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Length:
63 minutes
Released:
May 27, 2018
Format:
Podcast episode
Description
Children and Mental Health
Instructors: Dr. Dawn-Elise Snipes, Ph.D
Course Objectives
• To recognize normal developmental stages in children and signs of problems in development.
• To list risk factors that negatively affect children’s mental health.
• To describe and identify symptoms of childhood mental health disorders.
• To name community-based prevention/treatment resources and identify major services offered by these organizations.
• To gain knowledge of treating children’s mental health problems.
Beginning Notes…
• Children are not “little adults.” They have their own unique development and needs.
• The definition of mental disorders in children might be best expressed something different than normal developmental expectations for the child.
• Estimates for the prevalence of mental disorders in children range from 5% (“severe”) to 21% (“minimum”).
• Research indicates that half of all lifetime cases of mental illness begin by age 14.
• Additional training ensure increased availability for early intervention in preschools, schools, juvenile justice and medical offices.
Normal Development
• Theories of Development
• Erikson’s Psychosocial Stages
• Trust vs. mistrust
• Autonomy vs. shame
• Initiative vs. guilt
• Industry vs. inferiority
• Piaget’s Cognitive Development
• Bandura’s Social Learning Theory
• Kohlberg’s Moral Development
• Obedience
• Instrumental purpose
• Conformity
• Individual rights
Developmental Psychopathology
• Understanding Multiple Sources
• Specific characteristics of the child (including biological, psychological, and genetic factors)
• His or her environment (including parent, sibling, and family relations, peer and neighborhood factors, school and community factors, and the larger social-cultural context) (Brofenbrenner’s Ecological Systems Theory)
• Understanding Adaptability
• “self-righting” and “self-organizing” tendencies; namely, that a child within a given context naturally adapts (as much as possible) to a particular ecological niche, or when necessary, modifies that niche to get needs met
• i.e. psychopathology may be the result of survival adaptations to a pathological environment.
Developmental Psychopathology
• Understanding Timing
• Is the behavior appropriate at this age?
• Understanding Context
• The same behavior in one setting or culture might be acceptable and even “normative,” whereas it may be seen as pathological in another.
• For this child at this time
• Understanding degree
• Of impairment in comparison to others in the same age group
Risk Factors for Psychopathology
• Biological
• Genetics
• Substance exposure
• Low birth weight
• Prematurity
• Psychosocial
• Domestic violence
• Abuse
• Substance misuse
• Household mental illness
• Bullying
• Parental Depression
• Stressful Life Events
• Parent separation
• Parent incarceration
• Parent abandonment
• Childhood Maltreatment
• Peer and Sibling Influences
Adverse Childhood Experiences
• Almost two-thirds of surveyed adults report at least one ACE, and more than 20% reported three or more ACEs.
• The ACE score, a total sum of the different categories of ACEs reported by participants, is used to assess cumulative childhood stress.
• There is a graded dose-response relationship between ACEs and negative health and well-being outcomes across the life course.
• As the number of ACEs increases so does the risk for the following:
• Heart attack and heart disease
• Mental distress, depression
• Smoking
• Disability
• Unemployment
• Lowered educational attainment
• Stroke
• Diabetes
A
Instructors: Dr. Dawn-Elise Snipes, Ph.D
Course Objectives
• To recognize normal developmental stages in children and signs of problems in development.
• To list risk factors that negatively affect children’s mental health.
• To describe and identify symptoms of childhood mental health disorders.
• To name community-based prevention/treatment resources and identify major services offered by these organizations.
• To gain knowledge of treating children’s mental health problems.
Beginning Notes…
• Children are not “little adults.” They have their own unique development and needs.
• The definition of mental disorders in children might be best expressed something different than normal developmental expectations for the child.
• Estimates for the prevalence of mental disorders in children range from 5% (“severe”) to 21% (“minimum”).
• Research indicates that half of all lifetime cases of mental illness begin by age 14.
• Additional training ensure increased availability for early intervention in preschools, schools, juvenile justice and medical offices.
Normal Development
• Theories of Development
• Erikson’s Psychosocial Stages
• Trust vs. mistrust
• Autonomy vs. shame
• Initiative vs. guilt
• Industry vs. inferiority
• Piaget’s Cognitive Development
• Bandura’s Social Learning Theory
• Kohlberg’s Moral Development
• Obedience
• Instrumental purpose
• Conformity
• Individual rights
Developmental Psychopathology
• Understanding Multiple Sources
• Specific characteristics of the child (including biological, psychological, and genetic factors)
• His or her environment (including parent, sibling, and family relations, peer and neighborhood factors, school and community factors, and the larger social-cultural context) (Brofenbrenner’s Ecological Systems Theory)
• Understanding Adaptability
• “self-righting” and “self-organizing” tendencies; namely, that a child within a given context naturally adapts (as much as possible) to a particular ecological niche, or when necessary, modifies that niche to get needs met
• i.e. psychopathology may be the result of survival adaptations to a pathological environment.
Developmental Psychopathology
• Understanding Timing
• Is the behavior appropriate at this age?
• Understanding Context
• The same behavior in one setting or culture might be acceptable and even “normative,” whereas it may be seen as pathological in another.
• For this child at this time
• Understanding degree
• Of impairment in comparison to others in the same age group
Risk Factors for Psychopathology
• Biological
• Genetics
• Substance exposure
• Low birth weight
• Prematurity
• Psychosocial
• Domestic violence
• Abuse
• Substance misuse
• Household mental illness
• Bullying
• Parental Depression
• Stressful Life Events
• Parent separation
• Parent incarceration
• Parent abandonment
• Childhood Maltreatment
• Peer and Sibling Influences
Adverse Childhood Experiences
• Almost two-thirds of surveyed adults report at least one ACE, and more than 20% reported three or more ACEs.
• The ACE score, a total sum of the different categories of ACEs reported by participants, is used to assess cumulative childhood stress.
• There is a graded dose-response relationship between ACEs and negative health and well-being outcomes across the life course.
• As the number of ACEs increases so does the risk for the following:
• Heart attack and heart disease
• Mental distress, depression
• Smoking
• Disability
• Unemployment
• Lowered educational attainment
• Stroke
• Diabetes
A
Released:
May 27, 2018
Format:
Podcast episode
Titles in the series (100)
031- Using a Strengths-Based Biopsychosocial Approach to Addressing Addictions and Personality Disorders: The behaviors of someone in active addiction are very similar to those of a person with a personality disorder. Both people developed these behaviors as a way to survive. Treatment involves understanding the function of the behaviors, identifying alter by Counselor Toolbox Podcast with DocSnipes