Result

3.1 Sanitary Norm of the infrastructure of the pharmacy 3.1.1. Flooring From the 223 pharmacies visited, 77.13% of them was observed to have smooth floor. The latter consisted mainly of tiles and of vinyl. The remaining 22.87% had rough flooring. For example, plain floor, rough tiles, wooden floor and bricks. Figure 1 illustrates the percentage of types of flooring observed in the 223 pharmacies

Percentage of Types of Flooring Present in the Pharmacies

T ypes of Flooring
uns m ooth floor ing22.87% smooth flooring unsmooth f looring

s m ooth floor ing 77.13%

1 represents 77.13% of pharm acies having smooth flooring 2 represents 22.87% of pharm acies having unsmooth flooring

3.1.2. Counter While the observation was carried out, it was found that there were different types of counter. From the study sample 60.54% of the counter was found to be clean and 39.46% was found to be unclean. The most common type of counter was the one with a Melamine covering. However, there were a minority that was made from wood which contained cracks and were observed to be unclean.

Figure 2 shows the percentage of pharmacy observed having clean and unclean counter.

100

Percentage of Clean and Unclean Counter Observed

80

60

40

1 represents 60.45% of pharmacies having clean counter 2 represents 39.46% of pharmacies having unclean counter

Percentage of types of counter

20

2 1
0 clean counter unclean counter

Types of Counter

3.1.3 Ventilation Out of the 223 pharmacies visited, it has been observed that 5% of them were having natural ventilation, that is, absence of fan and air conditioner. It was also noted that 59% of the pharmacies had fan; among which 20% was clean and 39% was unclean. Furthermore, 36% of the pharmacies have air conditioner among which 24% was clean and 12% was unclean. Most of the unclean air conditioner were either rusted or were not well installed, (looked like have been placed temporarily). Figure 3 shows the percentage and types of ventilation observed through the data collection.
100

Percentage of Types of Ventilation Observed

80

60

40

Percentage of Types of Ventilation

20

1
0 clean fan

2
unclean fan

3
clean air conditioner

4
unclean air conditioner

5
natural ventilation

Types of Ventilation
1 represents 20% of clean fan observed in the pharmacies 2 represents 39% of unclean fan observed in the pharmacies 3 represents 24% of clean air conditioner observed in the pharmacies 4 represents 12% of unclean air conditioner observed in the pharmacies 5 represents 5%of natural ventilation observed in the pharmacies

3.2

Personnel of the Pharmacy

3.2.1. Overall

The dispenser was also observed especially those handling drugs during the data collection. Among the pharmacies observed, only 24% of the staffs were wearing overall. In a pharmacy, it was found that all the medical staff were wearing uniforms which consisted of a short sleeve blouse and knee length skirt and pants which has nothing to do with personal protective equipment. Figure 4 represents the percentage of staff wearing and not wearing overall while handling drugs

Percentage of Staff Wearing Personal Protective Equipment

Amount of Staff Wearing Overall

Not We aring Ove r all75.78% Wearing Overall Not Wearing Overall

We aring Ove rall 24.22%

1 represents 75.78% of staff wearing overall 2 represents 24.22% of staff not wearing overall

3.2.2

Nail Condition

The medical staffs that were serving the drugs was observed concerning the hygiene of their hands. The following criteria was observed: presence of nail polish and whether the nail was well trim. It was noted that 62% of them had well trim nail and 55% of the staff had the presence of nail polish on their hands (Note: the absence of nail polish was noted on both male and female).