COOLING SYSTEM OF POWER PLANT

PREPARED BY:- JIGNESH BHADANI ROLL NO.:-09ME03

CONTENTS
introduction to cooling system necessity of cooling system major cooling system acc vs wcc references

INTRODUCTION
after the application in turbine, the steam will be a waste one. So, as an economical part of operation, the steam is re condensate to water and re-used for boiler feed water. PURPOSE:main purpose of cooling system is to cool water which is circulating in condenser. LOCATION: cooling system in any power plant is placed with condenser.

NECESSITY OF COOLING SYSTEM???

As the cooling water takes the latent heat of steam in the condenser, the temperature of the water increases so, hot water coming out of condenser cannot be used again without pre-cooling. So cooling system is required to cool the water.

MAJOR CONDENSATION SYSTEM

1. Open or once through system 2. closed system Water cooled system Air cooled system

OPEN OR ONCE THROUGH SYSTEM

If the power plant is next to the sea, a big river, or large inland water body it may be done simply by running a large amount of water through the condensers in a single pass and discharging it back into the source, a few degrees warmer and without much loss from the amount withdrawn. Some small amount of evaporation will occur off site due to the water being a few degrees

OPEN SYSTEM

CLOSED SYSTEM
When enough quantity of water is not available for cooling requirement from river then closed type of system is used. In this type of system hot water coming out of condenser is cooled either by spraying in the pond or passing through the cooling tower.

WATER COOLED SYSTEM

1. cooling ponds:It is a man-made body of water primarily formed for the purpose of supplying cooling water to a nearby power plant or industrial facility. Cooling ponds are used where sufficient land is available, as an alternative to cooling towers or discharging of heated water to a nearby river.

COOLING POND

WHAT IS COOLING TOWER??

Cooling tower is the heat rejection device, which extracts heat waste to atmosphere through the cooling of water stream to a lower temperature.

COOLING TOWER TYPES

1. Natural draft : In natural draft towers, the air flows naturally without fan through tower and provides the required cooling. Natural draft towers use very large concrete chimneys to introduce air through the media Due to the large size of these towers, they are generally used for water flow rates above 45,000 m3/hr. These types of towers are used only by utility power stations.

2.Mechanical draft towers

It utilize large fans to force or suck air through circulated water. The water falls downward over fill surfaces, which help increase the contact time between the water and the air - this helps maximise heat transfer between the two. Cooling rates of Mechanical draft towers depend upon their fan diameter and speed of operation. Since, the mechanical draft cooling towers are much more widely used.

MECHANICAL DRAFT TOWERS

COMPONENTS OF COOLING TOWER

Frame and casing Fill Cold water basin Air inlet Louvers Nozzles Fans

AIR COOLING SYSTEM

why air cooled system is used in place

of water cooled?
over the past 30 years demand of water for both domestic and industrial purpose has been increased this has increased an intrest in use of air as a cooling medium. Elimination of water usage from the condensing power cycle. Flexibility in power plant site selection. Decreased time required for plant permitting.

MECHANISM OF ACC

COMPONENTS OF ACC
a) b) c) d) e) Fan Base structure Motor A- frame Water pump

AIR COOLED V/S WATER COOLED

1. PLOT AREA SAVINGS 8,000 FT2 1900 FT2 gpm 75% LESS SPACE REQUIRE 2. HORSEPOWER SAVINGS 640 HP 200 HP 450 LESS HP REQUIRED (70%) 3. MAKEUP WATER REQUIRED 128 gpm NEEDED 4. LOWER INSTALLED COST 60% LOWER COST

REFRENCES
WikipediA.com www.cti.com SPX technology.com www.engineeringtoolbox.com