2012 CHAPTER 1

5 Pen PC Technology

INTRODUCTION

Computer affects our life in a much bigger way then most of us might have thought. It has become a compulsory requirement in most professions to be able to use computer software. The first computer invented was the ENIAC in 1943 which was the same size of a large room, consuming as much power as several hundred modern PCs. Modern computers which are based on integrated circuits are small enough to fit into mobile devices. One of the most compacted computers out right now are table computers with the most popular being the I-Pad, but even that is 9.1inch and weighing about 700 grams. But imagine having a computer will fit on your pencil case. P-ISM (Pen-style Personal Networking Gadget Package), which is nothing but the new discovery, which is under developing, stage by NEC Corporation. P-ISM is a gadget package including five functions: a pen-style cellular phone with a handwriting data input function, virtual keyboard, a very small projector, camera scanner, and personal ID key with cashless pass function. P-ISMs are connected with one another through short-range wireless technology. The whole set is also connected to the Internet through the cellular phone function. This personal gadget in a minimalist pen style enables the ultimate ubiquitous computing. It is shown below a tablet personal computer (tablet PC) is a portable personal computer equipped with a touch screen as a primary input device and designed to be operated and owned by an individual. The term was made popular as a concept presented by Microsoft in 2001, but tablet PCs now refer to any tablet-sized personal computer, even if it's not using Windows but another PC operating system. Tablets may use virtual keyboards and handwriting recognition for text input through the touch screen.

All tablet personal computers have a wireless adapter for Internet and local network connection. Software applications for tablet PCs include office suites, web browsers, games and a variety of applications. However, since portable computer hardware components are low powered, demanding PC applications may not provide an ideal experience to the user.

Dept of CSE, P.E.S.C.E.,Mandya

2012 1.1 History

5 Pen PC Technology

The conceptual prototype of the "pen" computer was built in 2003. The prototype device, dubbed the "P-ISM", was a "Pen-style Personal Networking Gadget" created in 2003 by Japanese technology company NEC. The P-ISM was featured at the 2003 ITU Telecom World held in Geneva, Switzerland. The designer of the 5 Pen Technology, Toru Ichihash , said that In developing this concept he asked himself What is the future of IT when it is small? The pen was a logical choice. He also wanted a product that you could touch and feel. Further, the intent is to allow for an office anywhere. However, although a conceptual prototype of the "pen" computer was built in 2003, such devices are not yet available to consumers. An article about the device published on the Wave Report website in 2004 explains: At ITU Telecom World we got a sample of another view by NEC. It is based on the pen and called P-ISM. This concept is so radical that we went to Tokyo to learn more. The design concept uses five different pens to make a computer. One pen is a CPU, another is a camera, one creates a virtual keyboard, another projects the visual output and thus the display and another a communicator (a phone). All five pens can rest in a holding block which recharges the batteries and holds the mass storage. Each pen communicates wireless, possibly Bluetooth. A Pen-style Personal Networking Gadget Package, it seems that information terminals are infinitely getting smaller. However, we will continue to manipulate them with our hands for now. We have visualized the connection between the latest technology and the human, in a form of a pen. P-ISM is a gadget package including five functions: a pen-style cellular phone with a handwriting data input function, virtual keyboard, a very small projector, camera scanner, and personal ID key with cashless pass function. P-ISMs are connected with one another through short-range wireless technology. The whole set is also connected to the Internet through the cellular phone function. This personal gadget in a minimalistic pen style enables the ultimate ubiquitous computing. However, the prototype displayed at ITU Telecom World was apparently the only sample that was built and reportedly cost $30,000. Thus, while the prototype may have
Dept of CSE, P.E.S.C.E.,Mandya 2

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5 Pen PC Technology

proved that such technology is feasible, it is currently unclear when - or even if - personal computers of this type will become available to the public. Several years on from the initial launch of the P- ISM conceptual prototype, there seems to be little information available about future plans.

Dept of CSE, P.E.S.C.E.,Mandya

2012 CHAPTER 2

5 Pen PC Technology

5 PEN PC
Five pen pc shortly called as P-ISM (Pen-style Personal Networking Gadget Package), is nothing but the new discovery, which is under developing stage by NEC Corporation. P-ISM is a gadget package including five functions: a CPU pen, communication pen with a cellular phone function, virtual keyboard, a very small projector, and a camera. P-ISMs are connected with one another through short-range wireless

technology. The whole set is also connected to the Internet through the cellular phone function. This personal gadget in a minimalist pen style enables the ultimate ubiquitous computing. A 5 Pen PC system contains the following components shown in fig 2.1

Fig 2.1: Components of 5 Pen PC

Dept of CSE, P.E.S.C.E.,Mandya

2012 CHAPTER 3

5 Pen PC Technology

PEN FUNCTIONS

3.1 CPU PEN

Fig 3.1: CPU Pen

The functionality of the CPU is done by one of the pen. It is also known as computing engine. It consists of dual core processor embedded in it and it works with WINDOWS operation system. The central processing unit (CPU) is the portion of a computer system that carries out the instructions of a computer program, and is the primary element carrying out the computer's functions. The central processing unit carries out each instruction of the program in sequence, to perform the basic arithmetical, logical, and input/output operations of the system. This term has been in use in the computer industry at least since the early 1960s. The form, design and implementation of CPUs have changed dramatically since the earliest examples, but their fundamental operation remains much the same.

Dept of CSE, P.E.S.C.E.,Mandya

2012 3.2 COMMUNICATION PEN

5 Pen PC Technology

P-ISMs are connected with one another through short-range wireless technology. The whole set is also connected to the Internet through the cellular phone function. They are connected through Tri-wireless modes (Bluetooth, 802.11B/G, and terabytes of data, exceeding the capacity of todays hard disks. This is very effective because we can able to connect whenever we need without having wires. They are used at the frequency band of 2.4 GHz ISM (although they use different access mechanisms). Bluetooth mechanism is used for exchanging signal status information between two devices. This techniques have been developed that do not require communication between the two devices (such as Bluetooths Adaptive Frequency Hopping), the most efficient and comprehensive solution for the most serious problems can be accomplished by silicon vendors. They can implement information exchange capabilities within the designs of the Bluetooth.

Fig 3.2: Communication Pen

Dept of CSE, P.E.S.C.E.,Mandya

2012 3.3 VIRTUAL KEYBOARD

5 Pen PC Technology

The Virtual Laser Keyboard (VKB) is the ULTIMATE new gadget for PC users. The VKB emits laser on to the desk where it looks like the keyboard having QWERTY arrangement of keys i.e., it uses a laser beam to generate a full-size perfectly operating laser keyboard that smoothly connects to of PC and most of the handheld devices. As we type on the laser projection, it analyses what we are typing according to the co-ordinates of the location.

Fig 3.3: Virtual Keyboard

A virtual keyboard is a software component that allows a user to enter characters. A virtual keyboard can usually be operated with multiple input devices, which may include a touchscreen, an actual keyboard, a computer mouse, a headmouse and an eyemouse.

Dept of CSE, P.E.S.C.E.,Mandya

2012 3.4 DIGITAL CAMERA

5 Pen PC Technology

The digital camera is in the shape of pen .It is useful in video recording, video conferencing, simply it is called as web cam. It is also connected with other devices through Bluetooth. It is a 360 degrees visual communication device. This terminal will enable us to know about the surrounding atmosphere and group to group communication with a round display and a central super wide angle camera. A digital camera (or digicam) is a camera that takes video or still photographs, or both, digitally by recording images via an electronic image sensor. Most 21st century cameras are digital. Digital cameras can do things film cameras cannot: displaying images on a screen immediately after they are recorded, storing thousands of images on a single small memory device, and deleting images to free storage space. The majority, including most compact cameras, can record moving video with sound as well as still photographs. Some can crop and stitch pictures and perform other elementary image editing. Some have a GPS receiver built in, and can produce Geotagged photographs

Fig 3.4: Digital Camera

Dept of CSE, P.E.S.C.E.,Mandya

2012 3.5 LED PROJECTOR

5 Pen PC Technology

The role of monitor is taken by LED Projector which projects on the screen. The size of the projector is of A4 size. It has the approximate resolution capacity of 1024 X 768. Thus it is gives more clarity and good picture. Thus it is gives more clarity and good picture.

Fig 3.5: LED Projector

A video projector is a device that receives a video signal and projects the corresponding image on a projection screen using a lens system. All video projectors use a very bright light to project the image, and most modern ones can correct any curves, blurriness, and other inconsistencies through manual settings. Video projectors are widely used for conference room presentations, classroom training, home theatre and live events applications. Projectors are widely used in many schools and other educational settings, connected to an interactive whiteboard to interactively teach pupils.

Dept of CSE, P.E.S.C.E.,Mandya

2012

5 Pen PC Technology

Fig 3.6: 5 Pen PC

Fig 3.7: Block Diagram of 5 Pen PC Technology

Dept of CSE, P.E.S.C.E.,Mandya

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2012 3.6 BATTERY

5 Pen PC Technology

The most important part in portable type of computer is battery and storage capacity. Usually batteries must be small in size and work for longer time. For normal use it can be used for 2 weeks. The type of battery used here is lithium ion battery. The storage device is of the type tubular holographic which is capable of storing. The use of lithium ion battery in this gadget will reduce energy density, durability and cost factor. By making Five Pen PC feasible, it will enable ubiquitous computing therefore it is easier for people to use. Many applications can be imagined with this new technology. As it makes use of E-fingerprinting the gadget will be more secure, which allows only owner to activate the PC. So even if we lose it, no one else can access the gadget. All PCs communicate each other with the help of Bluetooth technology and the entire gadget is connected to internet (Wi-Fi). This technology is very portable, feasible and efficient. Everybody can use this technology in very efficient manner. Some prototypes have been already developed in 2003 which are very feasible, but currently unclear. The enhancement in this technology can be expected in coming years.

Dept of CSE, P.E.S.C.E.,Mandya

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2012 CHAPTER 4

5 Pen PC Technology

MERITS OF 5 PEN PCs

Portable: The first and most important advantage of the 5 pen pc are that they are portable. Due to its size they can be carried anywhere . These PCs are in the shape of pens and thats why they can be carried in small bags or even in our pockets. A portable computer is a computer that is designed to be moved from one place to another and includes a display and keyboard. They can also be called a 'Portable Workstation' or 'Portable PC'. 5 Pen PC are the most easily portable pc ever made. Another major merit is that its works on battery and so it can be used whenever we want.

Ubiquitous computing: Ubiquitous computing (ubicomp) is a post-desktop model of humancomputer interaction in which information processing has been thoroughly integrated into everyday objects and activities. In the course of ordinary activities, someone "using" ubiquitous computing engages many computational devices and systems

simultaneously, and may not necessarily even be aware that they are doing so. This model is usually considered advancement from the desktop paradigm. More formally Ubiquitous computing is defined as "machines that fit the human environment instead of forcing humans to enter theirs.

Wi-Fi technology: The another major important merit of a 5 pen pc is that it has a Wi-Fi technology built in it through which the user can connect to the internet very easily. Wi-Fi is a mechanism that allows electronic devices to exchange data wirelessly over a computer network.

Feasible: 5 Pen PC technology is a feasible model of portable PCs, i.e., it is one of the most possible and practical to achieve easily or conveniently. This type of PCs can be used everywhere and by anyone. It is very easy to use.

Dept of CSE, P.E.S.C.E.,Mandya

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2012 CHAPTER 5

5 Pen PC Technology

DEMERITS OF 5 PEN PCs

Positioning: Positioning is a major factor affecting the proper usage of this PC. The keyboard and the display are virtual in this case so need a flat and clear surface to get a better experience, so the positioning matters the display and working with the PC. The keyboard and the display are being worked by the use of laser. These devices are

interconnected by using Bluetooth. So the positioning of the device plays a major role in its working.

Cost: The production cost of these type of PCs are too high. By the decrease in the size of the PC parts the cost of these computer are also very high. By the increase in the cost of these computers these cannot become useful for the common people. These is one of the main demerits of these PC.

Currently Unclear: Since this technology is under development hence its efficiency cannot be determined and currently its working is not clear to common users.

Dept of CSE, P.E.S.C.E.,Mandya

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2012

5 Pen PC Technology

CONCLUSION
By the human needs the communication devices are becoming smaller and compactable. PC are becoming smaller and smaller. We can see that the 5 pen pc technology is one of the advanced Portable PC that is easy to carry even in our pockets and work with it any where we want. This 'pen sort of instrument' produces both the monitor as well as the keyboard on any flat surfaces from where you can carry out functions you would normally do on your desktop computer. This has also Wi-Fi technology in which user can communicate through the internet, Its another major advancement is the camera which can be used even for video conferencing. This is just a new start. We can expect much more advanced comfortable pc system in future.

Dept of CSE, P.E.S.C.E.,Mandya

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REFERENCES
Choa Li, Bellarmine, G.T, Prosper L Table PC as innovative technology in Electronics Engineering Technology (EET) course delivery (non-refereed ) Southeast 2009 IEEE page(s):443, year:2009. Stanton.K, "Work in progress-enhancement of problem solving techniques with tablet PC-based learning technologies Frontiers in Education Conference 2008 ,38th annual, Page(s): S4D-25 - S4D-26 , year: 2008. http://www.hoax-slayer.com/pen-computer.shtml http://mosaic.cnfolio.com/B101CW2010Article154 http://youtube.com/40tS8A-SJ6c

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