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Rosalina J. Villaneza, Ph.D. Head, NEPP /MTB-MLE DepED, Central Office Email Add. rosevill62@yahoo.com Cell. No. 09066781626
ANTICIPATION GUIDE
Directions: Put a check mark (/) on the appropriate space for each statement to show if you agree or disagree. Discuss your answers and come up with a response to each item.
AGREE DISAGREE
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2. _______
3. _______
4. _______
5. _______
has taught. Learning theories helps us to understand why certain approaches, practices need to be done and how to develop appropriate learning activities for children in our communities. The schema or background knowledge of the students has nothing to do with the students learning in the classroom. In the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) of Vygotsky, he emphasizes the importance of the teachers or any experts role in the childs realization of his/her full potential. Motivation is the only factor that contributes to learning.
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Directions: Divide the group into 10. Provide each group an activity chart to work on. Have the presentation of outputs after 5 minutes.
Group A On the word THEORY (see attached activity sheet) A.1 Semantic Web A.2 Spider Web A.3 Know What you want to know What you learned (KWL) A.4 Thinking Chart A.5 Frayer Model Group B On the word LEARNING (see attached activity sheet) B. 1 - Semantic Web B. 2 - Spider Web B. 3 - KWL B. 4 - Thinking Chart B. 5 - Frayer Model
Analysis:
1. What can you say about the activity? 2. Did each group able to develop the concept (theory/learning)? 3. How did each group develop the concept?
Activity:
Using the same grouping, have each group work on the activity. 1. Have each group share their experiences on: Group A Something learned successfully. Group B Something they failed to learn. 2. Have them fill in the space provided for in the chart. 3. Have them choose one experience to be shared with the larger group after 10 mins.
Analysis:
Group A - Something learned successfully
Skills learned How did you know What contributed What insights that you develop to your success? have you learned the skill/s? from the experience? What learning theory/ies can be attributed this effect?
What are the classroom implications of all these concepts? How can we make learning happen in the classroom? To what theory/ies of learning can you attribute the success or failure of the activity/task ?
Learning Theories
1. Developmental Learning Theory (Piaget) 2. Schema Theory (Anderson)
in thinking.
R.C. Anderson, a
Transportation
Submarine
Boat
Rocket
Raft
Water
Ship Airplane
Jet Air
Pumpboat
Speedboat
Helicopter
resepcted educational psychologist. views organized knowledge as an elaborate network of abstract mental structures which represents ones understanding of the world.
General Knowledge
it is important to teach Jeep Trycicle Bus general knowledge and Land Truck generic concepts. Multicub Van Taxi generic concepts can explain many different Transportation features of a particular field of study. Rocket Boat Submarine a large proportion of Jet Ship learned difficulties Water Air Raft Airplane can be traced to Pumpboat Speedboat Helicopter insufficient general knowledge, especially in cross-cultural situations.
Making Connections
Jeep Bus Trycicle
Land
Multicub Taxi
Truck Van
Transportation
Submarine
Boat
Rocket
Raft
Water
Ship Airplane
Jet Air
Pumpboat
Speedboat
Helicopter
teachers must help learners to build schemata and to make connections between ideas. Techniques used to strengthen connections: o discussion, songs, role play, illustrations, visual aids, and explanations of how a piece of knowledge applies.
Educational Implications
prior knowledge is essential for the comprehension of new information, teachers either need to; help students build the prerequisite knowledge, or remind them of what they already know before introducing new materials. schemata grow and change as new information is acquired. schema research indicates that abstract concepts are best understood after a foundation of concrete, relevant information has been established.
deep seated schemata are hard to change. An individual will often prefer to live with inconsistencies than to change a deeply-held value or belief.
Characteristics of Schema
Meaningful. Always organized meanifully. Without meaningful connections, important information can be easily lost. Embedded. Each schema is embedded in other schemata and itself contains sub schema. e.g.Transportation schema includes motorbike which is its own schema. Transportation is part of a country infrastructure schema. Changing. Schema change moment by moment as new information is received. Moveable. Schema may also be reorganized when incoming data reveals a need to change or restructure the concept.
Vygotskian Perspectives.........
Vygotdsky believed that all knowledge in socially constructed, a product of dialogue and interaction between thought and speech.
His emphasis on the social nature of learning complements Piagets theory of the individual passing through stages of cognitive development in a set of sequence.
Application
Formulate a teaching principle which you can apply when you go back to your school based on the four theories of learning.