Q. 10: A load of 5 KN is to be raised with the help of a steel wire.

Find the diameter of steel wire, if the maximum stress is not to exceed 100 MNm2. (UPTUQUESTION BANK) Sol.: Given data: P = 5 KN = 5000N = 100MN/m2 = 100N/mm2 Let D be the diameter of the wire We know that, = P/A = P/ (/4 D2) 100 = 5000/ (/4 D2) D = 7.28mm .......ANS Q. 11: A circular rod of diameter 20 m and 500 m long is subjected to tensile force of 45kN. The modulus of elasticity for steel may be taken as 200 kN/m2. Find stress, strain and elongation of bar due to applied load. (UPTUQUESTION BANK) Sol.: Given data: D = 20m L = 500m P = 45KN = 45000N E = 200KN/m2 = (200 1000 N/mm2 = 200000 N/m2 Using the relation; = P/A = P/(/4 D2) = 45000/(/4 202) = 143.24 N/m2 .......ANS E = /e 200000 = 143.24 /e e = 0.000716 .......ANS Now, e = dLA/L 0.000716 = dLA/500 dLA = 0.36 .......ANS Q. 12: A rod 100 cm long and of 2 cm x 2 cm cross-section is subjected to a pull of 1000 kg force. If the modulus of elasticity of the materials 2.0 x 106 kg/cm2, determine the elongation of the rod. (UPTUQUESTION BANK) Sol.: Given data: A = 2 2 = 4cm L = 100cm P = 1000kg = 1000 9.81 = 9810N E = 2.0 106 kg/cm2 = 9.81 2.0 106 kg/cm2 = 19.62 106 N/cm2 Using the relation; = P/A = 9810/4 = 2452.5 N/cm2 .......ANS E = /e 19.62 x 106 = 2452.5/e e = 0.000125 .......ANS Now, e = dLA/L 0.000125 = dLA/100 dL = 0.0125 .......ANS Q. 13: A hollow cast-iron cylinder 4 m long, 300 mm outer diameter, and thickness of metal 50 mm is subjected to a central load on the top when standing straight. The stress produced is 75000 kN/m2. Assume Young's modulus for cast iron as 1.5 x 108 KN/m2 find (i) magnitude of the load, (ii) longitudinal strain produced and (iii) total decrease in length. Sol.: Outer diameter, D = 300 mm = 0.3 m Thickness, t = 50 mm = 0.05 m Length, L = 4 m

Stress produced, = 75000 kN/m2 E = 1.5 x 108 kN/m2 Here diameter of the cylinder, d = D 2t = 0.3 2 0.05 = 0.2 m (i) Magnitude of the load P: Using the relation, =P/A or P = A = 75000 /4 (D2 d2) = 75000 /4 (0.32 0.22) or P = 2945.2 kN .......ANS (ii) Longitudinal strain produced, e : Using the relation, Strain, (e) = stress/E = 75000/1.5 x 108 = 0.0005 .......ANS (iii)Total decrease in length, dL: Using the relation, Strain = change in length/original length = dLA/L 0.0005 = dLA/4 dLA = 0.0005 4m = 0.002m=2mm Hence decrease in length = 2 mm .......ANS Q. 14: A steel wire 2 m long and 3 mm in diameter is extended by 0.75 mm when a weight P is suspended from the wire. If the same weight is suspended from a brass wire, 2.5 m long and 2 mm in diameter, it is elongated by 4.64 mm. Determine the modulus of elasticity of brass if that of steel be 2.0 x 105 N/mm2. (UPTUQUESTION BANK) Sol.: Given: LS = 2 m, s = 3 mm, LS = 0.75 mm; Es = 2.0 105 N/mm2; Lb =2.5m;db = 2mm; Lb =4.64m. Modulus of elasticity of brass, Eb : From Hooke's law, we know that; E = /e = (P/A)/(LA/L) = P.L/A. LA or, P = LA.A.E/L where, L = extension, L = length, A = cross-sectional area, and E = modulus of elasticity. Case I : For steel wire: P = Ls.As.Es/Ls or P = [0.75 (/4 32) 2.0 105]/2000 ...(i) Case II : For bass wire P = Lb.Ab.Eb/L b or P = [4.64 (/4 22) Eb]/2500 ...(ii) Equating equation (i) and (ii), we get [0.75 (/4 x32) 2.0x105 2.0 105]/2000 = P = [4.64 (/4 22) Eb]/2500 Eb = 0.909 105 N/mm2 .......ANS Q. 15: The wire working on a railway signal is 5mm in diameter and 300m long. If the movement at the signal end is to be 25cm, make calculations for the movement which must be given to the end of the wire at the signal box. Assume a pull of 2500N on the wire and take modulus of elasticity for the wire material as 2 105 N/mm2. Sol.: Given data: P = 2500N D = 5 mm

L = 300m = 300 1000 mm Dm = 25cm E = 2 105 N/mm2. We know that, = P/A = P/ (/4 D2) = 2500/ (/4 52) = 127.32 N/mm2. e = /E = 127.32/2 105 e = 0.0006366 Since e = L/L L = e.L = 0.0006366 300 1000 = 190.98mm = 19.098 cm Total movement which need to be given at the signal box end = 25 + 19.098 = 44.098 cm .......ANS