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CHAPTER

2
2.1
Example

Polygons II

Regular Polygons
CCTS
To identify

1 Which of the following diagrams are regular polygons? (a) (b)

Not a regular polygon (c) (d) (e)

2 Draw and state the number of axes of symmetry for each of the following polygons.

Example

(a)

6 axes of symmetry (b) (c)

2 axes of symmetry

4 axes of symmetry

3 axes of symmetry

3 By dividing equally the angle at the centre of a circle, draw (a) a regular pentagon (b) a regular decagon

36 36

36

36 36 36

36 36 36 36

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4 State the number of axes of symmetry for each of the following regular polygons. (a) Equilateral triangle (b) Pentagon (c) Hexagon (d) Octagon (e) Nonagon (f) Decagon

2.2

Angles of Polygons
CCTS
To identify

1 Calculate the sum of the interior angles of the following polygons. (a) Square (4 2) 180 = 360 (c) Octagon (b) Hexagon

(d) Decagon

2 Find the size of the interior angle of the following regular polygons. (a) Pentagon (5 2) 180 = 108 5 (c) Nonagon (d) Decagon (b) Heptagon

3 Find the size of the exterior angle of the following regular polygons. (a) Equilateral triangle 360 = 120 3 (c) Nonagon (b) Pentagon

(d) Decagon

4 Calculate the number of sides of the regular polygon if each of its exterior angle is (a) 30 360 = 12 30 (d) 45 (e) 60 (f) 72 (b) 36 (c) 40

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5 Find the values of x, y and z in the following diagrams.

Example
Q R x S T z y P

PQRST is a regular pentagon and STU is a straight line.

U

(a)
120 x

95 y

100 115

(5 2) 180 = 108 5 y = 180 108 = 72 z + z + 108 = 180 2z = 72 z = 36 x = (b)

x

110 130 115 80

(c)
P z

R x S y

PQRSTUVW is a regular octagon.

125 z

W V U

6 Complete the table below. Regular polygon Sum of interior angles = (n 2) 180 (10 2) = 1 440 Decagon (a) Square (b) Pentagon (4 2) = 360 180 360 = 90 4 360 = 90 4 180 Interior angle (n 2) 180 = n 1 440 = 144 10 Exterior angle 360 = ____ n 360 = 36 10

(c) Octagon

(d) Nonagon 12

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PMR Practice 2
Paper 1
Answer all questions. 1
R S T U

4
Q U R

T x S
DIAGRAM 4

V
DIAGRAM 1

In Diagram 1, RS, SU and UV are three of the sides of a regular polygon. RST and TUV are straight lines. Given that ST = TU, the number of sides of the polygon is A 6 B 7 C 8 D 9 2
2008

In Diagram 4, PQRST is a pentagon. Given that TU is an axis of symmetry of the pentagon, find the value of x. A 95 C 165 B 100 D 185 5 I

P Q x R S U T

II

DIAGRAM 2

III

In Diagram 2, PQRST is a regular pentagon and RSU is an equilateral triangle. Find the value of x. A 48 C 32 B 36 D 24 3
F E N O L M G H J K

DIAGRAM 5

The figures in Diagram 5 show part of the sides of three polygons. Which of the diagrams I, II and III represent part of a regular polygon? A I only C I and III only B II only D II and III only 6
W T V x U R Q
DIAGRAM 6

DIAGRAM 3

In Diagram 3, EFGHJK is half of a regular decagon with centre O. KLMNE is half of a regular octagon with centre O. Calculate the value of the obtuse FOL. A 36 B 171 C 180 D 200

Diagram 6 shows a heptagon PQRSTUV. Given that PW is the axis of symmetry, find x. A 36 C 126 B 96 D 306

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7
2007

S R Q y V DIAGRAM 7 x T U

11
U
3x

T S

2x

R
DIAGRAM 11

In Diagram 7, QRSTUV is a regular hexagon. Find the value of x and of y. A x = 60, y = 30 B x = 60, y = 45 C x = 90, y = 30 D x = 90, y = 45 8
S R V
DIAGRAM 8

In Diagram 11, PQRTU is a pentagon. SRQ is a straight line. Find the value of x. A 21 C 51 B 33 D 165 12
P
60

T U

R
125 80

W S

2008

V 105
130

y T

In Diagram 8, R, S, T, U and V are 5 of the vertices of a regular polygon. The step of calculation to determine the number of sides of the polygon is A B 9 150 30 180 30 C 360 30 13

DIAGRAM 12

D 2 150 30

In Diagram 12, QRSTUV is a hexagon. PQR and TSW are straight lines. Find the value of y. A 135 C 145 B 140 D 150

G F

B x
I II DIAGRAM 9 III

y C D
DIAGRAM 13

In Diagram 9, the three hexagons are drawn on a grid of equal squares. The diagram(s) which has/have only one axis of symmetry is/are A I only C II and III only B III only D I, II and III 10
U P
4x

In Diagram 13, ABCDFG is a regular hexagon. CDE and GFE are straight lines. The value of x + 2y is A 60 C 120 B 90 D 150 14

Q p T R x S
DIAGRAM 10 DIAGRAM 14

In Diagram 10, PQRSTU is a hexagon. The value of x is A 32 C 83 B 52 D 160

In Diagram 14, O is the centre of a regular pentagon. The value of p is A 36 C 144 B 72 D 175

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15
p

19

P m

q A B
DIAGRAM 15

r C

n S DIAGRAM 19

In Diagram 15, ABCDE is an irregular polygon. The value of p + q + r is A 170 C 260 B 210 D 290 16
y z x
DIAGRAM 16

In Diagram 19, PQRST is a regular pentagon. The value of m + n is A 72 C 144 B 108 D 216 20
Q O T U R

DIAGRAM 20

Diagram 16 shows a regular hexagon. The value of x + y + z is A 150 C 210 B 180 D 240 17
L M

In Diagram 20, P, Q, R and S are 4 of the vertices of a regular hexagon with centre O. P, V, U, T and S are 5 vertices of a regular polygon with 8 sides and centre O. Calculate QOV. A 30 C 105 B 55 D 360 21
2003

O P S

x N
DIAGRAM 17

Q R DIAGRAM 21

Diagram 17 shows part of a regular decagon. Given that NM = ML, find the value of x. A 18 C 72 B 36 D 144 18
L M N y P Q
DIAGRAM 18

In Diagram 21, P, Q, R and S are four of the vertices of a regular polygon. O is the centre of the polygon. Find the number of sides of the polygon. A 9 C 12 B 10 D 15 22

2003

x
DIAGRAM 22

In Diagram 18, L, M, N, P and Q are five of the vertices of a regular nonagon. MNR is a straight line. The value of y is A 40 C 120 B 60 D 140

Diagram 22 shows a regular hexagon. Find the value of x + y. A 120 C 150 B 135 D 180

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23
Q
2004

V P k R l m S n T j 70 U

28
y

DIAGRAM 23

DIAGRAM 27

In Diagram 23, PQRSTU is a hexagon and TUV is a straight line. Find the value of j + k + l + m + n. A 510 C 610 B 580 D 650 24
2006

Diagram 27 shows a regular pentagon and a square. Find the value of y. A 128 C 162 B 152 D 198 29
Q R 3x x S T 3x P

U 75 115

100 x R 85

S V DIAGRAM 28

DIAGRAM 24

Diagram 24 shows a pentagon PQRST. UPQ and TSV are straight lines. Find the value of x. A 115 C 130 B 125 D 135 25 What is the size of each interior angle of a regular nonagon? A 40 C 135 B 60 D 140 26 30

In Diagram 28, P, Q, R and S are 4 of the vertices of a regular polygon. Given that QRT is a straight line, find the number of sides of the polygon. A 5 C 7 B 6 D 8
y

144

144

DIAGRAM 29

DIAGRAM 25

Diagram 25 shows part of a regular polygon. Name the polygon. A Decagon C Nonagon B Octagon D Heptagon 27
y O x DIAGRAM 26

Diagram 29 shows two regular hexagons which are congruent. Find the value of y. A 60 C 120 B 90 D 150 31
120 x 130 140 70 2x 110

DIAGRAM 30

Diagram 26 shows a regular hexagon with centre O. Find the value of x + y. A 135 C 240 B 180 D 270

Diagram 30 shows a heptagon. Find the value of x. A 100 C 120 B 110 D 130

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32
E F

C B A y

34
2005

DIAGRAM 31

Diagram 31 shows a regular octagon ABCDEFGH. Given that GHI is a straight line. Find the value of y. A 45 C 60 B 50 D 72 33
J
2006

DIAGRAM 33

In Diagram 33, KLMN, PQRS, MVW and TUQ are straight lines. The value of a + b + c + d + e + f is A 720 C 360 B 540 D 180 35

x K N P

2005

M
DIAGRAM 32 DIAGRAM 34

In Diagram 32, JKLMN is a regular pentagon. KNP is a straight line. Find the value of x. A 108 C 135 B 126 D 144

In Diagram 34, K, L, M and N are four vertices of a 8-sided regular polygon. The value of x is A 30 C 50 B 45 D 60

Paper 2
Answer all questions. 1 In Diagram 1, ABCDEF is a regular hexagon. 2 Shade __ of the whole diagram. 3
A B

2 Draw and name a regular polygon which has 5 axes of symmetry.

DIAGRAM 1

Answer: _______________

Answer: _______________

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3 In Diagram 2, K, L, M and N are 4 of the vertices of a regular octagon. Find the value of x.
K

4 In Diagram 3, RS, ST and TU are three of the sides of a regular polygon. State the number of sides of the regular polygon.
R S V

L
5x

T M
DIAGRAM 2

N
DIAGRAM 3

Answer: _______________ 5 Draw all the axes of symmetry in Diagram 4.

Answer: _______________ 6 Find the number of sides of a regular polygon if its interior angle is 108.

DIAGRAM 4

Answer: _______________ 7 The exterior angle of a regular polygon is 36. Identify the polygon.

Answer: _______________ 8 Identify the regular polygon with an interior angle of 135.

Answer: ______________ 9 Diagram 5 shows a polygon. Find the value of x.

Answer: ______________ 10 In Diagram 6, ABCGE is a regular pentagon. Find the values of m and n.
G C E n m B A
DIAGRAM 6

x x x

DIAGRAM 5

Answer: ______________

Answer: _______________

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11 In Diagram 7, LMN and RST are straight lines. Find the value of p.
L M

12 In Diagram 8, PQRSTU is a regular hexagon. y Find the value of x + __ . 2

P Q x U y R

p R S DIAGRAM 7 T T S

DIAGRAM 8

Answer: ______________ 13 Diagram 9 shows a polygon. Find the value of x.

Answer: _______________ 14 Diagram 10 shows a regular hexagon and a regular pentagon. Find the value of y.

x
y

DIAGRAM 10 DIAGRAM 9

Answer: _______________ 15 In Diagram 11, ABCDE is a pentagon and DEF is a straight line. Find the value of x.
B 105 C 100 95 E D DIAGRAM 11
S

Answer: _______________ 16 Diagram 12 shows a regular hexagon PQRSTU. Find the value of x + y.
P

A x

x y

125 F
R 80 T

DIAGRAM 12

Answer: _______________

Answer: ______________

19