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FJB^QCU QCD

Eulmaldi Vklm

Y

jlmc Hustus Mlceli gby jbvc kvcrtjrkwd tjc jugus tjckry (tjc tjckry tjbt pmbdts ict tjclr fbrekd `rkg sklm rbtjcr tjbd `rkg btgkspjcrlf FK₅) ld tjc gla-dldctccdtj fcdtury, bppbrcdtmy lt dccas kvcrtjrkwldi bibld. Qjc lssuc ls tjc stbelmlty k` jugus. Akcs lt rcbmmy mbst `kr acfbacs tk fcdturlcs ld sklm; Qjls jbs lgpmlfbtlkds `kr sfjcgcs tk stkrc fbrekd ld sklm tk occp lt kut k` tjc btgkspjcrc.Ucmbtca tk tjc qucstlkd k` tjc stbelmlty k` jugus brc qucstlkds bekut jkw jugus ls `krgca. Ak glfrkecs sydtjcslzc lt; L` dkt, tjcd wjbt fbuscs jugus tk `krg ld sklm; Yjbt fbuscs lt tk ercbo akwd; Yjbt tjc jcfo ls jugus bdywby;

Yjbt Ls Jugus;

Jugus jbs eccd acfldca bs tjc ldskmuemc pkrtlkd k` sklm fbrekd. L` yku sfkkp up skgc rlfj ibracd sklm bda sjboc lt ld b hbr k` wbtcr, b`tcr bmm tjc pbrtlfu-mbtcs scttmc kut yku wlmm flda skgc bgkudt k` erkwd tldt tk tjc wbtcr. Qjbt ls tjc wbtcr-skmuemc `rbftlkd k` sklm fbrekd tjbt ls rcbalmy bvblmbemc `kr glfrkecs tk usc ld tjclr gctbekmlsg. Vkgc k` tjc scttmca stu﬎ ls fmcbrmy tjc pbrtlbmmy acfkgpksca rcgblds k` pmbdts. Qjbt ls pbrtlfumbtc kribdlf fbrekd. Qjcd tjcrc ls b `rbftlkd tjbt akcs dkt mkko mloc pmbdt pbrts udacr b glfrksfkpc, eut fbd ec alsskmvca ld bd bmobmldc skmutlkd bda tjcd prcflpltbtca kut wltj bd bfla. Qjbt ls fbmmca juglf bfla. Yjbt ls mc`t ldskmuemc b`tcr tjbt prkfcss ls fbmmca jugld. Vlglmbr oldas k` fbrekd fbd ec cxtrbftca `rkg mckdbraltc, wjlfj ls gldca `rkg acpkslts k` wcbtjcrca, kxlalzca sk`t fkbm. Qjls ls tjc skurfc k` gkst k` tjc fkggcrflbm prkaufts fbmmca juglf bfla kr jugbtc‑b sbmt k` juglf bfla. Qjls wbs odkwd cvcd ebfo ld Mlceli“s tlgc wjcd fjcglsts ala cxtrbftlkds wltj wbtcr, skalug jyarkxlac, bda bmfkjkm tk fjbrbftcrlzc tjc al﬎crcdt `rbftlkds k` sklm fbrekd. Acspltc tjc fjcglfbm gbdlpumbtlkds, birkdkglsts fkuma dkt pld lt akwd prcflscmy. Vklm sflcdtlsts brc stlmm briuldi bekut lt tkaby.

Qjc Elkfjbr Jbdaekko

231

Qjc ibudtmct wbs tjrkwd akwd ld b 􀀾󐀲󰀳 pbpcr ey mcbaldi elkfjbr rcscbrfjcr Hkjbddcs Mcjgbdd bda jls fk-butjkr Gbrous Omcecr ld b pbpcr tltmca ”Qjc Fkdtcdtlkus Dbturc k` Vklm Kribdlf Gbttcr.‗¼ Qjcy sby8Elkmkilfbm, pjyslfbm bda fjcglfbm trbds`krgbtlkd prkfcsscs fkdvcrt acba pmbdt gbtcrlbm ldtk kribdlf prkaufts tjbt brc bemc tk `krg ldtlgbtc bsskflbtlkds wltj sklm gldcrbms, gboldi lt alﬆfumt tk stuay tjc dbturc k` sklm kribdlf gbttcr. Cbrmy rcscbrfj ebsca kd bd cxtrbftlkd gctjka bssugca tjbt b ”juglflfbtlkd‗ prkfcss frcbtcs rcfbmfltrbdt (rcslstbdt tk acfkgpksltlkd) bda mbric ”juglf suestbdfcs‗ tk gboc up tjc gbhkrlty k` sklm ”jugus.‗Qjbt tjckry ls wrkdi, tjcy sby, ecfbusc wjbt wc odkw bs jugus ls slgpmy b fkdtlduug k` prkircsslvcmy acfkgpksldi kribdlf fkgpkudas. Qjcy fkdtcda tjbt tjc pkmygcr-mloc, fkgpmcx gbfrkgkmcfumcs k` jugus brc bftubmmy brtl`bfts k` tjc bmobmldc cxtrbftlkd prkfcss tjbt jbs fkdacdsca gbdy sgbmmcr, cbslmy acirbabemc `rbigcdts k` acba glfrkecs bda tjclr gctbekmltcs ldtk tjc juglf bflas. Ld rcbmlty, ld tjc mlvldi sklm, tjc jugus pkrtlkd ls b alvcrsc fkmmcftlkd k` kribdlf gkmcfumcs tjbt brc k`tcd cbslmy acirbabemc, bda tjc kdmy rcbskd tjcy cxlst bt bmm ls ecfbusc tjcy brc prktcftca `rkg tjc rbvbics k` judiry glfrkecs ey scvcrbm alstldft gcfjbdlsgs8

Vgbmm, mbelmc gkmcfumcs

brc ekuda tk gctbms bda fmbys ld sklm biircibtcs.

Mbric, rcfbmfltrbdt gkmcfumcs

mloc mlidld brc gkst cbslmy acirbabemc bt tjc cbrmy stbics k` fkgpkstldi wjcd tjcrc brc pmcdty k` sgbmm, kribdlf gkmcfumcs bvblmbemc tk glfrkecs bs b skurfc k` cdcriy tk jcmp tjcg bttbfo tjc fjcglfbm ekdas. Mbtcr kd, wjcd tjc cbsy, `bst `kka ls usca up, tjc glfrkecs akd“t jbvc tjc pkwcr tk fjcw tjrkuij mlidld bda ktjcr tkuij gkmcfumcs.

^jyslfbm fkdaltlkds

ldfmualdi tcgpcrbturc, kxyicd, gklsturc, bda pJ fbd spcca up kr smkw akwd glfrkelbm acfkgpksltlkd.Vklm ls b tjrcc-algcdslkdbm cdvlrkdgcdt bda hust icttldi glfrkecs ld fkdtbft wltj tjc `kka tjcy mloc ls dkt trlvlbm. Glfrkecs jbvc mlgltca gkelmlty ld tjc sklm cfksystcg bda gust bvkla ecldi cbtcd ey wkrgs bda ktjcr glfrk`budb, jkpldi tk flda tjbt rlfj fbfjc k` fbrekjyarbtcs jlaacd ecjlda b rkfo kr tufoca ldtk b fmby eca. Qjcy hust fbddkt ict tk lt bmm, bda tjcd tjcy rud kut k` cdcriy bda jbvc tk stby put kd b elkflmg bda jkpc tjbt b dcw ﬅusj k` rkkt cxuabtc kr alsskmvca fbrekd flmtcrs akwd tk tjcg. Qjcy brc stufo ld sklm biircibtcs bda fkmmklas, bda bs gkrc al﬎crcdt spcflcs plmc kd, fkgpctltlkd fkgpmlfbtcs tjldis.Lt“s mloc tjc Vcrcdictl ^mbld akwd tjcrc ld b jcbmtjy sklm, wltj tccgldi jcras k` mlvldi elkgbss. Eut ldstcba k` slttldi ld kur Mbda Ukvcr wltj b tcmcpjktk

Eulmaldi Vklm

233

mcds, bmm wc fbd ak ls sfkkp up b wjkmc vbmmcy, put lt tjrkuij b emcdacr, bda try tk cxtrbft al﬎crcdt skmutlkds kut k` lt. Qruc, wc fbd ak gkrc dkw tjbd fkudt tjc cmcgcdts‑wc fbd bdbmyzc icdcs bda cdzygcs tk ict bd lacb k` tjc spcflcs bda wjbt tjcy brc cbtldi‑eut wc stlmm fbd“t occp wbtfj brkuda tjc wbtcr jkmc tk udacrstbda tjc suetmctlcs k` tjc ldtcrbftlkds.Ld b mbtcr pbpcr, Mcjgbdd bda fkbutjkrs cxpbda kd tjc rkmc k` elkmki-lfbm alvcrslty bs b gbhkr `bftkr ld prktcftldi sklm fbrekd `rkg acirbacrs bda fkdsugcrs.µ Qjc gkrc alvcrsc tjc frkps bda cfksystcgs bekvcirkuda, tjc gkrc alvcrsc brc tjc kribdlf gkmcfumcs ld tjc sklm. Cvcry typc k` gkmcfumc dccas b spcflflf cdzygc tk ercbo lt akwd sk glfrkecs fbd fkdsugc lt. Cdzygcs tboc cdcriy tk prkaufc. Ld jlijmy alvcrsc systcgs, tjcrc wlmm ec gbdy gkmcfumcs tjbt brc dkt fkdsugca `kr mbfo k` cdcriy. Ld b elkmkilfbmmy alvcrsc cfksystcg mloc b dbturbm `krcst, irbssmbda, kr wctmbda, fbrekd bffugumbtcs, frcbtldi tjc rlfj, embfo, vlrild sklms tjbt wc ibvc tjc dbgc ”jugus.‗ Yjbtcvcr lt ls, wc odkw wc dcca jugus ld sklm. Cvcd Hustus Mlceli fkdfcaca tjbt jugus wbs dccaca tk jcmp jkma kd tk tjc skmuemc fjcglfbm dutrlcdts jc usca tk `cca pmbdts, mcst tjcy wbsj bwby ld tjc rbld. Jugus ls cmcftrkdcibtlvc, mloc elkfjbr, ilvldi lt jlij fbtlkd cxfjbdic fbpbflty. Jugus jbs stbyldi pkwcr bda lt eulmas sklm bda occps lt jcbmtjy bda gklst. Yc rcbmmy fbddkt ak wltjkut lt, eut ldaustrlbm birlfumturc jbs eccd acstrkyldi jugus dkdstkp sldfc Mlceli“s aby. Bs alsfussca ld fjbptcr 󐀲, Mlceli ala dkt `krcscc tjls. Jc ala dkt udacrstbda tjbt prkvlaldi brtlflflbm dltrkicd tk sklm wkuma fbusc glfrkecs tk ercbo ldtk tjc jugus stkrcs ld sklm bda fkdsugc tjcg `kr tjclr fbrekd, mcbvldi us wltj wcbo, arlca-kut, fkgpbftca, alscbsc-prkdc sklms.Vkgc sflcdtlsts wkuma mloc us tk bebdakd tjc tcrg ”jugus‗ ld `bvkr k` tjc ”sklm fkdtlduug gkacm,‗ eut L tjldo tjbt wkuma ec b glstboc. @lrst k` bmm, dkt cvcrykdc birccs wltj bmm k` tjclr fkdfmuslkds.¶ Bda wjlmc lt“s ircbt `kr rcscbrfj-crs tk frcbtc spcflbmlzca tcrgs tjbt jcmp tjcg gboc dcfcssbry alstldftlkds, `kr tjksc wjk brc wkroldi tjc sklm, wc fbd fkdtlduc tk usc tjc tcrg jugus tk acsfrlec tjc cdtlrc rbdic k` sklm kribdlf fbrekd.L bmsk wbdt tk rctbld ”jugus‗ `kr fumturbm rcbskds. Qjc wkra fkgcs `rkg tjc Ircco

fjkgb

, gcbdldi irkuda. Yc brc jugbds,

Jkgk sbplcds

, `rkg tjc sbgc rkkt wkra. Bs jugbds, wc brc dktjldi wltjkut jugus. Yc wlmm ec gufj ecttcr k﬎ l` wc fbd jugemy bfodkwmcaic kur uttcr acpcdacdfc kd jcbmtjy sklm, bda tjbt jugus ls frltlfbmmy mldoca tk sklm juglalty. Kd bvcrbic, cvcry ldfrcbsc k` 󐀲 pcrfcdt ld sklm kribdlf gbttcr jkmas bd baaltlkdbm 󰀰,􀀾􀀾􀀾 ibmmkds k` wbtcr pcr bfrc. Yjcd lt fkgcs rlijt akwd tk lt, jugus ls gkrc vbmubemc tjbd ikma. Yc gkacrds mbfo tjc juglmlty tk rcfkidlzc tjbt wc bmm fkgc `rkg tjc irkuda, bda tjc pkwcr k` Dbturc ls ircbtcr tjbd wc fbd cvcr ùmmy udacrstbda. Kur brrkibdfc ls qultc mltcrbmmy olmmldi us, bda tjbt ls juglmlbtldi. Yc dcca bd bttltuac bahustgcdt bs wc `bfc tjc ùturc bda bmm lts prkemcgs. Yc wlmm ec KO