Mao Zedong: Also known as Mao Tse-tung, he was the leader of the CCP in 1921.

He created the Peoples Liberation Army or the PLA. His army was the red army which stood for communist. His most famous quote came from the little red book; it was Political Power grows out of the barrel of a gun. From 1933-1935 he had the Long March which was the march that happened when the Communists fled from capture and execution. It was a 6,000mile journey with over 100,000 troops to try and survive it. They defeated 10 armies crossed 18 Mt. Ranges and 24 rivers only to have 7,000 troops survive the ordeal. In WWII Mao would invade china with the Japanese. He used guerrilla warfare, he saw peasants as the key to Communist revolution rather than urban workers. He had 3 rules that he used to win over these peasants. One do not take a needle or thread, two consider people as your family, three all you borrow you must return. In 1949 Mao and the communists won control of Mainland China. Mao becomes Chairman of the Communist Party from 1949 to 1976. From 1958 to 1961 Mao had The Great Leap Forward which was a plan to create an ideal communist society. This plan was to develop the industry and promote agriculture. He started Cooperatives or Collective Farms these were massive farms of 30,000 people which used human labor rather than technology. These plans of The Great Leap Forward were a disaster, 20million died of starvation due to the inability of the Cooperatives to generate enough food. In 1996 to 1976 Mao planned to have a Cultural Revolution which was a new forced march toward true Communism. In this revolution he tried to eliminate all of his opponents. Mao also had a hand in the Korean wars. He later dies in Sep. 9, 1976. His successor is Deng Xiaoping. Chiang Kai-Shek: He was the President of the Republic of China from 1928 to 1945. He invoked the death of Sun Yat-sen. He defeated the warlords who were regional military rulers in China. Even though it was called a republic it was really a dictatorship. He used Western ideas and traditional Confucian values in this republic. His New Life Movement was what he used for his social ethics. He was considered Banana Chinese cause critics called him Chinese on the outside and western on the inside. He was constantly at war with the Warlords, Communists, and Japanese. Later on he started the Shanghai Massacre in April 1927, this was where he had 1000s of communists tortured and killed. He wanted to eliminate the Communists. His quote was The Communists are a disease of the heart. He later loses the war against the communists during WWII. He flees to Taiwan and become president of Taiwan. Henry Pu-Yei: He was the last Emperor of China his reign lasted from1906 to 1967. He was sent to the Forbidden City in Peking Beijing after the Chinese revolution of 1911. This was the home of the Chinese Emperors. Dr. Sun Yat-sen: He was the founder of modern China. He was the leader of the revolution against Manchu, and he founded the first Chinese Republic. He believed in three principles of the people nationalism, democracy, and the peoples livelihood. He also founded the Guomindang or the Nationalist Political Party. Deng Xiaoping: He became the leader after the death of Mao in 1976. He studied in France, where he joined the Chinese Communist Party. At the end of WWII, he became a member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party. An opponent to Maos Cultural Revolution, he was labeled a renegade, scab, and traitor and sent to work in a tractor factory. In 1978 after the failure of the

Cultural Revolution, Deng became the leader of Chinas modernization and economic reform. He took a practical approach to change. Between 1982 and 1989, he was the chief leader of china. President Richard Nixon: In 1972 he made a historic visit to Red China. Later the United States and China opened up diplomatic relations in 1979. This ended 2 decades of hostility between the United States and China.