Distribution Automation For Thiruvananthapuram City

Latha B. Kaimal, Joint Director R. Sindhu, Joint Director Titus A. Chazhoor, Joint Director Presenter - Sudeep Balan, Senior Scientific Officer, Control and Instrumentation Group

Distribution Automation For Thiruvananthapuram City

TeCDaC07

What is DA ?
Distribution Automation is defined as an integrated system concept for the digital automation of distribution substation, feeder and user functions. IEEE Definition: A system that enables an electric utility to remotely monitor, coordinate and operate distribution components in a real-time mode from remote locations.
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Distribution Automation For Thiruvananthapuram City

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Abbrevations
DA Distribution Automation SCADA Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition System RTU Remote Terminal Unit FMU Feeder Monitoring Unit MRTU Micro Remote Terminal Unit RMU Ring Main Unit SCS Substation Control System CCS Central Control System MMI Man Machine Interface OMS Outage Management System GIS Geographical Information Systems DN Distributed Node IVRS Interactive Voice Response System TCMS Trouble Call Management System

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Functions of DA
WAN IS SCADA/EMS AM/FM/GIS Outage Management System Work Management System PLCs PC MMI Network Interface Modules Distributed Computing for DA functions Feeder Switching & Automatic Sectionalizing DISTRIBUTION AUTOMATION Voltage Reduction Fault Location & Isolation: Service Restoration

Sub LAN DA Communication Interface

SUBSTATION AUTOMATION

Distribution to customer Communication Nodes Radio (MAS)

Jan. 2007

CUSTOMER AUTOMATION

Automated Meter Reading

Distribution Automation For Thiruvananthapuram City

TeCDaC07

Function of DA System
Remotely monitors the distribution system, facilitates supervisory control of devices and provides decision support tools to improve the system performance
SCADA (Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition) Application Functions
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TeCDaC07

DA OVERALL SYSTEM CONFIGURATION

SCS MEDICAL COLLEGE S/S VYD BHAVAN
DN

PARUTHIPARA S/S SCS

VATTIYOORKAVU SCS S/S

DN

RMU DN

CDAC SCS GSM

RMU DN

LA COMPLEX S/S SCS VELI S/S

SCS THIRUMALA S/S

Jan. 2007

POWER
DN WIRELESS LAN -4MBps GSM RADIO 9.600kbps ASIANET

GSM
RMU DN

HOUSE SCS POWER

SCS VIZHINJAM S/S

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Objectives
Provide total distribution information to Control Room Engineer Increased simplicity in 11 KV network operation Faster fault location, isolation and service restoration Supply reliability improvement Reduction of losses in the system and improved voltage profile due to feeder rearrangement Improvement in quality of service Improvement of equipment availability Manpower saving in operation and maintenance Use of technology advancement in network management Better tools for Short Term and Long Term Distribution Planning
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Power Transmission and Distribution Scenario

Distribution System
Substations Transformers Circuit Breakers Feeders Sectionalizing Switches Capacitor Banks Customers - HT consumer - LT consumers

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Distribution Automation For Thiruvananthapuram City

TeCDaC07

Why DA?
Lack of Information to control room engineer on loading and health status of transformers and associated feeders Due to absence of monitoring, overloading occurs which results in low voltage at customer end Remote Control of distribution feeders not possible from control room Fault isolation/restoration was time-consuming Prolonged outages and less supply reliability
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Distribution Automation For Thiruvananthapuram City

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Distribution Automation
Substation Control System Distributed Nodes Central Control Room Benefit Evaluation

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SUBSTATION CONTROL SYSTEM

Distribution Automation For Thiruvananthapuram City

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Functions of SCS
Data acquisition Power computation Presentation of feeder data Communication with CCS

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Unique Features of SCS

Non Intrusive type power interface Transducer less Substation RTU for monitoring electrical parameters
Savings in Cost of Transducers Less H/W means less maintenance

Jan. 2007

Communication with CCS over Radio/Telephone line/Asianet Cable/GSM User configurable Reports0
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Three Wattmeter Method

Vrms = Irms

(VINST)2 = (IINST)2

AC WAVE t

Total Instanteous Power =

(VINST X IINST)
v

Active Power = (Total Inst Power / 320) Apparent Power = Vrms x Irms

Reactive Power = App Power 2 - Active Power2

Jan. 2007

t 64 SAMPLES

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CT/PT Interface
IR
FEEDER LOAD 200/5A CT

5A/2mA CT

IY IB FMU VR

KSEB

11KV/110 V PT

110/10.8 V PT

VY VB

Jan. 2007

KSEB
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Feeder Monitoring Unit

SRAM EPROM

RS232
A0 A1 . . . A14

Signal Conditioner

A D C

CPU

Intelligent Module 14 Analog Inputs 12 bit Resolution for Analog Inputs Comm. Interface : RS232 & RS485 Power Consumption : 5V DC 1A, +15V DC 100mA

RS485

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Salient Features of SCS

PC Based User-friendly operator console Full substation SCADA Functionalities
System configuration MMI module (Online display of mimic,Dial,bar,trend, Engg. Value etc.) Historical display (Trend, Alarm) Data logging (I,V, pf, Frequency, AP, RP, CB status,
Trip Relay status etc.)

Alarm logging Report Generation

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Historical Trend

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Feeder Load Pattern

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DIAL

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DISTRIBUTED NODES

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Distributed Node
MRTU Enclosure

Jan. 2007

Used to control the Ring Network and the distribution transformer Enables faster restoration of power supply to healthy sections of faulty feeder Enables easy and reliable remote operation from Control Room (through MRTU)
11 KV Distribution Transformer RMU
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RADIO

MRTU

MRTU

DI/DO/AI

Jan. 2007

DC-DC CONVERTER

RELAY MODULE

<< BACK

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RMU
BREAKER SWITCH POSITON EARTH SWITCH POSITON SF6 GAS PRESSURE INDICATION
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MMI Frame

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Switching Strategy

CLOSE OPEN OPEN OPEN CLOSE

OPEN CLOSECLOSE CLOSE CLOSE CLOSE

Fault

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Micro RTU Features

Unique indigenous Design (Processor module + Power supply Module) Operates from 24VDC Battery Supply Easy interface to RMU Remote Sensing of faults (SC/EF) Remote Operation of Cable Switches
Jan. 2007

8 Analog Inputs
Per-Phase Current

16 Digital Inputs
Status of Cable Switches, Earth Switches Status of Transformer Trip Coil Short circuit, Earth Fault detection SF6 gas pressure alarm

10 Digital Outputs
Open / Close Cable Switches Transformer Trip Coil Fault Sensor Reset
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Communication
Radio Modem Data rate - 9600bps Power - 5 Watts Frequencies used TX 849 851 MHz RX 933 - 935 MHz Primary Power : 13.8 V DC
Jan. 2007

Challenges in Radio communication Terrain Buildings Line of sight RSSI problems( in bad weather conditions) Repeater Stations

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Communication
SCS MEDICAL COLLEGE S/S VYD BHAVAN
DN

PARUTHIPARA S/S SCS

VATTIYOORKAVU SCS S/S

DN

RMU DN

CDAC SCS GSM

RMU DN

LA COMPLEX S/S SCS VELI S/S

SCS THIRUMALA S/S

Jan. 2007

POWER
DN WIRELESS LAN -4MBps GSM RADIO 9.600kbps ASIANET

GSM
RMU DN

HOUSE SCS POWER

SCS VIZHINJAM S/S

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Repeater Station
Omni Antenna Yagi Antenna

RADIO MODEM RADIO MODEM

Radio tower Linux Repeater

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Central Control System (CCS)

Distribution Automation For Thiruvananthapuram City

TeCDaC07

Central Control Computer System

PRIMARY SERVER
RAID LASER PRINTER ETHER SWITCH
DOT MATRIX PRINTER PROJECTION SYSTEM OMNI ANTENNA

SECONDARY SERVER

UPS

DAT

ETHER SWITCH

PLOTTER

Jan. 2007

CONSOLE 1

CONSOLE 2

CONSOLE 3

COMM SERVER

MASTER RADIO 31

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Central Control Room

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Salient Features of CCS

Dual Redundant Servers in hot standby configuration Client/Server Communication Software Modules Power SCADA software Man Machine Interface Modules Data/Alarm Logging/display and Report Modules 11 KV Distribution Network monitoring and Control (Remote Operation of RMUs) Feeder Reconfiguration
Jan. 2007

Geographical Information System (GIS) package Outage Management System (OMS) - Switching and Fault Reports packages Web based report configuration/ generation of Substation feeder data Communication with Substations / Repeater Stations/ Distributed nodes over Radio/ Asianet Cable/ Wireless LAN/ GSM

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Geographical Information System

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Outage Management Report

Jan. 2007

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Trouble Call Management System (TCMS)

Centralized complaint registration for 21 Section Offices Customer database of 21 Sections Complaint registration through
Operator (Tel. No.1912) IVRS SMS

Complaint despatch to Mobile Squads for rectification System commissioned at Call Centre, Power House and in operation since January 2004. System Commissioned at Thiruvananthapuram, Kollam ,Kochi and Calicut
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Trouble Call Management System (TCMS)

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TCMS

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BENEFIT EVALUATION

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System Performance Indices

SAIFI (System Average Interruption Frequency Index)
Average number of times a customers supply is interrupted in a year

SAIDI (System Average Interruption Duration Index)

Total number of minutes, on an average, that a customer is without electricity in a year

CAIDI (Customer Average Interruption Duration Index)

Jan. 2007

Average duration of each interruption.( SAIDI divided by SAIFI)

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Benefit Evaluation 2002 - 2003 - 2004 - 2005

SAIFI
12.99
15 12 12.14

8.43

9.41

Value

9 6 3 0
2002 2003 2004 2005

Year
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Benefit Evaluation 2002 - 2003 - 2004 - 2005

SAIDI

1200 1000
759

963
749

744

Value

800 600 400 200 0

2002 2003 2004 2005

Year
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Benefit Evaluation 2002 - 2003 - 2004 - 2005

CAIDI
90

100 80

80

74

61

Value

60 40 20 0
2002 2003 2004 2005

Year
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Bridging Failure
BRIDGING FAILURE
150
160 140

136
118
81

No. of Occurence

120 100 80 60 40 20 0

2002

2003 Year

2004

2005

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Thank You