CAREER PATTERN AND CAREER CONTIGENCIES OF WOMEN HOCKEY PLAYERS: AN OCCUPATIONAL ANALYSIS

Inderpreet Kaur Nanda, Assistant Professor, S.G.T.B. Khalsa College, University of Delhi Rajshree Pandey, Research Scholar, Department of Physical Education, University of Delhi Dr. Sarita Tyagi, Associate Professor, I. G. I. P. E. S. S, University of Delhi.

Abstract Actively searching for right career is the sense of discretion which is used in taking most of the decisions of the life which involves self exploration, career acquisition, worth living and personal & professional development. Many of them who have enjoy their jobs, because the career they have found matched their interest, needs & skills. Life changes and career changes go hand in hand, offering the skilled and flexible worker opportunities to use these changes for personal advantages. The purpose of the study is to analyze how the career planning and career pattern varies which further help to analyze the occupational analysis among different section of society with specific reference to women hockey players. For the purpose of the study sixty women hockey players of Delhi was selected as subjects. The subjects were divided into two category i.e. working women hockey players and hockey players who are studying. An self developed opionnaire on Career Patter and Career Contingency was constructed for the selected subjects, keeping in mind the career pattern variables i.e. time in career, mobility, permanence, mission-focus and flexible arrangements. The reliability of Career Patter and Career Contingency opionnaire was 0.72 which is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).The responses was collected and data was analyzed by computing through percentage method and scaling method for item analysis. The findings of the study reveal that all the respondents whether working or studying have more or less same career pattern and they contribute a lot to their sports participation as far as their choice of career is concerned. The working women hockey players were satisfied with their job which is encouraging factor for those who want to pursue career in sports especially in hockey.

Introduction Some people are fortunate enough to just fall into the perfect job. Many of them who have enjoy their jobs, because the career they have found matched their interest, needs & skills. Others may be unhappy with their jobs, because they are working as they need money. Actively searching for right career is the sense of discretion that is used in taking most of the decisions of the life which involves self exploration, career acquisition, worth living and personal & professional development. Career planning is the goal that one desires to achieve in a selected field or occupation, with a well though plan to get there. A career is the work a person does, which can be defined as the sequence of job that an individual has held throughout in his or her working life. Because of
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the many type of work, the pattern of career varies which is nothing but the sequence of jobs undertaken by somebody during his or her working life. A career pattern can be structured in advance as part of career development planning, & may allow for career breaks or career changes. Although changing careers may seem overwhelming to many, which shows that changes are possible and probable. Employment increasingly characterized by sequence of decisions and work/role transitions. Similar sequences of behaviors, experiences and judgments influence ever-changing career pattern. Life changes and career changes go hand in hand, offering the skilled and flexible worker opportunities to use these changes for personal advantages. The purpose of the study is to analyze how the career planning and career pattern varies which further help to analyze the occupational analysis among different section of society with specific reference to women hockey players. The following objectives are set for the study: 1. To access the career pattern among women hockey players who are presently working. 2. To analyze the occupational analysis among working women hockey players.. 3. To access the career contingencies among women hockey players who are presently working and studying respectively. 4. To identify the trends of career awareness.

Procedure & Methodology For the purpose of the study, women hockey players who have participated at different levels and were working with any organization and also those women hockey players who were studying and participating at various levels (i.e. , inter-college, inter-University, nationals , etc.) , were selected as subjects . The study was conducted on a total number of 60 subjects of 18 years of age and above. Scholar has extensively reviewed the literature available on career contingency & career pattern & it was found that following five variables plays a very dominant in understanding the career pattern. An self developed opionnaire on Career Patter and Career Contingency was constructed for the selected subjects, keeping in mind the career pattern variables i.e. time in career, mobility, permanence, mission-focus and flexible arrangements. The reliability of Career Patter and Career Contingency opionnaire was established by test retest method and it was 0.72 which is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed). For the collection of the data for the present study, the responses of women hockey players who had participated at any level in past and now working or left the job and those players who are still playing and studying as well were collected through administering opinionnair on them. For the present study, percentage method and scaling method is used as a statistical tool to analyze the data obtained through administration of the opinionnair.

Results & Discussion After analyzing the data the findings pertaining to different questions have been presented in Table 1 and 2. Table No. 1 A Percentage response Of Working Women & Student to Type-I questions
S.No. Questions Category (Responses in %) Working Women Student Yes No Yes No 100 96.6 3.33

1.

Is / was the education you pursuing/ pursued helpful in choice of your future career/ career? Do you think your educational qualification with sports participation contributed/ supported your choice of career? Does / did your family help/helped you to generate different possibilities and new experiences in your choice of career? Is family interest reflected in your choice of career? Do you feel economic system and social system plays crucial role in deciding a career? Do you think the career you opted makes optimum (best) use of your talent? Are you satisfied with the choice of your career? Do you want to change your job? Do you get opportunities to explore your talent in your job? Is your work values & needs are fulfilled or satisfied in your job? If you are working currently, what part of your job interests you most?

2.

96.6

3.3

93.3

6.6

3.

83.3

16.6

96.66

3.33

4. 5.

53.3 90

46.6 10

70 96.33

30 3.33

6.

100

NA

7. 8. 9. 10.

100 13.3 93.3 93.3

86.6 6.6 6.6

NA NA NA NA

11.

W 53.33

C 3.33

E 43.33

C NA

Note: Total No. of subjects = 60 (30 from each continuum respectively) Type-I questions =Yes or No Responses W- The Work, C- Colleagues, E-Environment

Table No.1 indicates that the Educational qualification of the working women has contributed 100% towards their choice of career. Students also felt that their academic qualification (96.6%) would contribute towards their choice of career. It is concluded that the 96.6% working women and 93.3% students indicates that sports participation had or would support their choice of career. It also seems that the family played an important role in generating possibilities and experiences in choice of career of both working women (83.3%) and students it is (96.6%). It is further concluded that 53.3% of working respondents and 70% of student respondents emphasized the role of family interest in the choice of their career. 90%
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working women and 96.33% student respondents feel that the economic and social system is the important deciding factors in choice of career. 100% of working respondents get opportunities to explore their talent and 100% of them are satisfied with the choice of the career option. It concluded that the 93.33% working hockey players are satisfied with job career and their work values and needs are fulfilled. 86.6% working women do not want to change their job. 93.3% working women gets opportunity to explore their talent in the job. It is concluded that 53.3% working women consider work as a interesting factor in their job, 43.3% consider environment and only 3.33% consider colleagues. It is concluded that 53.3% student interest in work in their job, 33.3% is the environment and only 13.33% interested in colleague.

Table No. 2 A Rank order response Of Working Women & Student to Type-II questions
S.N o Questions What are the factors or reasons for selecting a particular career option? If you have to describe yourself, you would say you are Artistic, Realistic, Investigative, Social, Enterprising or Conventional? You work best in an environment which is Artistic, Realistic, Investigative, Social, Enterprising or Conventional? What do you think can be the reasons for changing the organization/ job? Why do you think you are/would selected for this position a job? What are the factors which led/ can lead to stability in your career? What are the corevalues for completing a particular project?
G

Working Women
AOI EMP C & SR

Category (Responses in Rank) Students

M G AOI EMP C & SR M

1.

2 A

1 R

5 I

3 S E

4 C

2 A

1 R

5 I S

3 E

4 C

2.

3.

A 4

R 3

I 6

S 5

E 2

C 1

A 2

R 1

I 6

S 3

E 4

C 5

4.

EX.

Crt

Chg

W.E

PR

Rcg.

EX

L Crt

Cg

W . E

PR

Rcg.

4
O

1
F

2
D

5
Eng

6
Adp

3
Inn

8
Ex

7
P.P O

8
F

1
D

3
Eng

6 1 8
Eth

7
Adp

2
Inn

5
Ex

4
P.P

5. 6.

8
Rcg

2
Pf

3
G.O

1
K & L

6
Eth

7
Dvt

4
W.B

5
Rcg

3
Pf

2
G . O

6
K & L

7
Dvt

4
W.B

6 K 2

1 S.P 1

4 Exp 4

7 Eth 3

3 K 2

1 S.P 1

4 Exp 3

6 Eth 5

7.

S.Rsp 5

S.Rsp 4

8.

9.

What are the criteria for assigning any particular assignment or project by the authority? What are the corevalues for the flexible arrangements in an organization?

Ex 2

Excl 1

PR 4

H 3

Ex 1

Excl 2

PR 4

H 3

A.T 1

H.B. 4

W.S & L 3

T. S 2

Mb 5

A.T 1

H.B . 5

W.S & L 4

T. S 2

Mb 3

Where : Total No. of subjects = 60 (30 from each continuum respectively)* Type-II questions =Rank Order Responses** G= Growth, AOI= Area of Interest, EMP=Empowerment, C&SR= Confidence & Self Reliance, M=Money A= Artistic, R= Realistic, I= Investigative, S=Social, E=Eneterprising,C=Conventional, EX= Experience, L=Learning, Crt= Creativity, Cg= Change,W.E= Work Environment, PR=Personal, Rcg=Recognition, O= Optimistic, F= Focused D= Determined, Eng=Energetic, Adp= Adaptable, Inn= Innovative Thinking, P.P= Pervious Performance, Pf= Professionalism, G.O= Growth opportunities, K&L= Knowledge & learning, Eth= Work Ethic, Dvt= Diversity, W.B= Work life Balance, S.P= Subject Passion, Exp= Expertise, S.Rsp= Social Responsibility, Ecl= Excellence H= Hierarchy, A.T=Advanced Technology, H.B= Health benefits, W.S&L= Work Schedule& leave, T.S= Technical Suport, Mb=Mobility

Table No.2 indicates that area of interest is factor for selecting career by student and working women and empowerment is the last factor. Students have investigative characteristics and working women have enterprising characteristics as factor as choice of job is concerned. It is concluded that the working women acquire conventional environment and student acquires realistic environment. Growth is the most important factor for switching the job among working women and students. Energetic and focused are the important factors for both working and student respondents as far as selection of a person are concerned for a position in a job. Working women and student both considered professionalism as a foremost factor for stability in a career. Subject passion and knowledge are the most important value for completing a project for both working women and student. It is concluded that as far as criteria for assigning any particular project is concerned excellence is the foremost criteria for working women and for students. Advanced technology and technical support are the important factors for the flexible arrangements in an organization for both working and student respondents.

Conclusions It is concluded that professionalism, money, growth, area of interest, empowerment, work environment and talent exploration are factors which satisfy career decision. Further it was concluded that unprofessionalism, uncooperative environment, lack of opportunity & growth, work life balance, recognition and politics are factors which unsatisfied career decision. The study also revealed that the future mapping or prospect of student respondents was to become physical education and sports expert like coach, physical education teacher, lecturer, gym instructor etc. Only one of the respondent wanted to pursue MBA and another one wanted to go for Engineering. This indicated that majority of the students who have participated in hockey at different levels wanted to choose physical education and sports as a career. Whereas working women who were already working in the field of physical education and sports wanted to work for the development of physical education and sports profession and to achieve further in this field.

Thus in nutshell, all the respondents whether working or studying have more or less same career pattern and they contribute a lot to their sports participation as far as their choice of career is concerned. The working women hockey players were satisfied with their job which is encouraging factor for those who want to pursue career in sports especially in hockey.

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