Climate change technology transfer Global agenda and UNEP's efforts

Rajiv Garg, Mitigation Expert Technology Transfer Unit

Asia Clean Energy Forum 2012

Elements of Technology
a piece of equipment, technique, practical knowledge or skills for performing a particular activity (IPCC, 2000).

The S curve of technology diffusion

Technology Cycle- Overview

Source : Strategy paper for the long-term perspective beyond 2012, including sectoral approaches, to facilitate the development, deployment, diffusion and transfer of technologies under the Convention: Report by the Chair of the Expert Group on Technology Transfer

Stages of technological maturity and barriers

Source : Strategy paper for the long-term perspective beyond 2012, including sectoral approaches, to facilitate the development, deployment, diffusion and transfer of technologies under the Convention: Report by the Chair of the Expert Group on Technology Transfer

Technology Transfer in UNFCCC - Chronology

Since 1992 (Rio), TT is a central element in the UNFCCC (Article 4 of UNFCCC) COP 7 (Marrakesh) in 2001: agreement to establish the Technology Transfer Framework under UNFCCC COP 13 (Bali) in 2007: Bali Action Plan reaffirms the centrality of Technology Transfer and calls for the creation of effective mechanisms to support TT for developing countries COP 15 (Copenhagen) in 2009: agreement on the need to establish a comprehensive Technology Mechanism COP 16 (Cancun) in 2010: the UNFCCC Technology Mechanism was further elaborated and the TEC was established COP17 (Durban) in 2011 the guidelines to select the host of the CTCN were approved and agreement on host is planned for COP 18

UNEP and climate technology transfer

Support the large scale deployment of climate technologies through Creating readiness for and fostering Climate Investments

Going back to first principles: What are technology / finance needs actually?
Barriers
Lack of experience Unattractive financial Additional returns Capital Costs
incremental cost of low carbon or climate resilient infrastructure

Solutions
Learning by doing Carbon markets and NAMA linked support

Business as Usual Capital Costs

cost of conventional infrastructure

Access to finance

Domestic finance, FDI and ODA

Transitioning the support

Additional Capital Costs

Additional Capital Costs

Business as Usual Capital Costs

Business as Usual Capital Costs

Creating Readiness
building capacities / lowering transaction costs financing innovation, and mobilising early investments

Scaling-up Investment
maintaining human/institutional capacities paying for additional costs through carbon/NAMAs/NAPAs and ensuring access to finance

UNEP TT activities Creating readiness

1. Assessments to inform and accelerate EST transfer in countries 2. Market transformation and technology deployment initiatives creating the necessary enabling environment to bring identified technologies into the market 3. Fostering investment with innovative financing mechanisms to support the development and deployment of technologies 4. Networks and centers of excellence for South-SouthNorth cooperation, knowledge sharing and capacity building for TT

Technology Needs Assessment

Moving from Needs Assessments to Action Plans

Mitigation technologies
Prioritization

Adaptation technologies
Prioritization

Market/barrier analyses

Barriers analysis

Enabling framework
Technology Action Plan - Prioritized policy options

Enabling framework

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en.lighten
Expertise, information & guidance (CLA, harmonization, toolkits) Targeted country support Global stakeholder network

Aimed output Recommendations & tech guidance + Global road map for phase out http://www.enlighteninitiative.org

Seed Capital Assistance Facility (SCAF)

http://www.scaf-energy.org/

The Pilot Asia-Pacific Climate Technology Network and Finance Center

Contact :
Rajiv Garg
Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific United Nations Environment Programme Bangkok 10200, Thailand

Rajiv.garg@unep.org