ISS Referencing

2012




Prepared by
Joy Misa & John Steenwinkel



February 2012






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ISS Referencing 2012
Contents

1. What is Referencing? 3
Work ethics / academic integrity 3
Citation systems 4
Reference systems 4
2. Steps Involved in Referencing 5
3. Harvard-ISS Referencing Style 6
General comments 6
In-text citations 6
Reference list 7
Special cases 10
Appendix 1: Reference Types as used in the Harvard-ISS Output Style 13
Appendix 2: Information Required per Reference Type 22
Appendix 3: Non-English Author Names 24
References 37



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ISS Referencing 2012
1. What is Referencing?
1

Referencing is a standardized, academic method of acknowledging sources of
information and ideas that you have used in your assignment, paper or publication in a
way that uniquely identifies their source. Direct quotations, facts and figures, as well as
ideas and theories, from both published and unpublished works must be referenced.

A citation or bibliographic citation, then,
is a reference to a book, article, web page, or
other published item, with sufficient detail to
allow a reader to locate it.
Work ethics / academic
integrity
By referencing correctly, you give recognition
to the work of other researchers, distinguishing
your own intellectual contribution from theirs.
You also allow readers to verify your train of
thought on the basis of the outcome of research of others. Proper source
acknowledgement is considered an important issue in academic work. Good referencing
protects you from charges of plagiarism and allows other researchers or readers to verify
citations and quotations.
When is it plagiarism and when is it not?
When you are writing a research paper or publication you ARE allowed to:
sum up a writers thoughts in your own words.
repeat a small section of text, enclosing it in quotation marks ( ).
In both cases, correct references must be made both in the text and in the
bibliography/list of references.
What you are NOT allowed to do and is unacceptable is to:
summarize or repeat work by another author (including anything you find on the
internet!) and re-use this in your research paper without correct referencing. To
do so constitutes plagiarism.

1
This guide has been adapted and further developed from: Library and Information Service,
Curtin University of Technology, Harvard Referencing 2007, 11p. Originally available online from
<http://library.curtin.edu.au/research_and_information_skills/referencing/index.html>. This
2010 version of the Harvard-ISS referencing guidelines incorporates adaptations made based on
feedback by and experiences of ISS MA 2007/2008 students and colleagues, and has been
adapted for use in RefWorks

.
Why reference?

Referencing is necessary to give
recognition to the work of other
researchers.

Readers who are interested in a
topic are given the required
information to follow-up and
read more fully the cited
authors arguments.
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ISS Referencing 2012
You, as the author, are responsible for checking the accuracy and completeness of the
referencing of all cited works. This is true not only for official publications, but also for
research papers.
Citation systems
There are broadly two citation systems: one uses parentheses and the other numbered
notes. Note systems involve the use of sequential numbers in the text which refer to
either footnotes or endnotes.

The Harvard-ISS style uses the parentheses system, in which the author indicates
abbreviated source information (for example, author, year and page number) enclosed in
parentheses in the article text.
Reference systems
There are many forms of referencing or reference styles. Some of the better known styles
are APA by the American Psychologist Association, Chicago Manual of Style by
Chicago University, Harvard by the Harvard Law Review Association and MLA by the
American Language Association. Turabian originates from Kate L. Turabians Manual for
Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations. The latter closely resembles the Chicago
Style and was developed for term papers, essays and research papers (generally
unpublished work).

This information document provides a brief guide to the Harvard Referencing Style, as
adapted for the ISS. This style is characterized by:
in-text citations, in which the authors name is given first, followed by the
publication date;
a reference list at the end of the paper that contains the full details of all the in-
text citations (including sources for tables and figures).

Whatever style you use now or later in your academic career, it is important to be correct,
complete and consistent. At ISS, the Harvard-ISS style of referencing is preferred.

Before the introduction of the Harvard-ISS style, the referencing style of the journal
Development and Change (of which ISS is co-publisher) was generally considered as the ISS
in-house style of referencing. When it was decided to adopt an official ISS house style,
the ISS opted to use the Harvard style, with slight adaptations to simplify it, adhering to a
functional use of typography.
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ISS Referencing 2012
2. Steps Involved in Referencing
Consider using RefWorks

,
2
a web-based software tool that is designed to help you build
a references database and manage your information in a personal, online library file.
Create your personal RefWorks

account from a computer within the ISS premises (IP

range). Further use is possible from any computer with an Internet connection. Other
bibliographical software exist, both open-source and commercial; ISS supports
RefWorks

.

Using RefWorks

, you can record whatever information you find, at the very moment
when and where you find a reference. Recording the search terms used, the names of
databases, libraries or catalogues will help you to work efficiently and keep track of
references that you may require later on. RefWorks

has additional fields for, among

others, research notes, abstracts and descriptors.

The following steps are important to correctly reference your assignment, research paper
or publication in RefWorks

.

1. Copy the full bibliographic details into your RefWorks

library, including the page

number(s) from which the information is taken.
3
Section 4 shows the most commonly
used reference types and the bibliographic information required for each type.

2. Insert the citation at the appropriate place within the text of the document (see
examples below).

3. RefWorks

automatically provides a list of references at the end of the document. As

such, the list of references includes all (only) the references you refer to in your
manuscript.

A publication may list together and in addition to works actually referred to in the text
published works that have been consulted and/or related publications considered to be
of use to the reader. This list then becomes a bibliography, as opposed to a list of references.
As a rule, a research paper has only a list of references.

2
For more information on see: <http://www.refworks.com>.
3
In RefWorks

, the fields required to be filled in for each reference type are marked with a tick.
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ISS Referencing 2012
3. Harvard-ISS Referencing Style
General comments
The modern trend in typography is to concentrate on functionality, the leading question
being: Will a difference in typography support the easy recognition of
a difference in information (e.g., a journal title as distinct from an article title)? This is
reflected in the Harvard-ISS output style.

In general, the Harvard style sets standards for the order and content of information in
the reference, not so much for the format or layout on the page. Many variations of
layout are in use and may be encountered. It is essential to be consistent within a
document.

It is also desirable for publications of an organization to consistently use the same layout
and formatting. Editorial boards of journals set their own additional style characteristics
in Authors Guidelines to maintain consistency in the referencing throughout a journal
and its volumes or issues.
4


The list of reference types in the Appendix 1 provides examples of a large number of
types of publications as they are treated in RefWorks using the Harvard-ISS output syle.
The second column shows the correct use of the in-text citation. Column three illustrates
the full reference in the list of references. In column four you will find the reference type
to be selected in RefWorks

for the publication. Remarks are found in column four.

Users of RefWorks

will find that when the Harvard-ISS style is selected, the

in-text citations and references list are correctly displayed in the Ms Word document
when the right database fields have been correctly used. It is essential to input
information properly. For example, ranges of page numbers should be entered in the
page number field of a record of RefWorks

as follows: 3-18, not p. 3-18 or pp. 3-18.

Appendix 2 provides a list of the most commonly cited reference types with the
information required for each type.
In-text citations
Use the surname of the author, followed by the year of publication when citing
references within the text. Examples:
(Saith 2007: 63-74) or
[] as stated by Saith (2007: 63-74).

To distinguish different works by the same author in the same year, use the letters a, b, c,
etc. For example, Besson (1993a, 1993b).

4
Some examples in this guide were taken from Development and Change, How to contribute,
accessed 23 February 2009 <http://www.iss.nl/Development-Change/How-to-contribute>,
inasfar as they conformed to the Harvard-ISS house style.
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ISS Referencing 2012
If two or more works are cited at the same point in the text, they are included in the
same in-text citation, separated by a comma, e.g. (Moharir 1984: 99-100, Salih 2007). The
items are presented alphabetically by authors name and not chronologically.

Where authors of different references have the same surname, include the authors
initials in the in-text citation, e.g. (K. Jansen 2004) or K. Jansen (2004).

When quoting directly from another source, the relevant page number(s) must be given
and either: enclose the quote within quotation marks, or format as a separate indented
paragraph (without quotation marks). Similarly, when paraphrasing or referring to an idea
from a book or other lengthy text, include
also the relevant page number(s), as this might be useful to the reader.

Use et al. (not italicized, note the punctuation!) when citing a work by more than two
authors, but name them all in the reference list.

Use of Latin abbreviations (not italicized):
Ibid. (ibidem) indicates that the associated passage is from the same source as the
previous in-text citation or foot/endnote.
Loc. cit. (loco citato) indicates that the associated passage may be found at the
same location or page as the previously cited materials of the source specified.
Preceded by the identification of the work being cited.
Op. cit. (opera citato) indicates that the associated passage may be found in the
same article or book cited, but on another page within the work. Preceded by a
designation of which author or work is being cited.
Reference list
The list of references cited in the text (including sources for tables and figures) appears in
alphabetical order at the end of the paper as a separate section with the title References.

For authors names
5
and reference titles, RefWorks

will capitalize correctly where

required and italicize the appropriate fields, irrespective of how records have been
entered.

Note that a reference list includes only books, articles, etc. that are cited in the text.
A bibliography, on the other hand, is a list containing the sources used in developing a
publication and other sources which the author considers might be of use or interest to
the reader.


5
In September 2003, the official Harvard format began using uppercase for author names e.g.,
PRONK, J. (2007). This did not become widely accepted, certainly among UK and continental
European authors. Harvard-ISS style uses initial letter capitalization for authors names: e.g.,
Pronk, J. (2007).
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The reference list is arranged alphabetically by authors name. Where an item has
no author, it is cited by its title, and ordered in the reference list or bibliography
alphabetically by the first significant word of the title.

The Harvard-ISS referencing style requires the second and subsequent lines of each
reference to be indented in order to highlight the alphabetical order.
Authors name
The name of the first author or editor of a publication is listed with the surname
followed by the initial(s) or fully speeled first name:
Saith, A. or Saith, Ashwani

For a second author or editor, the sequence is reversed:
Saith, A. and K. Jansen
Note that the two names are separated by and.

Use (ed.) for one editor, but (eds) for multiple editors.
Stecher, B.M. (ed.)
Doornbos, M., L. Cliffe, A.G.M. Ahmed and J. Markakis (eds)

In case more than two authors/editors are indicated in the reference, list all authors and
editors in the sequence that the publication provides on the title page (not the cover).

When listing two or more works by one author, repeat the authors name for each entry.

Since the purpose of the list of references is to be able to retrace a reference in the library
or online, it is preferable to list authors/editors as they are given in the reference itself.
So if Doornbos, M. is what the book in question uses (and not the Doornbos, M.R. that
we can find in other publications for the same author) then the advice is to use
Doornbos, M. (Note: Do not use an extra space between initials.)

In every case, follow the author's preference for how his/her name is to be noted.


Manually entering author names in RefWorks

In the Author field of a record, author names should be entered as follows: surname,
followed by a comma, first name (or first initial followed by a period), and middle
initial followed by a period. Each entry must be separated by a semi-colon.

For example:
Saith, Ashwani; Mooij, Jos; Jansen, Karel etc. or
Saith, A.; Mooij, J.; Jansen, K.

Choose 'first name' or 'initial' according to how it is displayed in the publication.

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If there is no author listed, find the institutional author (World Bank Group, United
Nations Development Programme, etc.) or leave the Author field empty.

Note: RefWorks formats author names correctly when importing data from a predefined
import filter. However there are cases in which records are imported from a database
using all capitals for the author names. Correct this manually in the RefWorks record.
(Example: GASPER, DES should become Gasper, Des.)
Year of publication
After the authors/editors, the year of publication is provided between round brackets
(parentheses). No commas should be inserted before or after the year within parentheses.
Example:
Stecher, B.M. and W.A. Davis (1992) How to Focus an Evaluation.
Beverly Hills: Sage.
Doornbos, M., L. Cliffe, A.G.M. Ahmed and J. Markakis (eds) (1992) Beyond
Conflict in the Horn. London: James Currey.

Note that (ed.) or (eds) are within a separate set of round brackets preceding the year of
publication. There should be a space between these two sets of brackets.
Title
Book and journal titles are set apart by italics in Harvard-ISS style.
(These two types of titles are independent, i.e., they stand by themselves and are not
derived from a series.)

Titles of chapters and titles of articles are given in single quotation marks.

Titles are formatted by RefWorks in the title case which, simply put, means that the first
word and all the main words in a title should have initial capitals, and all the 'joining'
words should be left in lower case, e.g.:
A Handbook of Critical Approaches to Literature.

The rules for capitalization in title case, are:
Always capitalize the first word.
Capitalize all nouns, pronouns, adjectives, verbs, adverbs, and subordinate
conjunctions (as, because, although).
Use the lowercase for all articles, coordinate conjunctions (and, or, nor), and
prepositions (of, to) regardless of length, when they are other than the first
word.
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Special cases
Readers / anthologies
Aside from rules that apply to cases of multi-authored sources, there are
also rules for chapters or articles which may have been published earlier and
re-printed (and even updated) for the purpose of a book. The book may be a compilation
of publications on a particular topic, which the author or authors have published at a
prior date to the publication date of the book. Examples of such books are readers and
anthologies.

A book with contributions from several sources has two levels of bibliographical data:

1. The reference information on the chapter, article or book section with, where
applicable, original publication year.

2. The reference information on the book as a new complete work.

The first piece of information is relevant to the reader to identify the year in which the
original research was published and where it was published (if and when identified by the
publication). The second piece of information can be considered a normal reference.

So your reference may look like this:

Rich, Adrienne (1978) Living Sun, in N. Sullivan (comp.) The Treasury of American
Poetry. New York: Guild America.

If the chapter is a reprint this is also reflected:

Ryan, W.F. (1993) The Genesis of the Techno-Thriller, Virginia Quarterly Review
69(1): 24-40. Rpt. in Contemporary Literacy Criticism 112: 61-67 (1999).

Note that if you have consulted a reprint (i.e., an unrevised, re-publication of a book or
article in its original form), you would use the publication year of the original publication,
not of the reprint. Reprints are identified by the abbreviation Rpt. in or text reprinted
in.

More complications may arise if the book editor and/or author have changed the title of
the original publication. You then start with the new title and publication details first,
followed by Rpt. of (for reprint of), followed by the original title and publication
information.
Unpublished (field/lecture) notes and interviews
As an author, you can make use of (your own) notes and interviews that have not yet
been published and cite them in the text (i.e., as an in-text citation). It is customary not
to include these in your list of references, although if you consider it handy or useful to
list them, you may certainly do so. A footnote or endnote may be added to your in-text
citation, if it is necessary to explain relevant characteristics, conditions or details that are
important for understanding the cited data.

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When you refer to an interview that is published in a journal, online magazine or
newspaper, you deal with it as a normal reference. We recommend the sequence that
Neville (2007: 144) suggests:

name of the person interviewed,
year of interview,
title of the interview,
explanation,
interviewers name,
title of the publication (italicized) and
publication details.

Example:

Bayat, A. (2007) Slums, Informality and Politics. Interview with Professor Asef
Bayat, interview on the occasion of the 55
th
ISS anniversary by Helen
Hintjens and Kristin Komives, DevISSues 9(2): 4-6.

Electronic or online references
For all information retrieved online, your reference should include the URL of the website
used, the date of retrieval (day-month-year), the source of the information, and other
relevant identifiers.

In general, you will find the name of a website on the title bar at the top of your
Internet browser. Note that when you do a search on a search engine, your search terms
will be displayed in the title bar when the search engine displays the results of a search.
This is not the name of the website.

Sources from the web without a title or author: Use the title on in the title bar at the top of the
page as the title of your reference. The web publisher could be considered the author and
this should also be traceable on the home page of the site or in the 'About' page. Then
the URL would be the exact location on the web which should be followed by the date
of access.

Should your work involve mainly a variety of online resources such as online
newspapers, web pages, electronic databases, web video, e-books, wikis, weblogs and
podcasts then you may also want to consult one of the many guides for Harvard
Referencing for electronic sources (e.g., The Learning Centre, 2005-2009).
Non-English author names
See Section 4 below.
Non-English titles
The original title first (properly formatted, i.e., italics for book title, etc.) followed by the
English translation within parentheses (also properly formatted).
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Acronyms/abbreviations
Names of organizations and such should be spelled out in full and followed by the
acronym within parentheses.
Example: United Nations (UN) (2006) Annual Report. Geneva: UN.

For non-English institutional names, spell out the original name for spellings using the Roman
alphabet, providing a translation if the reader might not understand. This approach
works well with organizations whose acronyms are well known; e.g., Comit Consultatif
International de Tlgraphique et Tlphonique (CCITT), using a translation
(International Consultative Committee for Telegraphy and Telephony) followed by the
acronym could confuse some readers. This same guideline applies to university names. In
some cases, the non-English acronym is well known and always associated with the
English translation. An example is the European Center for Nuclear Research, which is
widely known by its French acronym CERN.
6


6
IEEE Computer Society Style Guide, accessed 23 Sept. 2010
<http://www.computer.org/portal/web/publications/
style_nonenglish>.
Appendix 1: Reference Types as used in the Harvard-ISS Output Style

In-Text Example References List Example Reference
Type (in
Refworks

)
Remarks
Books

Single author The theory was first
propounded in 1993
(Comfort 1997: 58)
OR
Comfort (1997: 58)
claimed that
Comfort, A. (1997) A Good Age. London: Mitchell
Beazley.
Book, Whole Book title in title case (see p. 7 above).
2 authors Madden and Hogan (1997:
17).
Madden, R. and T. Hogan (1997) The Definition of
Disability in Australia: Moving Towards National
Consistency. Canberra: Australian Institute of
Health and Welfare.
Book, Whole Book title in title case.
Full author names okay. First author:
initials after surname separated by a
comma; other authors: initials before
surname.
3 or more authors Guerin et al. (2005: 6)
found
Guerin, W.L., E. Labor, L. Morgan, J.C. Reesman and
J.R. Willingham (2005) A Handbook of Critical
Approaches to Literature. New York: Oxford
University Press.
Book, Whole In text always use first author + et al. (not
italicized and with a full stop after al.).
No extra space between initials.
Book title in title case.
Full author names okay.
Organization as author (IMF 2000: 86) IMF (2000) International Financial Statistics Yearbook.
Washington, DC: International Monetary Fund.
Book, Whole In author field, use acronym; in publisher
field spell out.
No author (Employment the Professional
Way 2000)
OR
the book Employment the
Professional Way (2000)
Employment the Professional Way: A Guide to Understanding
the Australian Job Search Process for Professionally
Qualified Migrants (2000) Carlton, Victoria:
Australian Multicultural Foundation.
Book, Whole

Multiple works by same
author
University research
(Brown 1982, 1988) has
indicated that
Brown, P. (1988) The Effects of Anchor on Corals.
Rockhampton: Central Queensland University.
Brown, P. (1982) Corals in the Capricorn Group.
Rockhampton: Central Queensland University.
Book, Whole Order chronologically with most recent
above.
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In-Text Example References List Example Reference
Type (in
Refworks

)
Remarks
Multiple works
published in the same
year by the same author
In recent reports (Napier
1993a, 1993b)
Napier, A. (1993a) Fatal Storm. Sydney: Allen &
Unwin.
Napier, A. (1993b) Survival at Sea. Sydney: Allen &
Unwin.
Book, Whole Use a/b etc. to differentiate between
works in same year. Next order
alphabetically by title. When the author
has written publications with other
authors as well, these follow the single
authored works
Editor (Kastenbaum 1993: 51) Kastenbaum, R. (ed.) (1993) Encyclopedia of Adult
Development. Phoenix, AZ: Oryx Press.
Book, Edited No (ed.) in in-text citation.
2 editors (King and McGrath 1999) King, K. and S. McGrath (eds) (2006) Enterprise in
Africa. London: Intermediate Technology
Publications.
Book, Edited No (eds) in in-text citation.
No full stop after eds.
Multiple publishers (Chabal and Daloz 1999) Chabal, P. and J.-P. Daloz (1999) Africa Works:
Disorder as Political Instrument. Oxford: James
Currey; Bloomington, IN: Indiana University
Press.
Book, Whole Publishers are separated by a semi-colon.
Encyclopedia or
Dictionary
The New Grove Dictionary of
Music and Musicians (1980:
85) defined it as
Sadie, S. (ed.) (1980) The New Grove Dictionary of Music
and Musicians (6th edn, vols 120). London:
Macmillan.
Generic Volumes are indicated as vols no full
stop.
Chapter in a book As discussed by Blaxter
(1976)

Religion, as ter Haar
(2005) examines..
Blaxter, M. (1976) Social Class and Health
Inequalities, in C. Carter and J. Peel (eds)
Equalities and Inequalities in Health, pp. 12035.
London: Academic Press.
Gerrie ter Haar (2005) 'Religion: Source of Conflict or
Resource for Peace?', in Gerrie ter Haar and J.J.
Busuttil (eds) Bridge or barrier : religion, violence and
visions for peace, pp. 3-34. Leiden: Brill.
Book, Section Note: in this example the author of the
chapter and the editors are different
persons.

In this example the author of the chapter
is also co-editor of the book.
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ISS Referencing 2012

In-Text Example References List Example Reference
Type (in
Refworks

)
Remarks
Chapter in a book
no author
(Solving the Y2K
Problem 1997)
Solving the Y2K Problem (1997) in D. Bowd (ed.)
Technology Today and Tomorrow, pp. 2731. New
York: Van Nostrand Reinhold.
Book Section

Brochure (Research and Training
Centre 1993: 2)
Research and Training Centre (1993) Guidelines for
Reporting and Writing about People with
Disabilities (4th edn). Melbourne: Research and
Training Centre on Independent Living
(brochure).
Book, Whole,
Electronic
In author field, use acronym if applicable;
in publisher field spell out.
You will need to manually type (brochure)
at the end of the reference.
E-book (Pettinger 2002: 45) Pettinger, R. (2002) Global Organizations. Oxford:
Capstone Publishing. NetLibrary database.
Accessed 28 September 2004.
Electronic
Book
Include URL if available.
Thesis (Borras 2004) Borras, S.M. (2004) Rethinking Redistributive Land
Reform: Struggles for Land and Power in the
Philippines, PhD thesis. The Hague: Institute of
Social Studies.
Dissertation/
Thesis

Working paper (Borras 1998) Borras, S.M. (1998) The Bibingka Strategy to Land
Reform and Implementation: Autonomous
Peasant Mobilisations and State Reformists in the
Philippines, ISS Working Paper General Series
No. 274. The Hague: Institute of Social Studies.
Report

Conference paper (Cutler et al. 1997)
OR
As discussed by Cutler et
al. (1997)
Cutler, L.D., B. Frolich and P. Hanrahan (1997) Two-
handed Direct Manipulation on the Responsive
Workbench, paper presented at the Symposium
on Interactive 3D Graphics, Stanford, CA (16
January).
Conference
Proceedings

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In-Text Example Reference List Example Reference
Type (in
Refworks

)
Remarks
Image in a book The poster The 3 dark
years (Sexton 2005: 184)
Sexton, M. (2005) The Great Crash: The Short Life and
Sudden Death of the Whitlam Government. Melbourne:
Scribe Publications.
Book, Whole

Print Journals

Article As mentioned by Wharton
(1996)
OR
when abseiling
(Wharton 1996: 8).
Wharton, N. (1996) Health and Safety in Outdoor
Activity Centres, Journal of Adventure Education and
Outdoor Leadership 12(4): 89.
Journal
Article
Article title and journal title both in title
case.
Article no author Its a growing problem in
the UK (Anorexia
Nervosa 1969)
Anorexia Nervosa (1969) British Medical Journal 1:
52930.
Journal
Article

Newspaper article (Towers 2000) Towers, K. (2000) Doctor not at Fault: Coroner, The
Australian 18 January, p. 3.
Newspaper
Article
No year necessary after month.
Newspaper name italicized.
Newspaper article no
author
(Sydney Morning Herald
2005)
Sydney Morning Herald (2005) Rate Rise Scares New
Home Buyers Away, 29 April, p. 35.
Newspaper
Article
No year necessary after month.
Press release (Watersmith 2000) Watersmith, C. (2000) BHP enters new era.
Melbourne: BHP Limited (press release, 1 March).
Report
Electronic Journals

Full text from an
electronic database
(Madden 2002)
OR
As Madden (2002)
states
Madden, G. (2002) Internet Economics and Policy:
An Australian Perspective, Economic Record 78:
34358. ABI/INFORM Global database.
Accessed 8 May 2009 <http://www.vnulib.edu.
vn/ %20dan_harvard.pdf>.
Journal,
Electronic

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In-Text Example Reference List Example Reference
Type (in
Refworks

)
Remarks
Full text from Internet (International Narcotics
Control Board 1999)
International Narcotics Control Board (1999) United
Nations, Vienna, accessed 1 October 1999
<http://www.incb.org>.
Web Page

Article from a database
in CD-ROM format
(BPO)
(La Rosa 1992) La Rosa, S.M. (1992) Marketing Slays the Downsizing
Dragon, Information Today 9(3): 589. UMI
Business Periodicals Ondisc database. (CD-ROM)
Journal,
Electronic

World Wide Web

Document on WWW Its essential you learn
how to reference
(Dawson et al. 2002).
Dawson, J., L. Smith, K. Deubert and S. Grey-Smith
(2002) S Trek 6: Referencing, not Plagiarism.
Accessed 31 October 2002
<http://studytrekk.lis.curtin.edu.au/>.
Web Page

Document on WWW
No author
(Leafy Seadragons 2001) Leafy Seadragons and Weedy Seadragons (2001)
Accessed 13 November 2002
<http://www.windspeed.net.au/~jenny/
seadragons/>.
Web Page

Document on WWW
No date
(Royal Institute of British
Architects, n.d.)
Royal Institute of British Architects (n.d.) Shaping the
Future: Careers in Architecture. Accessed 31 May
2005 <http://www.careersinarchitecture.net/>.
Web Page n.d. in Year.
Image on the web The image of the wasp
(Wasps, Hornets and
Yellowjackets, n.d.)
Wasps, Hornets and Yellowjackets (Image) (n.d.)
Accessed 28 November 2005
<http://www.laters.com/ insects/hornets.
htm>.
Web Page In your references list, type (Image)
manually after the title.
Page 18 of 33
ISS Referencing 2012


In-Text Example Reference List Example Reference
Type (in
Refworks

)
Remarks
Government
Publications

Acts of Parliament
(including bills)
The Commonwealths
Copyright Act 1968
Essential elements: Short Title of Act Year (Jurisdiction),
section
E.g.: Copyright Act 1968 (Cwlth), s. 348.
Bills/
Resolutions
If legislation is obtained from an elec-
tronic database, add the date of access
as for electronic journal articles.
Legal Rules &
Government regulations
(Ministry of Employment
and immigration,
Government of Alberta
2005)
Ministry for Employment and Immigration, Government of
Alberta (2005) 'Alberta Regulation 241/81. Architects
Act. Education and Training Regulation'. Accessed 6
May 2009 <http://www.qp.alberta.ca/570.cfm>.
Laws/
Statutes

Case (The State of New South
Wales v. The
Commonwealth 1915)
The State of New South Wales v. The Commonwealth (1915) 20
CLR 5.
Case/Court
Decisions

Report (Australian Bureau of
Statistics 1999)
Australian Bureau of Statistics (1999) Disability, Ageing and
Carers: Summary of Findings (No. 4430.0). Canberra,
ACT: Australian Bureau of Statistics.
Report

Census Information (Australian Bureau of
Statistics 2006)
Australian Bureau of Statistics (2001) Census Data by
Location Sydney, Household Characteristics, Latest
ISSUE Released at 9:30 AM (CANBERRA TIME)
27/6/2007 LOCATION CODE: 105 STATE: NSW.
Accessed 6 May 2009 <http://www.censusdata.abs.gov.
au/ABSNavigation/download?.[...]Residence&areacode
=105>.
Report

Government Report

(Resource Assessment
Commission 1991)
Resource Assessment Commission (1991) Forest and
Timber Enquiry: Draft Report (No. 1). Canberra, ACT:
Australian Government Publishing Service.
Report

Page 19 of 33
ISS Referencing 2012

In-Text Example Reference List Example Reference
Type (in
Refworks

)
Remarks
Patent U.S. Patent No. 4554399
(1985)
Cookson, A.H. (1985) Particle Trap for Compressed Gas
Insulated Transmission System. US Patent 4554399.
Patent

Secondary Sources

Citation of a
citation in a book
including neuralgia
(Carini and Hogan, as
cited in Thibodeau and
Patton 2002: 45)
OR
Carini and Hogans study
(as cited in Thibodeau
and Patton, 2002: 45)
Thibodeau, G.A. and K.T. Patton (eds) (2002) The Human
Body in Health and Disease. St Louis, MO: Mosby.
Book,
Whole
Record the book that you actually
sourced.

Carini and Hogan will need to be
added manually in the in-text citation
using the edit citation function of
Write-N-Cite.
Citation of a citation in a
journal article
Carini and Hogans study
(as cited in Patton, 2002)
OR
origins of neuralgia
(Carini and Hogan, as
cited in Patton 2002:
2154)
Patton, K.T. (2002) Neuralgia and Headaches, Science 400:
21535.

Journal
Article
Record the journal that you actually
sourced.
Carini and Hogan will need to be
added manually in the in-text citation
using the edit citation function of
Write-N-Cite.
Other Sources
Personal communication,
e-mail and discussion lists
with no web archive
It was confirmed that an
outbreak occurred in
London (S. Savieri,
personal communication,
24 April 1999).
Not included in reference list as they cannot be traced by the
reader.
Personal
Communi-
cation

Page 20 of 33
ISS Referencing 2012


In-Text Example Reference List Example Reference
Type (in
Refworks

)
Remarks
Field notes and
unpublished
interviews
(Misa 2009, personal interview)
In footnote:
Personal interview with J. Misa on
formatting PhD theses, at the
Institute of Social Studies, The
Hague, 20 January 2009.
Not included in reference list since they cannot be
traced by the reader.
Unpublishe
d Material
Type in the in-text citation as this is
not included in the references list.
Consult research paper supervisor on
whether these should be presented in
appendix in justification of research
findings discussed in paper.
Films and video
recordings
(You Can Count on Me 2000) You Can Count on Me (2000) M. Scorsese (producer) and
K. Lonergan (director). Motion picture. Los
Angeles: Paramount Pictures.
Motion
Picture

Television and radio
programmes
(The MacNeil/Lehrer News Hour
1993)
The MacNeil/Lehrer News Hour (1993) L. Crystal
(executive producer). Television broadcast, 11
October. New York and Washington, DC: Public
Broadcasting Service.
Sound
Recording

Podcast (Seega & Swan 2005) Adult ADHD (2005) B. Seega (producer). Podcast
radio programme, 28 November. Sydney: ABC
Radio National. http://www.abc.net.au/rn/
talks/8.30/helthrpt/ (accessed 29 November 2005)
Sound
Recording

Computer Software (Miller 1993) Miller, M.E. (1993) The Interactive Tester (Version
4.0), Computer software. Westminster, CA: Psytek
Services.
Computer
Program

ERIC document
(microfiche)
Davis and Lombardi (1996) put
forward the proposal that
Davis, R.K. and T.P. Lombardi (1996) The Quality of
Life of Rural High School Special Education
Graduates, in Rural Goals 2000: Building
Programs that Work. ERIC Document No.
ED394765 (microfiche).
Generic

Page 21 of 33
ISS Referencing 2012


In-Text Example Reference List Example Reference
Type (in
Refworks

)
Remarks
E-mail discussion list
web archive
(Little 2002) Little, L. (2002) Two New Policy Briefs. Message
posted to ECPOLICY electronic mailing list (16
April). Archived at <http://www.askeric.org/
Virtual
Listserv_Archives/ECPOLICY/2002/Apr_2002/
Msg00003.html>.
Web Page

Page 22 of 33
ISS Referencing 2012
Appendix 2: Information Required per Reference Type
Journal articles
Author (year) Article title, Journal volume number (issue no.): pages.
Example:
Helleiner, Eric (2006) Reinterpreting Bretton Woods: International Development and the Neglected
Origins of Embedded Liberalism, Development and Change 37(5): 94367.
Books
Author (year) Title. Place of publication: Publisher.
Examples:
Mosse, D. (2005) Cultivating Development: An Ethnography of Aid Policy and Practice. London: Pluto Press.
Watson, S. and K. Gibson (eds) (1995) Postmodern Cities and Spaces. Oxford and Cambridge, MA:
Blackwell.
Book chapters
Author (year) Chapter title, in book author(s) Book Title, page numbers. Place of publication:
Publisher.
Example:
Elson, D. (1996) Appraising Recent Developments in the World Market for Nimble Fingers, in A.
Chhachhi and R. Pittin (eds) Confronting State, Capital and Patriarchy, pp. 3555. Basingstoke and
London: Macmillan Press; New York: St Martin's Press.
Conference papers
Author (year) Paper title. Paper presented at Conference name, place (date).
Examples:
Kane P. (1983) The Single Child Family in China: Urban Policies and their Effects on the One-Child
Family. Paper presented at the International Workshop, Contemporary China Centre, Oxford
(1718 March).
Huber, E. (2000) Social Policy and Development: Notes on Social Security and Pensions Systems.
Paper prepared for the UNRISD Conference on Social Policy in a Development Context,
Tammsvik (2324 September).
Dissertations
Author (year) Dissertation title. Type of dissertation, Awarding institution, Place.
Example:
Srinivasan, Sharada (2006) Development, Discrimination and Survival. Daughter Elimination in Tamil
Nadu, India. PhD dissertation, Institute of Social Studies, The Hague.
Page 23 of 33
ISS Referencing 2012
Discussion/Working papers
Author (year) Paper title. Paper series and paper no. Place of publication: Publisher.
Example:
Cornwall, A (2002) Making Spaces, Changing Places: Situating Participation in Development. IDS
Working Paper 170. Brighton: Institute of Development Studies.
Online resources
NB: always indicate the date that the source was accessed, as online resources are frequently updated
or removed.
Author (year) Title, Description. Accessed on date < URL>.
Examples:
Sopensky, E. (2002) Ice Rink Becomes Hot Business, Austin Business Journal. Accessed 16 October
2004 <http://www.bizjournals.com/austin/stories/2002/10/14/smallb1.html>.
Galtung, J. (2003) Rethinking Conflict: The Cultural Approach. Speech delivered at the Informal
Meeting of the European Ministers Responsible for Cultural Affairs, Council of Europe,
Strasbourg (1718 February). Accessed 8 August 2006 <www.coe.int/T/E/Cultural_
Co-operation/>.
Esping-Andersen, G., D. Gallie, A. Hemerijck and J. Myles (2001) A New Welfare Architecture for
Europe?, Report submitted to the Belgian Presidency of the European Union. Accessed 31
December 2002 <http://www.socsci.auc.dk/ccws/studenzs/Esping-A.report_2001.PDF>.
Unpublished papers
Author (year) Paper title. Description. Source.
Examples:
Waithanji, E. (1999) The Role of Community in Improving Animal Health Service Delivery in Rumbek
County: Community Leaders. Unpublished report of Oxfam workshop, Rumbek town, Southern
Sudan (2628 April).
White, B. (2001) Development Studies Journals and the Digital Future. The Hague: Institute of Social
Studies (mimeo).
Page 24 of 33
ISS Referencing 2012
Appendix 3: Non-English Author Names
From Bcking, W. and H. Hardenbol (1992) Guidelines for Bibliographic Description of Monographs in the ISS
Library, pp. 43-54. The Hague: Institute of Social Studies.












Annex 3
ANNEX 3
NAMES OF PERSONS
]n many languages there are special rules for determining which part of the name should be
considered the entry element. For example, some surnames are made up of more than one
word (called compound surnames). Some are preceded by prefixes such as de, la, von, der, etc.
In some languases, there are no surnames. In others there is a mixture of traditional and
modern forms of name.
If your documeDtation centre collects documents written by authors from a wide variety of
countries, you will need to follow the guidelines in chapter 22 of AACR2,- supplemented by
the guidelines in Names of Persons; national usnes for entry in catalQgues, third edition
(London, IFLA International Office for UBC, 1977) and Supplement to Names of Persons;
national usages for entry in catalogues (London, IFLA lntcrnational Office for UBC, 1980).
This work, compiled by the International Federation of library Associations and Institutions,
Office for UBC (Universal Bibliographic Control), presents the national practices for form of
names of persons, based on information provided by the nalional cataloguing authority in each
country.
The remainder of this section gives a brief description of the special rules for the kinds of
modern names that you are likel y to encounter. They are based on the rules in AACR2 and
Names of Persons. The examples for each country or language show the way the name should
be entered in the cataloguing record.
Regardless of the rules that follow, if it is known that a person cites himself or herself in a
particular way, this way should be used for entry in the bibliographic record.
Europrao Names
In European names, the surname is the last element (or elements, if it is a compound surname),
Compound surnames are often joined by a hyphen. Hyphenated names are never separated.
a) Enter surnames beginning with the prefix Ver under that prefix.
-
Ver Huell. Carel
AARC2 Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules, 2nd ed.
44
Annex 3
b) Enter Dutch surnames beginning with other prefixes under the part of the name
following the prefilt .
Bergh, George van den
Brink, Jan ten
c) Enter names of foreign origin following the rules for the particular language.
Du Perron, E.
d) Note that the practice in the Belgian national bibliography for Flemish (i.e. Dutch)
names is to enter all surnames beginning with a prefix under the prefix.
Op de Beck, Leo
e) Note that In S2.!tlh Africa, Afrikaans names beginning with a prefix are entered
under the prefix.
Van der Merwe, Paul
ED!;:lish
a) Enter compound surnames under the first part of the compound.
St . John, Henry
Bonham Carter, Mark
Note. however. that, especially in the United States, a name resembling a surname
is sometimes used as one of the forenames, and this should not be treated as part of
the surname.
Kennedy, John Fitzgerald
b) Enter all surnames beginning with a prefix under the prefix.
French
De la Mare, Walter
Van Buren, Martin
a) Enter compound surnames under the first part of the compound.
Pasteur Louis
b) Enter surnames beginning with the preposition -de- under the part following the
preposition.
Beauvoir. Simone de
La Fontaine, Jean de












Annex 3
c) Enter surnames beginning with olher prefixes (Du, Des, Le, La, etc.) under the
prefix..
German
Des Granges, Charles-Marc
Le Cordier, Roland
a) Enter a compound surname under the first part of the compound.
Meyer-Altona, Ernst
Meyer zu Selhausen, Hermann
b) When a surname begins with a prefix that consists only of a preposition (e.g. von)
or only of an article and preposition not joined tOlether (e.g. von der), enter under
the part following the prefix.
Hagen, Friedrich von der
Schack, Adolf von
c) When the surname begins with a prefix that is a preposition combined with an
article (e.g. Zum, ZUf, Am, Vom), enter the name under that prefix.
Am Rhyn, August
Vom Ende, Erich
Zum Berge, Werner von
a) Enter compound surnames under the first part of the compound.
Lensi Orlandi, Giulio
b) Enter surnames beginning with a prefix under the prefix.
Oi Giacomo. Salvatore
Portuguese
a) Enler a compound surname under the lait part of the compound.
=-
Castro, Anlonio Pires de
Silva. Mauricio Rocha e
G
-
1.--<-'>'':' ' ' '' ' :'
Annex 3
b} However. if the compound surname consists of I phrase made up of words that are
not surnames, enter the name under the first word in the phrase.
Espirito Santo. Humberto
Note that words showing relationship. such as Filbo, Neto, Junior, Sobrinho. are
retained after a surname.
Castro Sobrinho, Antonio Ribeiro de
c) A simple surname beginning with a prefix is entered under the part following the
prefix.
Fonseca. Martinho Augusto da
Spanish
a) Spanish compound surnames usually consist of the father's name followed by the
mother's name. A married woman's surname may include these elements followed
by the preposition -de" and her husband"s surname. Enter compound surnames
under the first part of the compound.
Rodriguez Marin, Francisco
Menendez y Pelayo, Marcelino
Torres Garcia de Urbina, Elena
b) Enter a surname beginning with a prefix consisting of only an article (e.g. Las)
under the article.
Las Heras, Manuel
c) Enter a surname beginning with a preposition or a preposition and an article (e.g.
de or de la) under the part of the name following the prefix.
Vega, Francisco de la
Pereda, Jose Maria de
d} Note that Spanish authors sometimes give only the initial of the last part of their
surname. If it is not possible to determine the fuJI form of the name, enter it in the
form found on the document,
Isaza V" Guillermo
Swedish. Norwegian and Danish
a) Enter surnames beginning with a prefix of Germanic origin (e,g, von, der. af)
under the part following the prefix,
Geijerstam, Gustav af
Recke. Ernest von der












Annex 3
b) Enter surnames beginning with other kinds of prefix (e.g. de, Ja) under the prefix.
De la Gardle, Magnus Gabriel
De Besche, Per
c) Enter Swedjsh compound surnames under the first part of the compound.
Natt pcb Dag, Anna Stina
d) Enter Norwegian compound surnames under the second part of the compound,
unless the parts are linked by a hyphen.
Johansen, Nils Smith
Lykke-Seest, Hans
e) Enter Danish compound surnames under the second part of the compound unless
the parts are linked by a hyphen or a preposition.
Exception: If the second part of the name is Moller or a name ending In -sen, enter
under the first part of the compound.
African N.IDfS
Blicher, Steen Sleensen
Friis Moller. Kai
Storm Petersen, Roben
Botswana
The last name is always the surname.
Pule, Tebaga Kagisa
Burundj
Enter under last part of name, which can also be a hyphenated compound.
Hatungimana, Emile
Vyanka-Ndondera. CyriaQue
Camergon
Enter under patronymic. Forenames are usually of western or islamic origin.
Mey,Ousmane
Makang Ma Mbock, Mathias
47
48
Annex 3
Ethiopia
Enler under Urn part of name. in direct order.
Ermias Kebreab
The Gambia
Enter under patronymic, which is often the last element. but Dot always.
Badian. Seydou N'jie
Ghana
Enter under surname, which is the last element in the name. Enter compound
surnames under the first part of the compound. Enter surnames beginning with a
prefix under the prefix.
Obeng, Daniel
Dua-Agyemang, K weku
Da Rocha, Daniel Kojo
Ivory Coast
Enler under patronymic, usually the fir11 element of the name.
Kenya
Assouan, Akassiba
Amoikon, Aka N'da
a) Afroasiatic group of languages (Somali, Borana, etc.) Enter under the fint part of
the name in direct order.
Yusuf Hassan
A mina Inan Ali
Zubeida Binti Ali Gumbis
b) Bantu group of languages. Enter under the last element of the name.
Musau, Munyao wa
Mula, James Musau Munyao
c) Kalenjin; Luo. Enter under the lasl element of the Dame.
Malyo, Arphaxao Kipruto arap
Arap-LeJei. Joel Richard Kibet
Kokwaro, John Ongaya












Annex 3
d) Pokot. Enter under the first element of the name in direct order. unless the first
element is a foreign name.
Chenang3 Chepo Kapelion. Ruth
PsereC Endoo, Peter
e) Banjuni sroup of languages (Kiamu and Swahili). Enter under the first element of
the name in direct order.
Athman bin Lali OmaT
Madagascar
Enter under family name, which might be either the first or the last element in the
name.
Malawj
Rabenja. Salomon
Rajemisa-Raolison, Rejis
Enter under surname.
Nigeria
Kambewa Chisale. John F.
Juma, Paul Afiki
Enter under surname, which is the last element in the name.
Senegal
Tutuola. Amos
Edo-Osagie, Joseph
Achebe, Chinua
Tsaro-Wiwa, Kenule
Amaku, Ekpo Nla
8abba-Innar, Abubakar
Enter under patronymic. which is usually the last element in the name, and include
terms of respect, such as "Adjaratou" and "EI Hadl as in the examples.
Samb, Amadou Ndiaye
Ndiaye, Adiardtou Magatle Sail
Diop, EI Hadj Assane
49
so
Annex 3
Tanzania
I ) Names in Western form. Enter under surname. E.nter a surname beginning with a
prefix under prefix. Enter a compound surname under the ln1 element of the
compound.
Nyerere, Julius Kambarage
Mapua, B.B. Ngene wa
Che Kondo, R.K.
Mkwawa, Adam Sapi
b) Islamic and tribal forms. Enter under ii.w. part oC Dame in direct order.
Uganda
Hasani bini Ismail
Kiziku wa Maziku
Enler under surname.
Lwanga, Tucker
John
p'Bitek, Okot
UpDer Voila
Inler under the famil y name, which is the last element in the name.
Zambia
Diallo, Cheik Ousman
Ki-Zerbo, Joseph
Enter under the last part of the name.
Kuanda. Kenneth David
Samusunywa, Samuel
Arabic Names
In general, enter under the last element of the name. Enter B family name beginning
with the prefix AI, EI, Abou, Abun, Abdul, Abdel, Ben or Ibn under the prefix. Note
that the phrase El-Din (or ai-Din) is not a prefix but 1 suffix that may follow either
1 forename of a family name.
AI' Akkad, Abbas Mahmud
AI-Hakkim, Tawfiq
Abdul Hakim, Tahir
Sammud, Nur ai-Din
Sade ai-Din, Muhammad










Asian Names
BaORladesh
As a leneral rule, enter under the last element of the name.
Pasha, Anwar
Chowdhury. Yaqub Ali
Aich. Nirmalchandra
Barua, Rabindra Bijay
Talukdar. Munindra Pdya
Abd-ul-Hai, Muhammad
Annex 3
If the name consists only of a personal name, enter it under the first element in direct
order.
Burma
Abd ul Qadir
Bharatchandra
Enter under the first element of the name in direct order. unless the first element is a
Western for ename. Terms of address such as U, Daw, Ko, Ma, Maung, Bo, Saya, etc.
are entered afler the name, preceded by a comma.
Chinese
Thant, U
Hla Hwn, Maung
Ba Hli , Freddie
Enter under the first element of the name in direct order (e.g. Lee Hon-Iing). Note
that Chinese living abroad or writing for a western audience frequently reverse the
traditional order, (e.g. Hon-ling Lee). When a Western forename is added, enter it
before the traditional forename.
Lee Hon-ling Lr<. f..x, :," l
Wong, William Yuen kwok
a) Punjabi names. Enter under the first element, i.e. the personal name, in direct
order.
Surjit Singh Sethi
Trilok Singh
51
52
. ,
Annex 3
b) Other names. When parts of the name have been reduced to initials, enter under
the pari of the name written in full. If il is not possible to establish which part of
the Dime should be the entry element, enter under the lasl pari of the name.
Rao, V.K.P.
Ramaswamy Ayyar, C.P.
Bose, Subhash Chandra
Gandhi, Mohandas Karamchand
Indonesia
a) Enter names containing terms of relationship such as bin, biate, binti, ibni, under
the first element, in direct order.
Abdullah bin Nuh
b) Enter other names under the last element of the name.
Jusuf, Anwar
Nasution, Amir Taat
Suwondo-Surasno, Nani
Enter under ramil y name. Japanese authors writing in a language other Ihan Japanese
place their famil y name as the last element in the name.
Sakai , M.ichio
Takamure, Itsue
Enter under the fir.ll element, in direct order.
Kim Pu-sik
Malaysia
In general, enter Malay names under the first element of the name in direct order.
However, if it is known that the person treats another element of the name as the
surname, treat that part as the entry element.
Hassan bin Abdul Majid
Falimah Husain
Bunggan. A.L.
Merican, Faridah












Pakin
an
In genenl, enter under the last pari of the name.
Chaudhri. Anwarul Haque
Husayn, Muhammad
Annex 3
However, names consisting of two personal names, of which the first is not
Muhammad, or a variant form of Muhammad. are entered under the first name in
direct order,
Hazrat Ali
Philippines
Enter Philippine surnames beginning with a prefix under the prefix. Enter compound
surnames under the first part of the compound.
De 13 Costa, Horacia
Pe Benito, Pedro
Sri Lanka
a) Sinhalese. As a general rule, enter under the last element of the name. Enter
surnames beginning with a prefix under prefix. When tbe last element of the Dame
is preceded by a name of Western origin. thus making a compound surname, enter
under the first element of the compound.
WelikaJa. Ratne
De Mel, Lal Premnath
De Silva Guneratne, D.F.
However, some names consist of only personal names, and these are entered under
the first element in direct order.
Tilak Kusum
b) Tamil. If the name contains a surname of Western origin, enter under the surname,
Fernando, Mark Joseph
Otherwise, enter under the personal name which is often, but not always, the first
element of the name. Include honorific titles such as -Navalar- and
-Kalaippulavar .
Thailand
Gnanaprakasar, Nallur
Navaratnam, Kalaippulavar K.
Arumuga Navalar
Enter under personal name, which is the fiw. element in the name, in direct order.
Nilawan Pinthong
Maria Laosunthara
53
54
Annex 3
vietnam
Enter under the ln1 element in the name, which is the personal name. (Note that the
first element is the family name, but Ihis is not used as the entry element .)
Thi, Nguyen Dinh
Page 33 of 33
ISS Referencing 2012
References
Bcking, W. and H. Hardenbol (1992) Guidelines for Bibliographic Description of Monographs in the ISS
Library, pp. 43-54. The Hague: Institute of Social Studies.
IEEE Computer Society Style Guide (2010) Non-English Words and Phrases, http://www.
computer.org/portal/web/publications/style_nonenglish, accessed 23 Sept. 2010)
Library and Information Service, Curtin University of Technology (2007) Harvard Referencing 2007,
<http://library.curtin.edu.au/referencing/harvard.pdf>.
Neville, C. (2007) The Complete Guide to Referencing and Avoiding Plagiarism. Maidenhead; New York: Open
University Press.
Pears, R. and G. Shields (2008) Cite Them Right. The essential referencing guide. Wickem; Newcastle upon
Tyne: Pear Tree Books.
The Learning Centre, University of New South Wales (UNSW) (2005-2009) Harvard Referencing for
Electronic Sources. Accessed 3 February 2009 <http://www.lc.unsw.edu.au/onlib/ref_elec2.
html#elec17>.