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Outline
Update on transport and trade facilitation Trade flows in GMS Corridor development: Role of trade
Progress in CBTA ratification: Myanmar 15 annexes and protocols; Thailand 14. Remaining in process Countries also looking at related national regulations, e.g. transport, customs
GMS Customs Transit System (CTS) Little commercial activity. Transshipment still dominant; (A-A publication)
Trade along corridors: growing, but limited use of CBTA and associated TTF measures Several reasons: unviable routes, inadequate integration of transport, structural problems in CTS design, guarantee costs. But deeper reasons exist
150
100
Billions, US$
Billions, US$
GMS5 3.5 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.4 4.9 5.4 5.3 5.9 6.4
GMS 4.3 4.4 4.7 4.8 4.8 5.0 5.1 5.4 5.6 6.1
1% and 99%
96% of the GMS trade is with countries outside the GMS subregion. Maritime transport dominates these trade links with rest of the world Intra-GMS trade: data limitations, but maritime dominated; 90% of THA-VIE maritime Even if total intra-GMS trade is 80% maritime and 20% land-based,. . only about 1% of total GMS trade by value is comprised of land-based trade amongst themselves
Even smaller fraction (of 1%) linked to CBTA
Source: Isono, I., S. Kumagai, and F. Kimura. 2012. Agglomeration and Dispersion in China and ASEAN: A Geographical Simulation Analysis. ERIA Discussion Paper Series No. DP-2012-02.
Transport services : different stages of development. Unequal benefits a regional transport service market
Road transport role in trade mainly complementary, but Corridors can contribute to domestic connectivity and internal trade: e.g., regional tourism, rural labor, trade in services and goods Trade can transform transport into economic corridors: LB CBT may not, but internal trade can Need to balance external (maritime) trade with internal (road based) trade/domestic connectivity; and link the two
Thank You