1.

Ft Mose- 1738 Fort Mose became the first settlement in north america

for free Africans 2. Dred Scott-This was the first time in American history where a slave sued for his freedom and the case went all the way to the Supreme Court 3. Louisiana Purchase- this was the thomas jefferson land purchase of roughly half the contiguous united states. the french needed money to fund Napolean's war, so they sold much of their interest in the united states, which happened to be a ton of land throughout the middle of the country. 4. States Rights-state's rights to determine the laws which govern all citizens 5. Judical Review-Judicial Review is the process by which courts determine whether the exercise of power conferred on public bodies by statute or the constitution has been exercised within accordance to that law. 6. Elastic clause-The congress has the right and the ability to stretch laws based on the validity in time. 7.Daniel Webster-D Webster was a fascinating character one of America's most articulate Senators able to keep an audience spell bound with his oratory. He was also one of the perenial 'also rans' always considered a viable candidate for President yet he never made it, making far too many enemies for a successful run. 8.Plantation farming-Plantations are large farms where crops are grown to sell, often in distant markets, rather than in local markets or for subsistence farming. 9. Patriots-The Patriots were people who wanted freedom and Independence from Britain 10. Writs of assistance-This was a general search warrant issued by the
British government that gave customs agents the right to search any building or ship in the colonies for smuggled goods.

11. Cotton Gin-A cotton gin is a machine that separates the seeds from the cotton fiber. 12. Mississippi River- used for trading and water source for farmers 13. Lowell Girls-The Lowell Girls are girls who worked on the mills in the 18th century Industrial Revolution. 14. Trail of Tears-The native Americans began to call this trail or series of
trails, the "Trail where they Weeped / Cried" and it has been changed a little to "The Trail of Tears"

15. Petition-A formal written request, typically one signed by many people, appealing to authority with respect to a particular cause. 16. Thomas paine-Paine, a radical English printer who lived in America only

since 1774, called stridently and stirringly for independence. 17. Reconstruction-The Reconstruction Era was the time from 1865 to 1877 when there was an attempt to enact reforms in the South.

18. Phyllis Wheatley-She is the first African-American author. 19. Marbury vs Madison-It established the process of judicial review by declaring that the Supreme Court's power doesn't extend to the legislative branch's appointments, but also outlining that the Supreme Court DID have the power to declare acts and laws unconstitutional. 20. Sectionalism-a devotion to the interests of one geographic region over 21. Industrial Revolution-industrial revolution is the transformation from an agricultural to an industrial nation. 22. Missouri Compromise-The Missouri Compromise was an agreement
between the North and the South and passed by Congress in 1820 that allowed Missouri to be admitted as the 24th state in 1821.

the interests of the country as a whole. The differences between the Northern and Southern states was one of the primary causes of the Civil War.

23. Abraham Lincoln-aham Lincoln (February 12, 1809 April 15, 1865) was the sixteenth President of the United States. He successfully led the country through its greatest internal crisis, the American Civil War, saving the Union and ending slavery 24. Henry Clay-Clays perhaps most notable achievement came in the Compromise of 1850, in which the Great Pacificator or Great Compromiser managed temporarily to tame sectional passions. 25. Subsistence Farming-farming that provides for the basic needs of the farmer without surpluses for marketing. 26. Loyalists- people who remained loyal to england, during Revolutionary War 27. Popular Sovereignty-sovereignty of the people is the principle that the legitimacy of the state is created and sustained by the will or consent of its people 28. Eli Whitney-inventor of cotton gin 29- Appalachian Mountains-Until Daniel Boone opened the way west through the Cumberland Gap, the Appalachians were a monumental obstacle to traveling communities. 30. Gold Rush-Happened in 1848. the term "49ers" came from the the rush in 1849. During the gold rush we started minting coins with ridges on them to prevent "shaving". California's population saw an additional 300,000 people during the gold rush 31. Common Good-something beneficial for all parties involved. 32. Checks and Balances-The term "checks and balances" refers to a
system of quality control that ensures things (or people) stay within the prescribed limits and guidelines.

33. Common Sense- Book written and made famous by thomas paine.

Describing the war. 34. John Peter Zenger-John Peter Zenger (1697-1746) was a New York City
printer who was accused of seditious libel in 1735. His case changed the definition of libel in American courtrooms and laid the foundation for freedom of the press.

35. Seminoles-The Seminole are a Native American people originally of Florida 36.Mercantilism-The main goal was to increase a nation's wealth by imposing government regulation concerning all of the nation's commercial interests. 37. Manifest Destiny-The 19th-century doctrine or belief that the expansion of the US throughout the American continents was both justified and inevitable 38. Compromise of 1850-The Compromise of 1850 was a series of bills that
wanted to resolve the territorial and slavery controversies arising from the Mexican-American War 39. Jefferson Davis-The first President of the Confederate States of America.

40. John C. Calhoun-Calhoun developed the Doctrine of Nullification by taking Jefferson's and Madison's Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions a step further 41. Cash Crop-Cash Crops are crops that are used for profit rather than consumption by a family. 42. Stamp Act-The stamp act was a tax put up by the british government to tax stamps coming into america. it was one of the factors for the revolutionary war. 43. Emancipation Proclamation-The announcement made by President Lincoln during the Civil War on September 22, 1862, emancipating all slaves in states still engaged 44. Technology-Machinery and equipment developed from such scientific knowledge 45. Triangle Trade-Triangular trade, or triangle trade, is a historical term indicating trade among three ports or regions. 46. Westward Trails-Sacramento, Oregon City, Santa Fe 47. Seneca Fall Convention-The Seneca Falls convention was a women's right convention held in Seneca Falls, New York, in 1848. 48. Underground Railroad-a vast network of people who helped fugitive slaves escape to the North and to Canada 49- Federalism-The federal principle or system of government. 50. Cabinet-group of high-ranking government officials, typically representing the executive branch. 51. Indian Removal Act-The Indian Removal Act is defined as an Act to provide for an exchange of lands with the Indians residing in any of the

states or territories, and for their removal west of the river Mississippi. 52. Nullification-the states'-rights doctrine that a state can refuse to recognize or to enforce a federal law passed by the United States Congress. 53. Monroe Doctrine-The Monroe Doctrine stated that European nations
should not intervene in countries to the south of the U.S.

54. Kansas Nebraska Act-It repealed the Missouri Compromise of 1820 and allowed settlers in those territories to determine if they would allow slavery within their boundaries. 55. George Washington-1st president, helped lead and win revolutionary war. 56. Andrew Jackson-Andrew Jackson was the seventh President of the United States. 57- 49 ers- Term used to describe people coming for the Gold Rush 58- Abolition-The act of being abolished (Which means destroyed) 59- Harriet Tubman- Former Slave, Conductor of Under Ground Rail Roads 60- Radical Republicans-The Radical Republicans were that part of the Congress who gainsaid with the Reconstruction Plan of President Lincoln in the aftermath of the American Civil War.