man can be, he must be.
actualization of playing music, but eventually becomes tired and hungry so he or she has to stop.
several levels.
Example:
longer motivates.
Example: A hungry man may be desperate for food,
but once he eats a good meal, the promise of food no longer motivates him.
Educational Implications
Teach people to be authentic
life We must accept the person and help them find their inner self We must see that basic needs are satisfied We should refreshen consciousness
Educational Implications
Teach people that controls are good,
complete abandon is bad Teach people to transcend the trifling problems and tackle the serious problems of life Teach people to make good choices