Reservoir Data Analysis Paper

Shanni Ardhana Herputra | 12208024

Managing Operational Data for the Rest of Reservoir

Shanni Ardhana Herputra 12208024 Bandung Institute of Technology

Abstract
This paper addresses to maximize production of the potential of reservoir. Managing all data from early reservoir till the producing time. Making a production plan and a development strategy.

before have to be saved, it is because that data needed in another calculation for the next period. So the data management needed to manage the data of the reservoir.

Introduction
In Petroleum industry, reservoir is the main point to be interest. Knowing how big the oil reserve and the production capability of reservoir is the thing that has to do. To know the oil reserve and production capability of reservoir we have to know the characteristic data from the reservoir. We need to pay cost to do test to get that data therefore we need to be careful to plan the test that we will do because it is about money. Once we had done the test we get the data. Data we got can used to calculate the oil reserve and production capability. Test not only used once but many times and has to routine thus reservoir data characteristic will be up-to-date. When the new testing is done then the data that we had done

Type of Data Acquisition Approximation

There are several types of data that we needed to approach the characteristic of reservoir. The description of reservoir characteristic can be qualitative or quantitative. Reservoir characteristics include pore- and grain-size distributions, reservoir permeability and porosity, facies distribution, depositional environment, and basin description. We need a resources classification data so that we know from where those data we can get. We also need to know a contribution of those resources. The classification between resources and the contribution of it is presented on table below. There is not only one way to get the variable of data but there is several ways to one variable data. The quality of data collected

Reservoir Data Analysis Paper from various sources may differ, so that we need to compare it thus we more confident about validness of those data. There also that we need another test to know the data quote unquote there is not always we can directly get data from only one kind of test but need another test to approach the data. For example, seismic data are collected with nonintrusive techniques. As a result several steps of interpretations and qualitative judgments have to be included before those data can predict properties that are of interest for reservoir exploration or exploitation. Owing to these additional steps, more uncertainty is associated with seismic interpretation. On the other hand, permeability and porosity measurements with sample cores are direct measurement of reservoir properties in lab. Because analysis requires a minimal number of assumptions, the data are highly accurate and less uncertain. Sometime we need to make a test to know the data that we already have it from test before. To make easy of where the data we can get from time to time then we can make a table to know from where we can get the data time to time from Predrilling to Post development. We know that there is several ways to get

Shanni Ardhana Herputra | 12208024 data but not all the way has the same degree of confident about validness data. So then ranking needed to know which data we more confident about the validness of it. We rank it with number 1 to 3 with less number is more confident. It is very helpful when we need kind of data but the casual test to get the data not running so that we can get the other way to approach the data but of course with different uncertainties. Raza (1992) has presented a data acquisition and analysis program which is considered an efficient data flow program that ensures proper focus on needs/applications and cost/benefit considerations. It is also help us to know the steps to having an appropriate data. The program consist four steps: 1. Data Planning This plan developed by asking the questions: Why is the plan needed and who is the user? What types of data are required, how much, and what cost? When are the data required? When will the data be used? Who is responsible for data acquisition? This plan requires that the most likely reservoir depletion scenario and its probable

Reservoir Data Analysis Paper alterations/modifications are carefully conceptualized and formulated. This plan should address the ties between data needs and data applications and cost/benefit assessment. 2. Data Collection In this plan section, the following questions and considerations should be addressed carefully because these commitments are capital- and manpower-intensive and are often for the duration of the reservoir life. These following questions are: where the data should be collected? How often the data should be collected? What is the correct procedure for collecting reliable and applicable data? Who will audit data for their accuracy and pertinence? Who will devise a database? Who will maintain the database? This step should ensure that quality data are acquired. Data audit is conducted so that questionable data can be identified and replaced. 3. Data Analysis and Reduction The data we got needed to be analyzed and reduction if there is such too many

Shanni Ardhana Herputra | 12208024 amount of data. So there is two followings should be considered there are the amount of data and human nature. In acquiring an analyzing reservoir data, it is often encountered two situations those are not enough data is available (must often the case) or too much data is available (in some fortunate cases). Both situations create challenges. We need selecting the trustworthy data two approaches may be used that are statistical analysis if sufficient sample size is available and application of principle of consistency (data not violate common sense, physical law, and analogous situations). The second is human nature. Human temptation is to discard odd and off-trend data. In situation like this one must think twice before discarding data. The data need to be analyzed and reanalyzed to get the appropriate data. For efficient data analysis and reduction, the following are required: A good appreciation of the relative impact of the various pieces of data on the accuracy of the solution and the soundness of the judgment. As a rule, one should spend more time on the data that have a greater effect on the quality of the solution or model.

Reservoir Data Analysis Paper A clear understanding of the range of investigation of the data when they are derived from various sources. The right data are often not used in the right applications. A familiarity with data-acquisition procedures and practices and sufficient knowledge of the subject matter to have a feel for the data. 4. Data Synthesis We get data from multiple sources so then need synthesized so that consistency Resources Geophysics Geology Exploration Production Formation evaluation Production Facilities Regional setting; structural style Internal fabric; geologic model Major Contribution External geometry

Shanni Ardhana Herputra | 12208024 and convergence are ensured. In this step, one should be aware of the human tendency to overly invest in ones own analysis and synthesis. In this situation, one would assume that the analysis is not only right but also the only right analysis. The collected, analyzed, and synthesized data would then only be those that support ones opinions, viewpoints, and decisions.

Rock properties; fluid distribution Pressure/production data; reservoir surveillance; optimization Production, injection, separation, disposal; Corrosion/scale prevention Data acquisition; reservoir description; interpretation of past

Reservoir

performance; forecast of future recovery under different scenarios; project optimization

Land and legal Senior management

Lessing utilization Direction; support

Reservoir Data Analysis Paper

Shanni Ardhana Herputra | 12208024

Attributes : Dynamic, Flexible, Tractable, Cost Sensitive

DATA PLANNING Why is it needed Type and quantity of data When is it acquired When will it be utilized Who is responsible

DATA COLLECTION Where Now often Procedure Data audit Database

DATA ANALYSIS AND REDUCTION Selecting trustworthy data Data impact on solution Data confidence range Multiple source data

DATA SYNTHESIS

Integration of data Synergism of data

Reservoir Management
There are many definitions of reservoir management, Thakur (1991) defined reservoir management as the judicious use of available resources to maximize economic recovery; Cole et al. (1993) specified that resources in the Thakur definition include people, equipment, technology, and money. Other definitions, such as that offered by Wiggins and Stratzman (1990), which is defines reservoir management as application of state-of-the-art technology to a known reservoir system within a given

management environment, take a slightly different view. Almost all discussions definitions of reservoir management agree on the following as general characteristic: It requires and makes use of resources. It is continuous and long term, over the life of a reservoir. It concentrates on optimizing economics. Then from the listing above, we can approximate that the main activity of reservoir management is a sequence of

Reservoir Data Analysis Paper resource-deployment decisions made to optimize the economic recovery of petroleum. Every reservoir is being operated today, similar to every business being operated today. As I said before that reservoir is the one most important thing to be managed in petroleum business. However, some of reservoir is managed well and some are poorly managed. The poorly managed reservoirs and businesses are those who are not realizing their maximum potential to their operators. Therefore that needs some kind of philosophy, guidelines, or strategy that is used to guide interactions with the reservoir. Cole et al (1994) said that formulating these guidelines or plans and following them are the essence of reservoir management. The scope of possible approaches, strategies, or plans is extremely wide and also complex. Some strategy may be very simply conceived or literally just an assumptions. Mostly people think that produce the reservoir until the total cost of production becomes greater that the revenue obtained, then quit, the word quit has the meaning either selling the property to an organization having lower overhead costs that can continue to operate the reservoir at a profit or simply

Shanni Ardhana Herputra | 12208024 abandoning the reservoir. The opposite extreme might be a case in which all the latest improved oil recovery technologies are carefully applied in the context of a complete and detailed 3-D description of the physical and chemical aspects of the subsurface reservoir. Reservoir management can be thought of as the decision-making process that matches the approach or plan to the reservoir and its operator in such a way as to maximize the profitability of the reservoir to the operator. The vast number of possible approaches to managing reservoirs made us confuses because we dont know what the right decision. The answer from Fowler et al (1996) is that it is a matter of how well we know about things like: The business environment, both internal and external to our company, under the plan will be constructed and implemented. The availability and use of proven and developing technologies. The reservoir and its facilities.

Knowing the context under which reservoir management is to be performed is as important as knowing about the reservoir itself. The important of this

Reservoir Data Analysis Paper contextual information will carry over to reservoir characterization planning as well.

Shanni Ardhana Herputra | 12208024 Seismic: Time, Velocity, Amplitude, and Character. Geology-Eng. Study: Analogy, Regional

Data Sources for Each Step Reservoir Development

Reservoir developing production time to time from exploration drilling to enhanced oil recovery (EOR). There are different data sources to get the data we need. We can get the data sources from Gravity, Seismic, Geology-Eng. Study, Well bore operations (Coring, Log, Wireline), Post Development. The following classification data sources based on time is: 1. Perdrilling Gravity : gravity

Knowledge, Maps, Depositional Environment. 2. During Drilling Coring: Drill rate, Mud Log, Cuttings, Cores, Drillstem. Logs: Electric, SP, Acoustic, Density, Gamma Ray, Neutron. Wireline: Test, Cores.

3. Post Development Production: Flow test, pressure, Water Cut, GOR, History.

Reservoir Knowledge

Business Environment Knowledge

Technologi es Knowledge

Construct (or Revise) Reservoir Management Plan

Reservoir Management Plan of Appropriate Scale and Scope

Begin No Monitor Reservoir Management Plan Predictions End Points or Anomalies Encountered?

Implementing Reservoir Management Plan Monitor Business and Technology Environment New Developments Applicable?

Yes

No

Reservoir Data Analysis Paper

Shanni Ardhana Herputra | 12208024

Measurements Analysis Studies

Seismic Coring Logging Sampling Testing

Geophysical & Geological Data

Rock Data

Fluid Data

Pressure Transient Test Production History Reservoir

Integration

Reservoir Description

Reservoir Model

Reservoir Data Analysis Paper

Shanni Ardhana Herputra | 12208024

Integration Management
From measurement analysis studies data testing that we got, we can make a reservoir database like geophysical & geological data, rock data, and fluid data. After we completely manage those data we can make an integration to make reservoir description with synthesizing with production test and production history. Once we know the reservoir description then we can make a reservoir model for simulation. When reservoir model simulation built then we can make scenarios to reservoir. It is the way that we can manage reservoir to the fullest potential with choosing appropriate way development by simulation.

DEVELOPING PLAN

Development & Depletion Strategies

Environment Considerations

Data Acquisition & Analysis

Geological & Numerical Model Studies

Production & Reserves Forecasts

Facilities Requirements

Economic Optimization

Management Approval

To maximize the potential of reservoir, we need a developing plan to guide us about what to do and what id the important thing that needed to be managed.

Reservoir Data Analysis Paper

Shanni Ardhana Herputra | 12208024 Dandona et al. Defining Data Requirements for a Simulation Study. China.

Conclusion
Reservoir is like an agriculturale field that need to be managed. Several company only producting the oil untill they have profit and abandon it. The treatment they do are poor. It is because they didnt manage their reservoir. Maybe they will get more profit if they manage it and also they will not lose to much money to costs the equipment needed. Reservoir management is absolutely needed. It can help you to maximize your production with efficient cost.

References
Fowler et al., The Role of Reservoir Characterization in the Reservoir Management Process (as Reflected in the Department of Energys Reservoir Management Demonstration Program). USA. Kurnia P. Asep, Introduction to Data Acquisition and Analysis. Indonesia. Hernansyah. Data Sources Acquisition. Indonesia. Schlumberger White Paper. Optimizing Data Storage and Management for Petrel Seismic Interpretation and Reservoir Modeling. Texas.