Rack and Pinion Drive Calculation and Selection

The values given in the load table are based upon uniform, smooth operation, KH=1.0 and reliable grease lubrication. Since, in practice, the applications are very diverse, it is important to consider the given conditions by using appropriate factors SB, KA, LKH and fn (see below). Formulas for Determining the Tangential Force a Fu Fu = t b = m g + m a (for lifting axle) 1000 [m/s] [kN]

= m g + m a (for driving axle) [kN] 1000 Fu Tab Fu perm. = [kN] KA SB fn LKH

Formula dimensions see page ZD-3

The Condition Fu < Fu perm. Must be Fulfilled. Load Factor KA

Drive Uniform Light Shocks Medium Shocks Type of load from the machines to be driven Uniform Medium Shocks Heavy Shocks 1.00 1.25 1.50 1.25 1.50 1.75 1.75 2.00 2.25

Safety Coefficient SB The safety coefficient should be allowed for according to experience (SB = 1.1 to 1.4).

Life-Time Factor fn considering of the peripheral speed of the pinion and lubrication.
Lubrication Peripheral Speed of Gearing m/sec m/min 0.5 30 1.0 60 1.5 90 2.0 120 3.0 180 5.0 300
Continuous Daily Monthly

0.85 0.95 1.00 1.05 1.10 1.25

0.95 1.10 1.20 1.30 1.50 1.90

from 3 to 10

Linear Load Distribution Factor LKH The linear load distribution factor considers the contact stress, while it describes unintegrated load distribution over the tooth width (LKH = KH). LKH = 1.1 for counter bearing, e.g. Torque Supporter = 1.2 for preloaded bearings on the output shaft e.g. ATLANTA HT, HP and E servo-worm gear unit, BG bevel-gear unit = 1.5 for unpreloaded bearings on the output shaft e.g. ATLANTA B servo-worm gear unit

ZD 2

Dimensions in mm

1/2012

Rack and Pinion Drive - Calculation and Selection

Calculation Example
Values Given
x Travelling Operation

Your Calculation
Values Given
x Travelling Operation

Mass to be Moved Speed Acceleration Time

m v tb

= 820 kg = 2 m/s = 1s = 9.81 m/s2 = 0.1

Mass to be Moved Speed Acceleration Time

m v tb

= = = = = 9.81

kg m/s s m/s2

Acceleration Due to Gravity g Coefficient of Friction Load Factor Life-Time Factor Safety Coefficient Linear Load Distribution Factor

Acceleration Due to Gravity g Coefficient of Friction Load Factor Life-Time Factor Safety Coefficient Linear Load Distribution Factor

KA = 1.5 fn = 1.05 (cont. lubrication)

KA = fn =

SB = 1.2 LKHb = 1.5

SB = LKHb =

Calculation Process a Fu Fu = = = tb a = 2 1

Results = 2 m/s2

Calculation Process a = tb
1000

Results a = = =
1000

m/s2 kN

mg+ma
1000

Fu = mg+ma ; Fu = = 2.44 kN Permissible Feed Force Fu Tab

8209.810.1+8202
1000

Assumed feed force: rack C45, ind. hardened, straight tooth, module 3, pinion 16MnCr5, case hardened, 20 teeth, page ZB-40 with Futab = 11.5 kN FuTab = ; KA SB fn LKHb Fu zul./per. = Condition Fu zul./per. > Fu ; 4.05 kN > 2.44 kN = > fulfilled 11.5 kN 1.51.21.051.5 = 4.05 kN

Fu zul./per.

Fu zul./per. =

Fu Tab ; KA SB fn LKHb Fu zul. /per. = = kN

Condition Fu zul./per. > Fu ; kN > kN = > fulfilled

Result:

Rack Pinion

27 30 101 24 35 220

Page ZB-13 Page ZB-23 case hardened

1/2012

Dimensions in mm

ZD 3

Rack and Pinion Drive - Calculation and Selection

Calculation Example
Values Given
x Lifting Operation

Your Calculation
Values Given
x Lifting Operation

Mass to be Moved Speed Acceleration Time

m v tb

= 300 kg = 1.08 m/s = 0.7 s = 9.81 m/s

Mass to be Moved Speed Acceleration Time

m v tb

= = = = 9.81

kg m/s s m/s

Acceleration Due to Gravity g Load Factor Life-Time Factor Safety Coefficient Linear Load Distribution Factor

Acceleration Due to Gravity g Load Factor

KA = 1.2 fn = 1.1
(Cont. Lubrication)

KA = fn =

Life-Time Factor Safety Coefficient Linear Load Distribution Factor

SB = 1.2 LKHb = 1.2

SB = LKHb =

Calculation Process a = tb
1000

Results 1.08 0.27

1000

Calculation Process a Fu = tb = mg+ma

1000

Results a = Fu erf./req. = = =
1000

a =

= 4 m/s = 4.1 kN

m/s kN

Fu = mg+ma

Fu = 3009.81+3004

Assumed feed force: rack C45, ind. hardened, helical, module 2, pinion 16MnCr5, case hardened, 20 teeth, page Permissible Feed Force Fu tab ZA-31 with Futab = 12 kN Fu Tab 11.5 kN Fu zul./per. = ; Fu zul./per. = KA SB fn LKHb 1.21.21.11.2 = 5.9 kN Condition Fu zul./per. > Fu ; 6.0 kN > 4.1 kN => fulfilled Fu zul./per. = Fu Tab ; Fu zul./per. = KA SB fn LKHb = kN

Condition Fu zul./per. > Fu ; kN > kN => fulfilled

Result:

Rack Pinion

29 20 105 24 29 520

Page ZA-7 Page ZA-24

ZD 4

Dimensions in mm

1/2012