De La Salle University - Dasmarias

BIOLOGY PROGRAM INCIDENCE OF COMMON DISEASES PARTICULAR IN DE LA SALLE UNIVERISITY MEDICAL CENTER, DASMARIAS CITY, CAVITE YEAR 2005 - 2011

A Research Paper presented to the faculty of the Mathematical Sciences Department College of Science De La Salle University - Dasmarias

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements in Differential Calculus for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Biology Major in Human Biology

ROQUE, Jason R. RODRIN, Lauro Nio M. DEL RIO, Ma. Sheila S. SOMEROS, Kristine Carl S. HUB32
Digitally signed by Jason Raquin Roque DN: cn=Jason Raquin Roque, o, ou, email=jason_mike15@yahoo.com, c=PH Date: 2012.05.15 14:00:19 +08'00'

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BIOLOGY PROGRAM INTRODUCTION

Contagious and communicable diseases are very common and rampant in different location in the Philippines. Throughout the year, the government, through the Department of Health, has actively promoted the practice of living a healthy lifestyle among Filipinos. Of the top ten common diseases in the country, all of the diseases that could have been prevented with a healthy lifestyle. The ten common diseases all through-out the country as well as in De La Salle University Medical Center, Dasmarias City, Cavite are as follows:

Heart Diseases The term heart diseases collectively refers to diseases of the heart and the blood vessels surrounding it. There are more than 50 different types of heart diseases but the most common is coronary artery disease. Congenital heart diseases, on the other hand, are inborn or can be developed as a child grows older. The risk of developing heart diseases can be lowered by controlling the blood pressure, lowering bad cholesterol levels, avoiding smoking, and getting enough exercise.

(http://www.nlm.nih.gov)

Vascular Systems Diseases The most common of vascular system diseases is stroke, which occurs when the brain lacks blood flow or suffers internal bleeding. Blood vessels inside the brain are damaged due to fat deposits or blood clots and brain functions are impaired. Normally, the preventive measures done to avoid having heart diseases can be applied in lowering the risk of having a stroke. In addition to those, it is recommended that Filipinos follow a lowfat diet and avoid excessive intake of alcohol.

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BIOLOGY PROGRAM Cancer Leading causes of cancer-related deaths in the Philippines are lung cancer, breast cancer, cancer of the cervix, liver cancer, colon and rectum cancer, prostate cancer, stomach cancer, 'cancer of the oral cavity, cancer of the ovaries, and leukemia. Six out of the Top 10 Most Prominent Deaths of 2009 are cancer-related deaths. (Corazon & Wang 2010)

Pneumonia Pneumonia collectively refers to over 50 respiratory diseases that affect the function of the lungs alveoli. The most common form is viral pneumonia which develops after a patient has contracted an upper respiratory disease. Pneumonia is a highly treatable disease but it can be deadly when left untreated. This is what commonly happens in the barrios when impoverished patients fail to seek medical help and instead rely solely on common herbal medications.

Tuberculosis The Philippines ranks 9th among the 22 countries in the world that are still battling tuberculosis (TB) today. This means that around 250,000 Filipinos become infected with the disease and 75 patients die of TB every year. It is already an improvement as the country ranked 7th in the past years, yet the statistics are still alarming. In fact, the country still ranks 8th among the countries with incidences of Multi-Drug Resistant

Tuberculosis.

Dengue Fever As of 9 May 2009, a total of 62 deaths have been caused by dengue nationwide. Bacolod City appeared to be the most affected area in the whole country, with eight deaths as of September. This prompted the

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BIOLOGY PROGRAM city council to pass a resolution declaring the city in calamity due to dengue fever.

Chronic Lower Respiratory Diseases Chronic Lower Respiratory Diseases include emphysema and chronic bronchitis. Emphysema is characterized by damaged air sacs in the lungs making it hard for the patient to breath. On the other hand, the lungs cells and linings become red and swollen when affected with chronic bronchitis. These two diseases are all smoking-related and can mainly be prevented by avoiding smoking or inhaling second-hand smoke.

Diabetes Mellitus Diabetes Mellitus affects around 3 million Filipinos but only half of this population actually know about it. Diabetes is a manageable disease but it still is the 9th cause of death in the country since most diabetics discover it too late. Early identification is the key to preventing deaths linked to the condition. A good exercise program and a balanced diet limits the risk of death caused by diabetes.

Perinatal Conditions According to the Department of Health, the Philippines is among the 42 countries that contribute to 90 percent of all deaths of children under five years of age worldwide. Fifty percent of the infant deaths occur during the first two days of life and is caused by birth asphyxia, complications due to prematurity, or severe infection. Birth asphyxia happens when a baby doesnt receive enough oxygen before, during, or after birth.

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BIOLOGY PROGRAM Diarrhea Diarrhea is the condition of having three or more loose or liquid bowel movements per day. It is a common cause of death in developing countries and the second most common cause of infant deaths worldwide. The loss of fluids through diarrhea can

cause dehydration and electrolyte imbalances. In 2009 diarrhea was estimated to have caused 1.1 million deaths in people aged 5 and over and 1.5 million deaths in children under the age of 5. Oral rehydration salts and zinc tablets are the treatment of choice and have been estimated to have saved 50 million children in the past 25 years.

These diseases are all can be prevented and treated with several cure or treatment thus making it easier to eradicate. But unfortunately these diseases are still the most frequent or common diseases every year. OBJECTIVES

This study aims:

1. To determine the ten common diseases in De La Salle University Medical Center, Dasmarias City, Cavite.

2. To know and compare the statistics of the ten common diseases in 2005 until 2011.

3. To know the trend of each diseases for the next 2, 5, 10, & 15 years.

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BIOLOGY PROGRAM REFERENCES

Heart Diseases. Medicine Plus. Trusted Health Information for You. United States of America National Library of Medicine. 8600 Rockville, Bethesda Retrieved from: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/heartdiseases.html on

January 6, 2012

Vascular System Diseases. Medicine Plus. Trusted Health Information for You. United States of America National Library of Medicine. 8600 Rockville, Bethesda Retrieved from: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/heartdiseases.html on January 6, 2012

Ngelangel, Corazon A. & Wang, Edward H. 2010. Cancer and the Philippine Cancer Control Program. Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology. Volume 32. Pp. S52 S61. Issue Supply 1. Oxford University Press. Published Online: http://jjco.oxfordjournals.org/content/32/suppl_1/S52.full.

Incidence of Pneumonia in the Philippines during Cold Month. What have you. Researches in Nursing and Other Fields. Published Online:

http://www.jpsimbulan.com/2009/01/18/incidence-of-pneumonia-in-thephilippines-during-cold-months/

Chronic Lower Respiratory Diseases. 2011. Mens Health. Womens Health.gov. Published Online: http://www.womenshealth.gov/mens-health/tophealth-concerns-for-men/chronic-lower-respiratory-diseases.cfm