16 Tenses In English

1.

PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE

Untuk menyatakan suatu aktivitas yang sedang berlangsung. Keterangan waktu yang digunakan di Present RIGHT NOW, TOMORROW,ETC Rumus A. Positive S + am/is/are + Verb-ing.Now S + sedang + kata kerja berakhiran-ing....sekarang Examples : 1. I am studying English now. 2. We are going to Jakarta tomorrow (akan) 3. You are singing now. 4. He is making a cake now. 5. she is sewing a shirt now. 6. They are playing football in the field now. 7. Tom and Ani are doing their homework tomorrow. 8. The students are doing sport now. b Negative S + am/is/are + Not + Verb-ing Now S + tidak sedang + kata kerja berakhiran-ing.sekarang Example : 1. I am not studying now 2. He is not sleeping now 3. My father is not watching television now. 4. we arent going to Jakarta Tomorrow. c. Interrogative Am/Is/Are + S + Verb-ing..Now? Apakah + S + sedang + kata kerja berakhiran-ing sekarang ? Examples : Communicative English Course
1

Continous tense are NOW,

16 Tenses In English

1. Are you studying English now ? Yes, I am/ No, I am not 2. Is he eating fried rice now? Yes, he is/ No, he isnt 3. Is your father working in the office now? Yes, He is/No, He isnt d. Qusetion-word QW + Am/Is/Are + S + Verb-ing...Now? QW + yang + S + kata kerja berakhiran-ing ..sekarang? Examples : 1. what are you doing now ? studying 2. Where is he studying English now ? at school

2. PAST TENSE Untuk menyatakan aktivitas yang terjadi di waktu lampau dengan keterangan yang jelas Rumus Positive S + Verb 2 Yesterday S + 2.. Examples : 1. John saw a crocodile in the river yesterday. 2. We studied English here last week. 3. They played football in the field yesteryear Negative S + didnt + Verb 1 ..Yesterday S + tidak + 1kemarin Examples : 1. John didnt see a crocodile in the river yesterday. 2. We didnt study here last week. 3. They didnt play football in the field yesteryear. Interrogative Did + S + Verb 1..Yesterday? Apakah + S + 1kemarin? Examples:

Communicative English Course

16 Tenses In English

1. Did John see a crocodile in the river yesterday ? Yes, he did/No, he didnt 2. Did you study here last week ? Yes, we did/ No, we didnt 3. Did they play football in the field yesteryear? Yes, they did/No, they didnt Question-word QW + did + S + Verb 1.Yesterday? Qw + yang + S + 1.? Examples: 1. What did John see in the river yesterday ? a crocodile 2. When did John see a crocodile in the river? yesterday QW + Verb 2.Yesterday? S + did QW + 2..? Examples : 1. Who saw a crocodile in the river yesterday ? John did 2. What grew in the rice-field last year? A coconut tree did 3. PRESENT FUTURE TENSE Untuk menyatakan suatu peristiwa yang akan terjadi di masa yang akan datang (ekspresi sebuah planing). Rumus (+)S + will/shall + Verb 1 Tomorrow (-)0S + wont/shant + Verb 1 Tomorrow (?)Will/Shall + S + Verb 1.. Tomorrow? (?)QW + will/shall + S + Verb 1.Tomorrow? (+)S + am/is/are + going to + Verb 1 (-)S +am/is/are + not + going to + Verb 1 (?)Am/is/are + S + going to + Verb 1.. .? (?)QW + am/is/are + S + going to + verb 1 ..? Communicative English Course
3

16 Tenses In English

4. PRESENT TENSE -Untuk menyatakan suatu aktivitas -Untuk menyatakan kebenaran umum + The earth goes round the sun - The earth doesnt go round the sun ? Does the earth go round the sun ?

+ I get up at 8 oclock every morning - I dont get up at 8 oclock every morning ? Do you get up at 8 oclock very morning? Rumus S + Verb 1 (s/es) Everyday/today S + dont/doesnt + Verb 1 Everyday/today Do/Does + S + Verb 1Everyday/today? QW + Do/does + S + Verb 1.Everyday/today?

Communicative English Course

16 Tenses In English

5. PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE Untuk menyatakan aktivitas yang sedang dilakukan dimasa lampau Rumus S + was/were + verb-ing.When + s + Verb 2. S + was/were + not + Verb-ing.When + s + Verb 2 Was/were + S + verb-ing. When + s + Verb 2 . .? QW + was/were + S + verb-ingWhen + s + Verb 2 ?

+ She was cooking rice when Tom came yesterday She wasnt cooking rice when Tom came yesterday

? Was she cooking rice when Tom came yesterday ?

6. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE -Untuk menyatakan suatu kejadian yang telah terjadi sebelum waktu sekarang -Untuk menyatakan aktivitas yang telah terjadi beberapa kali Rumus S + have/has + verb 3.etc S + havent/hasnt + Verb 3..etc Have/has + S + verb 3.. .etc? QW + have/has + S + verb 3..etc?

Communicative English Course

16 Tenses In English

7. PAST PERFECT TENSE Untuk menyatakan suatu peristiwa yang sudah sempurna selesai sebelum kegiatan yang lain selesai Example : When I arrived at the party, Tom had already gone home When I got home, I found that someone had broken into my flat and had stolen my fur coat. George didnt want to come to the cinema with us because he had already seen the film twice. It was my first time in an aeroplane. I was very nervous because I hadnt flown before.

The pattern: S + had + verb 3when/before S + V2 S + hadnt + Verb 3 when/before S + V2 Had + S + verb 3 when/before S + V2 ? QW + had + S + verb 3 when/before S + V2 ?

8. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE -Untuk menyatakan kapan dimulainya sebuah aktivitas yang sedang berlangsung pada saat ini -Untuk menyatakan durasi waktu sebuah aktivitas yang sedang berlangsung

S + have/has + been + verb-ingetc S + havent/hasnt + been + verb-ingetc Have/has + S + been + verb-ing.etc ? Communicative English Course
6

16 Tenses In English

QW + have/has + S + been + verb-ingetc ? Example : Pelajar pelajar tengah menyanyi sejak pagi ini

+ The students have been singing since this morning - The students havent been singing since this morning ? Have the students been singing since this morning ?

9. PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE Untuk menyatakan kapan dimulainya sebuah aktivitas di masa lalu atau menyatakan durasinya S + had been + verb-ingwhen S + V2 S + hadnt been + Verb-ing when S + V2 Had + S + been + verb-ing when S + V2 ? QW + had + S + been + verb-ing when S + V2 ?

Example : - Mereka tengah mengerjakan PR ketika saya datang kemarin + They had been doing the homework when I came yesterday - They hadnt been doing the homework when I came yesterday ? Had they been doing the homework when I came yesterday ?

Communicative English Course

16 Tenses In English

10.

PRESENT FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE

Untuk menyatakan suatu aktivitas atau kejadian yang akan sedang berlangsung di masa yang akan datang. Setiap kata kerja bantu (to be) yang mengikuti WILL pasti bentuk kata kerja bantunya ialah be.

(+)S + will be + Verb-ing + O + at..oclock (-)S + wont be + Verb-ing+ O + at..oclock (?)Will + S + be + Verb-ing + O + at.oclock ? (?)QW + will + S + be +Verb-ingoclock ? Example : Kamu sedang akan pergi ke sekolah pukul 7 besok pagi

+ You will be going to school at seven oclock tomorrow morning - You wont be going to school at seven oclock tomorrow morning ? Will you be going to school at seven oclock tomorrow morning ?

11. PRESENT FUTURE PERFECT TENSE Untuk menyatakan suatu aktivitas yang telah sempurna selesai di masa yang akan datang sebelum kejadian yang lain terjadi (+)S + will have + verb 3 + .by the end (-)S + wont have + Verb 3 + ..by the end. (?)Will + S + have + Verb 3 + by the end. ? (?)QW + will + S + have +Verb 3 +by the end ?

Communicative English Course

16 Tenses In English

Example : - Kita sudah akan tiba di Jakarta besok sore. + We will have arrived in Jakarta tomorrow afternoon - We wont have arrived in Jakarta tomorrow afternoon ? Will we have arrived in Jakarta tomorrow afternoon ?

12. PRESENT FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE Untuk menyatakan berapa lama suatu aktivitas yang sedang berlangsung di masa yang akan datang. Tenses ini hampir mirip dengan Future Continuous Tense tapi tenses ini lebih menekankan pada masa terjadinya . (+)S + will have been + verb-ingsince. (+)S + wont have been + verb-ing.since. (?)Will + S + have been + verb-ingsince.? (?)QW + will + S + have been + verb-ing.since..? Example : Mereka tengah akan belajar sejak pagi besok

+ They will have been studying since this morning - They wont have been studying since this morning ? Will they have been studying since this morning ?

13. PAST FUTURE TENSE Untuk menyatakan suatu aktivitas yan akan dilakukan dimasa lampau .rencana yang gagal (+)S + would + V1IF + S + verb 2.etc (-)S + wouldnt + verb 1.+ object..etc (?)Would + S + verb 1 .+ object ...etc ? Communicative English Course
9

16 Tenses In English

Example : 1. Saya akan datang ANDAI KATA kamu mengundang saya I would come if you invited me 2. Tom akan melakukan perjalanan JIKA dia punya uang Tom would travel if he had more money 14. PAST FUTURE CINTINUOUS TENSE Untuk menyatakan suatu aktivitas yang akan sedang berlangsung di masa lampau (+)S + would be + Verb-ingwhen S + verb 2.etc (-)S + wouldnt + be + verb-ing.when S + verb 2etc (?)Would + S + be + verb -ing .. when S + verb 2etc ? Example : Sedianya mereka sedang akan pulang KETIKA kami datang

+ They would be going home when we came - They wouldnt be going home when we came ? Would they be going home when we came ?

15. PAST FUTURE PERFECT TENSE Untuk menyatakan suatu aktivitas yang akan telah selesai dikerjakan dimasa lampau/yang seharusnya telah selesai (+)S + would have + verb 3..IF + S + had + verb 3. (-)S + wouldnt have + verb 3 object..etc (?)Would + S + have + verb 3 .object..etc ?

Communicative English Course

10

16 Tenses In English

Example : (+)Ia sudah akan menjadi presiden ANDAIKATA partainya menang dalam pemilihan umum. (-)He would have become a presiden if his party had won in general election

16. PAST FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE Untuk menyatakan suatu aktivitas yang akan telah sedang selesai dilaksanakan di masa lampau / seharusnya telah sedang berlangsung (+)S + would have + been + verb-ing..IF + S + had + verb 3. (-)S + wouldnt have been + verb-ing.objectetc (?)Would + S + have been + verb-ing.. .object..etc ? Example : (+)Sedianya rapat tengah akan dimulai sejak pagi ANDAIKATA walikota sudah datang tepat pada waktunya (+)The meeting would have been starting since this morning if Mayor had come on time.

Communicative English Course

11