foreshadowed the end of large-scale

Emilio F.

armed resistance to American rule.

Manuel L. Quezon
(Born- August 19, 1878, died- August 1, 1944) First President of the Commonwealth (Term: November 15, 1935- August 1, 1944) The first Filipino president of the Commonwealth of the Philippines under American rule. He was president of the Philippines from 1935 to 1944. For advocating The president of the first Philippine republic (1899). He started as a member of the Magdalo Chapter of the Katipunan in Cavite, then was elected president of the revolutionary government at the Tejeros Convention on March 22,1897, and, later, Biak-na-Bato Republic. He proclaimed Philippine independence at Kawit on June 12, 1898. His capture Filipino-language amendments to the 1935 Constitution, he is known as the "Father of the National Language." Quezon fought for passage of the Tydings McDuffie Act (1934) which provided for full independence for the Philippines ten years after the creation of a constitution and the establishment of a commonwealth government that would be the forerunner of an independence republic. Tackled the huge problem of landless peasants in the

Aguinaldo
(Born- March 22, 1869, diedFebruary 6, 1964) President of the First Philippine Republic (Term: 1898- 1901)

countryside who still worked as tenants on large estates, promote the settlement and development of the large southern island of Mindanao, and fought graft and corruption in the government. A new national capital, later known as Quezon City, was build in the suburb of Manila.

Occupation (1943 - 1945) overshadowed his achievements as legislator, jurist, writer, and administrator in the pre-war struggle for independence. As an elected senator and later delegate to the Constitutional Convention, he distinguished himself for his advocacy of womens suffrage and his sponsorship of the Bill of Rights of the Constitution. He also became an associate justice of the Supreme Court When World War II broke out, he was instructed by Quezon to stay in Manila and deal with the Japanese to soften the blow of enemy occupation. As president, he defended Filipino interests and resisted Japanese efforts to draft Filipinos into the Japanese military service. Upon return of the American forces, Laurel was imprisoned in Japan when Douglas Macarthur occupied that country He was returned to the Philippines to face charges of treason, but these were dropped when President Roxas issued an amnesty proclamation. In the Third Republic, he was elected senator and negotiated the LaurelLangley Agreement.

Jose P. Laurel
(BornMarch 9, 1891, diedNovember 6, 1959) President of the Japanese Sponsored Republic (Term: October 14, 1943- August 15, 1945) President of the Second Republic from 1943 to 1945. He was elected by the National Assembly as President of the Republic on September 25, 1943 and inducted on October 14, 1943. This unicameral assembly was created through the sponsorship of the Japanese authorities. Laurels controversial Presidency during the Japanese

elected as representative of Cebu

Sergio S. Osmea
(BornSeptember 9, 1878, diedOctober 19, 1961) Second president of the Commonwealth (Term: August 1, 1944- May 27, 1946) The first Filipino national leader under the American regime as speaker of the Philippine assembly and the second president of the Philippines (1944-1946). He was elected Vice President of the Philippines in 1935 and succeeded Quezon to the Presidency in-exile. Osmena was a notable figure in the struggle for independence. A lawyer, he espoused the cause of independence through peaceful means as editor of the Cebu newspaper El Nuevo Dia (New Day), which he founded in 1900. He served as fiscal of Cebu and Negros Oriental. He was appointed governor of Cebu in 1904 and elected to the same post in 1906. In 1907, he was

and later became speaker of the first Philippine Assembly. In 1922, he was elected as senator. He headed important government missions to the U. S. Osmena returned to the Philippines on October 20, 1944, together with Gen. Douglas MacArthur. In February 1945, he took the reins of government.

Manuel A. Roxas
(BornJanuary 1, 1892, diedApril 15, 1948) Last President of the Commonwealth (Term: May 28, 1946July 4, 1946) First President of the 3rd Republic of the Philippines (Term: July 4, 1946- April 15, 1948)

He was popularly known as the First President of the Third Republic. He won the elections by a slim margin. He was inaugurated on July 4, 1946, the day the U.S. government granted political independence to its colony. Roxas was born in Capiz (now Roxas City), studied law at UP and graduated with honors in 1913. He topped the Bar examinations in the same year, was employed as private secretary to Chief Justice Cayetano Arellano, and taught law in 19151916. His political career started when he was appointed as a member of the Capiz municipal council. In 1919, he was elected as governor of Capiz. He was elected as congressman in 1922, and in 1935, he was chosen as a delegate to the Constitutional Convention. He was elected as a senator in 1941 and eventually became Senate president. The short-lived Roxas administration (1946 - 1948) embarked on a course that resulted in what were considered as his greatest achievements, namely: the ratification of the Bell Trade Act; the inclusion of the Parity Amendment in the Constitution; and the signing of the 1947 Military Bases Agreement. Roxas was not able to complete his presidential term; he

died from a heart attack at Clark Air base on April 15, 1948.

Elpidio R. Quirino
(Born- November 16, 1890, diedFebruary 28, 1956) Second President, Third Republic of the Philippines (Term: April 17, 1948- November 10, 1953) Quirino's six years as president were marked by notable postwar reconstruction, general economic gains, and increased economic aid from the United States. Basic social problems, however, particularly in the rural areas, remained unsolved; Quirino's administration was tainted by widespread graft and corruption. The 1949 election, which he had won, were among the most dishonest in the country's history. Magsaysay, who had been largely successful in eliminating the threat of the Huk insurgents, broke with Quirino on the issue of corruption, campaigning for clean elections and defeating Quirino as the Nacionalista candidate in the presidential election of 1953. And also the Quirino administration (1948

- 1953) focused on two objectives: 1) to regain faith and confidence in the government; and 2) to restore peace and order. He was more successful in the second objective breaking the back of the Hukbalahap Movement in Central Luzon. In addition, he was credited with sponsoring the growth of industrial ventures, expanding irrigation, improving the road system, and setting up the Central Bank and rural banking. It was also during his term that the RP-US Mutual Defense Treaty was approved on August 30, 1951.

(Term: December 30, 1953- March 17, 1957) Ramon Magsaysay as president, he was a close friend and supporter of the United States and a vocal spokesman against communism during the Cold War. He led the foundation of the Southeast Asia Treaty Organization also known as the Manila Pact of 1954, that aimed to defeat communist-Marxist movements in South East Asia, South Asia and the Southwestern Pacific. During his term, he made Malacang Palace literally a "house of the people", opening its gates to

Ramon F.

the public. But also Magsaysay was unable to pass effective land reform legislation; government indifference to the plight of the peasants then undid most of his good work in gaining the support of the people against the Huks. Neverthless, he remained extremely popular and had

Magsaysay
(Born- August 31, 1907, died- March 17, 1957) Third President of the Third Republic of the Philippines

a well deserve reputation for incorruptibility.

He was largely famous for his success in the peace campaign. Popularly known as the guy, He was instrumental in having the U.S. Congress pass the G.I. Bill of Rights, which accorded benefits to the Filipino war veterans. But his national prominence resulted from being appointed defense secretary in the Quirino

providing greater protection to tenants.

Carlos P. Garcia
(Born- November 4, 1896, died- June 14, 1971) Fourth President of the Third Republic of the Philippines (Term: March 18, 1957- December 30, 1961 Carlos Carcia acted on the BohlenSerrano Agreement which shortened the lease of the US Bases from 99 years to 25 years and made it renewable after every five years. He also exercised the Filipino First Policy, for which he was known. This policy heavily favored Filipino businessmen over foreign investors. He was also

administration, successfully fighting the Huks, and for being the friend of the common tao. Many regard Magsaysay as the President whose heart truly bled for the common man. He toured the barrios, opened up Malacanang to the public, solicited and acted upon their complaints, built artesian wells and roads. He had Congress pass the Agricultural Tenancy Act of 1954,

responsible for changes in retail trade which greatly affected the Chinese businessmen in the country. He also made a program focused on thriftiness.

administration (1961 - 1965) is best remembered for resetting the date of the celebration of Philippine Independence Day from July 4 when the U.S. turned over the reins of government in 1946 to the more correct date of June 12 when Aguinaldo declared independence in

Diosdado P. Macapagal
(Born- September 28, 1910) Fifth President of the Third Republic of the Philippines (Term: December 30, 1961December 30, 1965) Filipino reformist president of the Republic of the Philippines. Best known as the "Champion of the Common Man."Diosdado Macapagal was also known by his nickname "The Incorruptible"." As for his place in history, that is not only assured, but will grow in time as appreciation becomes universal for the Land Reform Code he instituted; the return to Free Enterprise.Macapagals

1898. This single act overshadowed the other distinguishing features of his administration, namely: the promotion of the stability of the Philippine currency; the initiation of a socioeconomic program aimed at the betterment of the poor; efforts to combat misdeeds in government, and the launching of his version of agrarian reform.

Ferdinand E. Marcos
(Born- September 11, 1917, DiedSeptember 28, 1989) Sixth President of the Third Republic of the Philippines (Term: December 30, 1965- February 25, 1986) Ferdinand Marcos was a good president gone bad and that he was a man of rare gifts - a brilliant lawyer, a shrewd politician and keen

legal analyst with a ruthless streak and a flair for leadership. Having been in power for more than 20 years, Marcos also had the very rare opportunity to lead the Philippines toward prosperity, with massive infrastructure he put in place as well as an economy on the rise. However, he put these talents to work by building a regime that he apparently intended to perpetuate as a dynasty. A former aide of Marcos said that "Nobody will ever know what a remarkable president he could have made. That's the saddest part". Among the many documents he left behind in the Palace, after he fled in 1986, was one appointing his wife as his successor.

Seventh and First Woman President of the Republic of the Philippines (Term: February 25, 1986- June 30, 1992)

Corazon Aquino spearheaded the enactment of a new Philippine Constitution and several significant legal reforms, including a new agrarian reform law. While her allies maintained a majority in both houses of Congress, she faced considerable opposition from communist insurgency and right-wing soldiers who instituted several coup attempts against her government. Her government also dealt with several major natural disasters that struck the Philippines, as well as a severe power crisis that hampered the

Corazon C. Aquino
(BornJanuary 25, 1933, DiedAugust 1, 2009)

Philippine economy.

Fidel V. Ramos
(BornMarch 18, 1928) 8th President of the

Republic of the Philippines (Term- June 30, 1992-June 30, 1998)

commission's request for amnesty to rebel military officers of the Reform the Armed forces Movement (RAM), led by Col. Gregorio (Gringo)

Fidel Ramos, a military general himself, made peace with the rebel panels. One of the contributions was his, being instrumental in the signing of the final peace agreement between the government and the Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF) led by Nur Misuari in 1996. He also ordered the resumption of peace negotiations with the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) led by Salamat Hashim and the Communist Party of the PhilippinesNational Democratic Front, which operates the New People's Army, led by Jose Maria Sison. Ramos created the National Unification Commission and appointed Haydee Yorac as its chairman. He granted the

Honasan, who led the 1989 coup d' etat that threatened to oust the Aquino administration.

Joseph

Ejercito Estrada
(Born- April 19, 1937) 9th President of the Third Republic of the Philippines (Term- June 30, 1998-January 20, 2001)

Joseph Estrada was the President for the "masa" (the poor and undereducated masses). People were looking for a leadership they could relate to. Estrada's financial backers designed a campaign strategy that reflected Estrada's pro-poor image that he had built up throughout his movie career. Central in the campaign was Estrada's campaign slogan "Erap para sa

Mahirap" (Erap for the poor) that succeeded in inspiring the masses with the hope that Estrada would be the president of and for the masses. Estrada's running mate, Edgardo Angara, was defeated by Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo. During the campaign, Estrada's political rivals tried but failed to discredit him while publicizing his womanizing, drinking and gambling. Estrada was inaugurated on June 30, 1998 in the historical town of Malolos in Bulacan province.

quarter of 2008. This is higher than previous recent presidents when compared to the 3.8% average of Aquino, the 3.7% average of Ramos, and the 2.8% average of Joseph Estrada. The Philippine economy grew at its fastest pace in three decades in 2007, with real GDP growth exceeding 7%. Inflation during the Arroyo presidency has been the lowest since 1986, averaging 2.5%.

Gloria Macapagal Arroyo

(Born- April 5, 1947) Tenth President of the Republic of the Philippines (Term- January 20, 2001- June 30, 2010)

Her accomplishments: OUTSTANDING LEGISLATOR Garnered the biggest number of votes in Philippine history (1995 elections) -- an unparalleled 16 million. Another record that was set is the margin of votes between the first and second placer, which is approximately 3.2 million. This record still stands in the senate. Filed over 400 Senate Bills and Resolutions Authored or co-authored 55 bills signed into law of socio-economic legislation. These laws constituted the core of the economic program of

Gloria Arroyo, a practicing economist, has made the economy the focus of her presidency. Economic growth in terms of gross domestic product has averaged 5.0% during the Arroyo presidency from 2001 up to the first

President Fidel Ramos -- laws that have brought our country to the status of Asia's next tiger. Ranked No. 1 in a public opinion survey of performance and awareness among incumbent Senators Cited by Asia Week as one of Asia's most powerful women Selected Woman of the Year by the Catholic Education Association of the Philippines

RA 1490, Investment Houses Act (Passed on third reading) RA 7661, Extending the Life of the Asset Privatization Trust RA 7903, Creating the Zamboanga Special Economic Zone SBN 345, Promoting the Development of Interisland Shipping SBN 358, Development of Micro and Cottage Industries FOR WOMEN EMPOWERMENT

FOR A BETTER BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT RA 7844, The Export Development Act RA 7718, The Amended BuildOperate-Transfer Law RA 7843, Strengthening the AntiDumping Provisions RA 8179, Further liberalizing Foreign Investments RA 7721, Liberalizing banking in the Philippines RA 7651, Revitalizing and strengthening the Bureau of Customs RA 7916, Creating the Philippine Economic Zone Authority RA 7640, Constituting the Legislative-Executive Development Council FOR SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT RA 7882, Providing assistance to women engaging in micro and cottage business enterprises Women's desk to provide assistance to battered wives and other victims of domestic violence RA 7877, Declaring sexual harassment unlawful in the employment, education or training environment and for other purposes SBN 356, Increasing penalties for wife-beating SBN 362, Mandatory employment of women Establishment of the Movement Against Sexual Abuse (MASA)

 OCW desk to provide assistance to OCWs and their families RA 7833, Excluding the 13th Month Pay and Other Benefits from the Computation of Taxable Income RA 7654, Allocating a Portion of the Incremental Revenue Collected for the Emergency Employment Program RA 7637, Creating the Mt. Pinatubo Assistance, Resettlement and Development Commission RA 7657, Appropriating 10 Billion Pesos for the victims of Mt. Pinatubo Eruption RA 7906, Regulation of the Organization and Operations of Thrift Banks RA 8182, Excluding the Official Development Assistance (ODA) from Foreign Debt Limit in order to facilitate the absorption and optimize the utilization of ODA resources RA 7820, Creating the Partido Development Administration in Bicol region SBN 1176, Establishing Computer Literacy Program in all public schools at the secondary level SBN 1175, Instituting a Public School Teachers Scholarship Program SBN 1728, Ancestral Domain Bill

SBN 1044, Institutionalizing a National Strategy for Poverty Alleviation SBN 336, Magna Carta for the Urban Poor FOR AGRICULTURE & THE ENVIRONMENT RA 7900, Promoting the production, processing, marketing and distribution of high-value crops RA 8175. Amending the Charter of the Philippine Crop Insurance Corporation in order to make more stable and beneficial to farmers and the national economy RA 7942, Instituting a new system of mineral resources exploration, development, utilization and conservation Co-host, "Dighay Bayan" TV program catering to farmers Pres. Macapagal Awards for best rice farm cooperative SBN 1282, Food Security Buffer Stock Bill SBN 2046, Amending the Sugar Restitution Law RA 7638, Creating the Department of Energy

Benigno Simeon

given name, Simeon, as his middle initial, as Manuel L. Quezon and Jose P. Laurel. He is one of the younger elected presidents after Emilio Aguinaldo (29 years old when elected), Ramon Magsaysay (46 years old when elected) and Ferdinand Marcos (48 years old when elected).

"Noynoy" Cojuangco Aquino III

(Born- February 8, 1960) 11th President of the Republic of the Philippines (Term- June 30, 2010- )

He is the third president who only holds office but does not reside in Malacaang Palace, following Corazon Aquino and Fidel V. Ramos. He is the first president to make Bahay Pangarap his official residence. He is the first elected president who

On May 10, 2010, Aquino won the Presidential elections. He took his oath of office on June 30, 2010.Some of the laws that he immediately signed were the banning of the use of siren or "wangwang" in the streets for no serious reason, and the voiding of "midnight appointments" in government positions. He also established the "Truth Commission" to investigate graft and corruption, and abuses of the government of Pres. Gloria Arroyo.Aquino is the third president to use his second

does not have a wife and children.

References:
http://wiki.answers.com/Q/Who_are_t he_Filipino_Presidents_and_their_achie vements#ixzz1zorPsUJN The Presidents, Republic of the Philippines by Rheno A. Velasco. 1996. National Book Store 20092011. http://www.charleskeng.com/presiden t.htm

http://tagaloglang.com/ThePhilippines/History/filipinopresidents-biography-andaccomplishments.html