BASIC SETUP AND TUNNING OF MICROWAVE BENCH AIM: To study basic setup and tuning of Microwave Bench.

APPARATUS REQUIRED: Tunable short/Movable Short Reflex Klystron on Mount Klystron Power Supply Variable Attenuator Directional Coupler Tunable detector Tunable Probe SWR meter Slotted Section Frequency meter

BLOCK DIAGRAM:

SWR METER

KLYSTRON POWER SUPPLY

TUNABLE DETECTOR

TUNABLE PROBE

TUNABLE SHORT

KLYSTRON TUBE ON MOUNT

VARIABLE ATTENUATOR

WAVE METER/ FREQUENCY METER

DIRECTIONAL COUPLER

SLOTTED SECTION

TUNABLE SHORT

PROCEDURE: 1. Connect the Klystron tube with the power supply. 2. Place Klystron tube on mount and connect all other components according to the block diagram with the help of connecting screws. Connect at the end matched load or tunable load. 3. Keep the Control Knobs of Klystron power supply as below. Mod Switch Beam Voltage Knob Reflector Voltage AM-Amplitude Knob AM - Frequency : : : : : AM Fully Anticlockwise Fully Clockwise Fully Clockwise Around Mid Position

4. Keep the control knobs of VSWR meter as below. Range dB Input Switch Meter Switch Gain (Coarse and Fine) : : : : 50 dB Low Imprdance Normal Position Mid Position

5. Switch on the main power supply and keep select switch on Cathode Volatge.Make sure Klystron Power Supply shows -275 V Cathode Voltage to Klystron Tube. 6. Observe that the Beam Current of 25mA. 7. Now select Repeller Voltage Position and vary the Repeller voltage Knob and observe that SWR meter indicated Full Scale Reading. 8. Now vary scale of VSWR meter from 60 dB to around 40 dB and see that meter shows maximum readings which are lower than full scale reading. 9. Now Vary the movable or tunable short at either ends and see that some more readings are possible or not. If first reading decreasing by moving movable short than keep it in the original position.

10. Repeat the same procedure for tunable detector and check if further more power is possible or not. 11. Observe for the tunable attenuator, if knob is varied, power will decrease and SWR reading will decrease and vice versa. 12. Measure output power from port 3 of directional coupler. If is is removed than reading will decrease. 13. Now vary the movable part of the tunable detector and see that on SWR meter we get series of maxima and minima. We measure the position in cm. 14. Observe the power dip in the frequency meter. 15. Observe a no. of maxima and minima on the SWR meter by sliding the slotted section.

CAUTION: 1. Make sure that cooling fan is available to cool Reflex Klystron tube because it gets heated during normal operation, which can damage the tube itself. 2. All the components should be aligned in proper plane and horizontal direction so that additional power loss does not occur. 3. In Frequency meter measure its positive or negative errors. During measurement take care to count these errors. 4. Dont touch Klystron tube directly to turn its screw through 180o, use plier for it.