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P. 34-35 discuss some research techniques used in some psychological research. Many studies make use of psychological tests
Sometimes used to select or categorize research participants Sometimes used as a dependent variable Sometimes tests are being studied for future public uses

Psychometrics or Psychological Assessment

Subarea of psychology concerned with the development and use of psychological tests (p.19) Module 13 provides more information on psychological testing in general and intelligence testing in particular. (Watch the syllabus because from this point on we will be jumping around in our textbook)

Important Test Characteristics

Today we will view about a 20 minute guided video You should take notes like it is a lecture To help you catch the important parts, the handout is a guide for taking notes it is not an assignment. If you dont catch all the answers in the video, look for them in Module 13. Validity does the test actually measure what it is supposed to measure? Reliability does the test yield consistent scores for an individual? Standardization population used to select the items and establish the norms for the test should be the same as the population that the test will be used on in the future. Also the test should always be administered in the same way.

Interpreting the IQ Correlations

Intelligence: Heredity vs Environment or Nature vs Nurture
Twin Studies Family Studies Adoption Studies

Identical twins raised together (+.86 correlation) Fraternal twins raised together (+.60 correlation) This difference supports the role of genetics in influencing intelligence (greater IQ correlation among twins who are genetically identical).

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Interpreting the IQ Correlations

Identical twins raised together (.86) Identical twins raised apart (.72) Siblings raised together (.47) Siblings raised apart (.25) Stronger IQ correlations when kids are reared together shows the influence of environment on intelligence So environment interacts with our genetic potential to yield psychological traits like intelligence

Wechsler Intelligence Tests the most widely used (WAIS, WISC, WPPSI)

Normal Distribution of IQ Scores

Deviation IQ= How much does a score deviate from average?

What is Intelligence?
Gardners Multiple Intelligence Theory- there are at least 8 areas of intelligence: Verbal/linguistic Mathematical/logical Musical Spatial Bodily/kinesthetic Interpersonal Intrapersonal Naturalistic
This last one is new since video was made

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The Normal Distribution of IQ Scores (or Bell Curve)

What is it like to take a culturally biased test?

5 Items from the Dove Intelligence Test 5 Items from the Hicks Intelligence Test

1
What word is most out of place here?
a. splib b. blood c. gray d. spook e. black

2
Bo Diddley is a
a. game for children b. down-home cheap wine c. new dance d. down home-singer e. Moejoe call

3
Hully Gully came from:
a. East Oakland b. Fillmore c. Watts d. Harlem e. Motor City

4
If you throw 2 dice and 7 is showing on the top, what is facing down?
a. 7 b. snake eyes c. box cars d. little Joes e. 11

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5
T-Bone Walker got famous for playing what?
a. piano b. trombone c. T-flute d. guitar e. Hambone

5 Items from the Hicks IQ Test

What color is a Holstein cow? What is 2-4-D? What is a coulter? How many days does it take for a chicken egg to hatch? On a fertilizer bag, what do the numbers 5-1010 refer to?

Correct Answers
c, d, c, a, d black & white a weed-killer on a plow, a disc that cuts into the ground 21 days nitrogen, phosphorus & potash

Creativity Test: Find a word the 3 clues have in common

blue - cake - cottage ____________ made - cuff - left ____________ motion - down - poke ____________ painting - bowl - nail ____________ spelling - line - busy ____________

Answers
cheese hand slow finger bee