To explain the concept of the dc motor To explain the significance of the back emf To derive the equations for

or the torque developed inside the dc motor To differentiate the types of DC Motor To explain clearly the motor efficiency and power stages

An Electric motor is a machine which converts electric energy into mechanical energy. Its action is based on the principle that when a current-carrying conductor is placed in a magnetic field, it experiences a mechanical force.

Let = flux/pole in weber Z = total number of armature conductors P = No. of generator poles a = No. of parallel paths in armature N = armature rotation in revolutions per minute (r.p.m.) Eb = back emf or counter emf Eb = ZPN / 60a volts if is in weber Eb = (ZPN / 60a) x 10-8 volts if is in maxwells/lines

1. A four-pole motor, having lap-wound armature winding has 70 slots, each slot containing 10 conductors. What will be the back voltage generated in the machine when driven at 1500 rpm assuming the flux per pole to be 15.0 mWb ? 2. An 8-pole d.c. motor has 800 armature conductors, and a useful flux of 0.09 Wb per pole. What will be the counter e.m.f. generated if it is wave-connected and runs at 1800 rpm ? What must be the speed at which it is to be driven produce the same e.m.f. if it is lapwound? 3. A 4-pole d.c. motor runs at 950 r.p.m. and generates an counter e.m.f. of 240 V. The armature is lap-wound and has 792 conductors. Calculte the flux per pole.

The armature coils and the shunt field coils are connected in parallel Note: Unless otherwise specified, the flux is assumed to be constant

The armature coils and the shunt field coils are connected in series. Note: The flux is directly proportional to the armature current

Long Shunt Compound Dc Motor The series field coils are connected in series with the armature coils while the shunt field coils are connected across the series combination

The series field coils are connected in series with the supply voltage while the shunt field coils and the armature are connected in parallel.

Electical Power Input = VI

Electrical power Develop in Armature = E bIa

Mechanical Power output

Copper Losses

Iron & Mechanical Losses

1. A 100V shunt motor is taking 220A. Armature resistance is 0.015, the shunt field is 20, calculate the back emf. 2. A 220V series motor is taking a current of 40A. Resistance of the armature is 0.5 and the resistance of the series is 0.25. Calculate Back emf. 3. A d.c. motor connected to a 460-V supply has an armature resistance of 0.15 . Calculate (a) The value of back e.m.f. when the armature current is 120 A. (b) The value of armature current when the back e.m.f. is 447.4 V.

4. A shunt motor is taking 40A at 100V. Armature resistance is 0.015 and the shunt field resistance is 50. The stray power losses amount to 700W. What is the Hp output? 5. A 230V, long shunt machine has the following parameters: RA=2, RF=460, and RS=0.25. When the machine is run at no-load at its normal speed and rated voltage, the armature draws 0.6A. Determine the armature current drawn if the machine delivers an output of 5Hp. 6. A shunt motor is taking 40A at 100V. Armature resistance is 0.015 and the shunt field resistance is 50. The stray power losses amount to 700W. What is the Hp output?

1.

Mechanical Efficiency m = (Po / Pg) x 100% Electrical Efficiency e = (Pg / Pi) x 100%

2.

3. Commercial or Over-all Efficiency o = (Po / Pi) x 100% = m x e

1. A 200V shunt motor is taking 30A. Armature resistance 0.2 and the shunt field resistance is 100. The stray power losses is 500watts. Calculate the Hp and the commercial efficiency? 2. A 220V, 10Hp dc shunt motor has RA=0.25 and RF=100. If the full load efficiency is 83%, determine the value of the starting resistance in order that the starting current will not exceed 200% of the full load value. 3. A 100V shunt motor is developing 6Hp while operating at an overall efficiency of 86%. The armature and shunt field resistances are 0.06 and 50 respectively. Determine the SPL.

4. A 500 V d.c. shunt motor takes a current of 5 A on noload. The resistances of the armature and field circuit are 0.22 ohm and 250 ohm respectively. Find the efficiency when loaded and taking a current of 100 A. 5. On no-load, a shunt motor takes 5 A at 250 V, the resistances of the field and armature circuits are 250 and 0.1 respectively. Calculate the output power and efficiency of the motor when the total supply current is 81 A at the same supply voltage. 6. Calculate the shaft power of a series motor having the following data; overall efficiency 83.5%, speed 550 r.p.m. when taking 65 A; motor resistance 0.2 , flux per pole 25 mWb, armature winding lap with 1200 conductor.