EPISODE 1 - WHOLE NUMBERS (PLACE VALUE & ROUNDING OFF) TIPS

If the first digit to the right of the place value involved is 5 or more, add 1 to the digit in the place value involved and replace all the other digits on its right with zeros.
COMMON MISTAKES

Error in rounding off whole numbers Example: Round off 36 670 to the nearest thousand. 36 670 = 36 000 (to the nearest thousand)
Wrong because did not add 1 to 6.

36 670 = 37 000 (to the nearest thousand)

EPISODE 2 - WHOLE NUMBERS (CONVERSION) TIPS

For example: 1. 20 005 is written in words as twenty thousand and five. 2. Forty thousand seven hundred and eight is written in numerals as 40 708.

COMMON MISTAKES

Error in writing the whole number. Example:

621 026 written in words is six hundred twenty-one thousand and zero twenty-six

Zero in a number need not be written or read.

six hundred twenty-one thousand and twenty-six

EPISODE 3 - WHOLE NUMBERS (PARTITIONING, ASCENDING & DESCENDING) TIPS

The number which lies further to the right on a number line has a greater value than those to the left.

COMMON MISTAKES

Error in differentiate between ascending and descending. Example: Arrange 20 246, 20 199 and 21 046 in ascending order. 21 046, 20 246, 20 199

The sequence is in descending order. Ascending order is from smaller value to higher value.

20 199, 20 246, 21 046

EPISODE 4 - WHOLE NUMBERS (ADDITION & SUBTRACTION) TIPS

1. An addition is a process of finding the sum of two or more numbers. 2. A subtraction is a process of finding the difference between two numbers. 3. Subtraction is the inverse of addition.

4. For example, Find the sum of 8 752, 19 230 and 25 469.

Answer:

COMMON MISTAKE

Error in arranging the digits according to their place values in vertical form. Example: 1. 2 352 + 645 = X

2 + 9

352 74

802

2.
Wrong because the digits are not arranged in their correct place values.

2 + 6

352 45

997

EPISODE 5 - WHOLE NUMBERS (MULTIPLICATION & DIVISION) TIPS

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Any number multiplied by 1 is equal to the number itself. The product of any whole number multiplied by 0 is 0. The quotient of a number divided by 0 is undefined. The quotient of 0 divided by any number (except 0) is 0. Division is the inverse of multiplication.

6. We can use lattice multiplication method to solve question. For example, 572 x 24 = 13 728

COMMON MISTAKE

Error in arranging the digits according to their place values in vertical form. Example: 1. 246 x 11 = Incorrect:

2 4 6 x 1 1

2 4 6 + 2 4 6

4 9 2

Correct:

2 4 6 x 1 1

2 4 6

2 4 6

2 7 0 6

EPISODE 6 - WHOLE NUMBERS (PAPER 2 -MULTIPLICATION & DIVISION) TIPS

1. 692 x 100 = Answer:

692 x 100 = 69 200 2. 727 x 1 000 = Answer:

727 x 1 000 = 727 000 3. 729 200 / 100 = Answer: 729 200 / 100 = 7 292 4. 726 000 / 1 000 = Answer:

726 000 / 1 000 = 726

COMMON MISTAKES

Error in order of operations. Example: 1. 60 000 / 3 x 4 = Incorrect: 60 000 / 3 x 4 = 60 000 / 12 = 5 000 Correct: 60 000 / 3 x 4

= 20 000 x 4 = 80 000

The answer is wrong because division should be done first.

EPISODE 7 - WHOLE NUMBERS (MIX OPERATION & BODMAS) TIPS

Use BODMAS which stands for Brackets (B), Of (O), Division (D), Multiplication (M), Addition (A) and Subtraction (S). So, we should always compute the arithmetic in brackets first. Then, we divide, multiply, add and lastly, subtract.

COMMON MISTAKES

Error in calculations involving mixed operations. Example: 1. 4 840 / (40 32) = Incorrect: 4 840 / (40 32) = 121 - 32 = 89 Correct: 4 840 / (40 32) = 4 840 / 8 = 605

It is wrong because operation in brackets should be done first.

EPISODE 8 - WHOLE NUMBERS (PAPER 2 - MIX OPERATION & BODMAS) TIPS

1. Arrange the numbers according to their place values before adding from right to left. 2. In mixed operations involving multiplication and addition, do the multiplication first. 3. In mixed operation involving brackets, do the operations in the brackets first. For example, (33 + 24) x (120 85) = (33 + 24) x (120 85) = 1 995

COMMON MISTAKES

Error in calculations involving mixed operations. Example: 1. 2 450 + 1 360 x 24 = Incorrect: 2 450 + 1 360 x 24 = 3 810 x 24 = 91 440 Correct: 2 450 + 1 360 x 24 = 2 450 + 32 640 = 35 090

It is wrong because multiplication should be done first. (BODMAS)

EPISODE 9 - FRACTIONS (PROPER FRACTIONS, THE ADDITION & SUBTRACTION) TIPS

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

1/2 = one over two or one half 1/4 = one over four or one quarter 3/4 = three over four or three quarters Fraction with the numerator that is less than its denominator is called proper fraction. Improper fraction is a fraction with numerator that is same as or greater than its denominator. For example,

We write the improper fraction as 3/2. We read it as three halves or three over two.

COMMON MISTAKES

Error in counting the total number of equal parts (denominator) in a given diagram. Example:

1.

What fraction of the given diagram is shaded? Incorrect: 3/4 Correct: 3/8

Wrong because the total number of the triangles of equal size is 8.

EPISODE 10 - FRACTIONS (PAPER 2 - PROPER FRACTIONS, THE ADDITION & SUBTRACTION) TIPS

1. There are two method of adding mixed numbers. Method 1: Add the whole numbers and fractions separately. Method 2: Change the mixed numbers to improper fractions first. 2. Subtraction of mixed numbers can be carried out using two methods. Method 1: Subtract the whole numbers and fractions separately. Method 2: Change mixed numbers to improper fractions first.

COMMON MISTAKES

Error in addition and subtraction of fractions. Example: 1. 4 1/2 + 3 1/4 + 1 3/8 = Incorrect: 3/4

Correct:

Wrong because the denominators are not the same and cannot be added.
EPISODE 11 - FRACTIONS (MULTIPLICATION & DIVISION OF FRACTIONS, BODMAS) TIPS

1. To multiply any proper fractions by a whole number, we can use the following methods: a. Use diagrams Example: 1 /2 of 4 = 1/2 x 4 =2

b. Multiply the whole number by the numerator Example:

c. Cancellation Example:

COMMON MISTAKES

Error in multiplication. Example:

1. 1 2/3 x 24 =

Incorrect : 1 2/3 x 24 = =
5

/3 x 24 /72

120

= 1 2/3

2.

Correct

Wrong because the denominator cannot be multiplied by the whole number.

EPISODE 12 - FRACTIONS (PAPER 2 - MULTIPLICATION & DIVISION OF FRACTIONS, BODMAS) TIPS

1. In solving problems involving fractions, use the following steps. Step 1: Understanding the problem. Step 2: Devising a plan. Step 3: Implementing the plan. Step 4: Looking back. Example: Puan Asiah bought 5 1/2 m of white cloth, 3 1/5 m of red cloth and 1 7/10 m of floral cloth. How many metres of cloth did she buy altogether? Answer:

COMMON MISTAKES

Error in division Example: 1. 2 1/2 / 4 =

Incorrect

2.

Correct

:
EPISODE 13 - DECIMALS (CONVERTING FRACTION TO DECIMALS AND VICEVERSA, ADDITION & SUBTRACTION) TIPS

1. The decimal point separates the whole number part from the fraction part.

2. Every digit in a decimal has its own place value. The place value of each digit in decimals can be shown using a place value chart.

The number shown in the place value chart above is read as zero point two six.

COMMON MISTAKES

Error in lining up the decimal points when adding or subtracting. Example: 1. 15.28 + 3.6 = Incorrect:

Correct:

EPISODE 14 - DECIMALS (PAPER 2 - CONVERTING FRACTION TO DECIMALS AND VICE-VERSA, ADDITION & SUBTRACTION) TIPS

1. Addition of decimals is the process of finding the sum of two or more decimals. 2. In the addition of decimals, arrange the decimals vertically according to their place values. Example: 12.402 + 1.308 =13.71

3. Subtraction of decimals is the process of finding the difference between two decimals. 4. In the subtraction of decimals, arrange the decimals vertically according to their place values. Example: 12.072 1.929 = 10.143

COMMON MISTAKES

Error in arranging the numbers according to their place values in vertical order. Example: 1. 1. 4.9 + 12 = Incorrect: 4.9 + 12 = 6.1

Correct: 4.9 + 12 = 16.9

EPISODE 15 - DECIMALS (MULTIPLICATION & DIVISION, BODMAS, ROUNDING OFF) TIPS

1. To multiply a decimal by 10, 100 or 1 000, move the decimal point 1,2 or 3 places to the right respectively. Example: 6.02 x 10 =

2. To division a decimal by 10, 100 or 1 000, move the decimal point 1,2 or 3 places to the left respectively. Example: 256.7 /100 =

COMMON MISTAKES

Error in placing the decimal point in the product. Example: 1. 3.128 x 12 = Incorrect:

3.128 x 12 = 3.7536

Correct: 3.128 x 12 = 37.536

EPISODE 16 - DECIMALS (PAPER 2 - MULTIPLICATION & DIVISION, BODMAS, ROUNDING OFF) TIPS

1. In mixed operations involving addition and subtraction of decimals, calculation is done from left to right. Example: 1. 1. 8 2.56 + 1.783 1 = Answer: 8 2.56 + 1.783 1 = 6.223

COMMON MISTAKES

Error in lining up the decimal points during calculation in vertical form. Example: 1. 18.9 1.35 + 0.57 + 1 = Incorrect: 18.9 1.35 + 0.57 + 1 = 1.12

Correct: 18.9 1.35 + 0.57 + 1 = 19.12

EPISODE 17 - PERCENTAGE TIPS

1. To change a proper fraction of tenths to a percentage, convert it to fraction of hundredths. 2. To change a proper fraction to a percentage, we can also multiply it by 100%. Example:

Convert 1/2 to a percentage.

3. To change a percentage to a decimal or vice versa, express it as a fraction of hundredths. Then, convert it to decimal or percentage. Example: Convert 0.33 to a percentage. 0.33 = 33/100 = 33%

COMMON MISTAKES

Error in converting fractions to percentages. Example: 1. Convert 3/10 to a percentage. Incorrect:

Correct:

EPISODE 18 - PERCENTAGE (PAPER 2) TIPS

1. A mixed number can be converted to a percentage by multiplying the mixed number by 100%. Example: 1 1/5 = 6/5

2. To find the value for the given percentage of a quantity, a. Write the given percentage as a fraction b. Multiply the fraction by the given quantity Example: Find 8.5% of 1 400.

COMMON MISTAKES

Error in finding the value of a given percentages. Example: 1. Find 4% of 20. Incorrect:

Correct:

EPISODE 19 - MONEY & TIME TIPS

1. In the 12-hour system, one day is divided into two parts as follows: (a) Between 12 midnight and 12 noon

(b) Between 12 noon and 12 midnight Example:

2. A quarter past five

3. A quarter to five

4. Half past five

COMMON MISTAKES

1. 1. RM152.60 + RM48 = Incorrect: RM152.60 + RM48 = RM153.08

Correct:

RM152.60 + RM48 = RM200.60

EPISODE 20 - MONEY & TIME (PAPER 2) TIPS

1. The relationship between units of time are as follows:

Example: 3 years =

days

3 years = 3 x 365 days = 1 095 days

2.
COMMON MISTAKES

Error in calculating duration in months and days. Example: 1. Calculate the duration from 15 April 2007 to 3 July 2007. Incorrect:

Correct: