A hollow steel tube with an inside diameter of 100 mm must carry a tensile load of 400 kN.

Determine the outside diameter of the tube if the stress is limited to 120 MN/m2. Solution 104 By symmetry:

For bronze cable:

answer For steel cable:

answer where: Given: Diameter of cable = 0.6 inch Weight of bar = 6000 lb Required: Stress in the cable thus, Solution 106

answer Weight of bar = 800 kg Maximum allowable stress for bronze = 90 MPa Maximum allowable stress for steel = 120 MPa Required: Smallest area of bronze and steel cables Solution 105 answer

Given: Axial load P = 3000 lb Cross-sectional area of the rod = 0.5 in2 Required: Stress in steel, aluminum, and bronze sections Solution 107

For bronze:

For aluminum: For steel:

answer For aluminum:

For Steel:

For safe answer answer For bronze:

, use

Maximum allowable stress of the wire = 30 ksi Cross-sectional area of wire AB = 0.4 in2 Cross-sectional area of wire AC = 0.5 in2 answer Required: Largest weight W

Given: Maximum allowable stress for steel = 140 MPa Maximum allowable stress for aluminum = 90 MPa Maximum allowable stress for bronze = 100 MPa Required: Maximum safe value of axial load P Solution 108

Solution 109

For wire AB: By sine law (from the force polygon):

For concrete: For wire AC: From FBD of Concrete:

Safe load

answer

Given: Size of steel bearing plate = 12-inches square Size of concrete footing = 12-inches square Size of wooden post = 8-inches diameter Maximum allowable stress for wood = 1800 psi Maximum allowable stress for concrete = 650 psi Required: Maximum safe value of load P Solution 110 For wood:

Safe load

answer

Given: Cross-sectional area of each member = 1.8 in2 Required: Stresses in members CE, DE, and DF Solution 111 From the FBD of the truss:

From FBD of Wood:

At joint E:

At joint F:

Stresses: Stress = Force/Area

answer

answer

answer Given: Maximum allowable stress in tension = 20 ksi Maximum allowable stress in compression = 14 ksi Required: Cross-sectional areas of members AG, BC, and CE

At joint D: (by symmetry)

Solution 112

answer

For member BC (At section through MN):

Check:

(OK!)

For member AG (At joint A):

Compression

answer

Compression

For member CE (At joint D): answer Given: Cross sectional area of each member = 1600 mm2. Required: Stresses in members BC, BD, and CF Solution 113

At joint E:

For member BD: (See FBD 01)

Tension

answer For member CF: (See FBD 01)

Compression

answer For member BC: (See FBD 02)

answer Longitudinal Stress (transverse section):

Compression

answer Diameter of cylindrical pressure vessel = 400 mm Wall thickness = 20 mm Internal pressure = 4.5 MN/m2 Allowable stress = 120 MN/m2 Required: Longitudinal stress Tangential stress Maximum amount of internal pressure that can be applied Expected fracture if failure occurs Solution 133 Part (a) Tangential stress (longitudinal section): answer The bursting force will cause a stress on the longitudinal section that is twice to that of the

answer Part (b) From (a), and thus, , this shows that tangential stress is the critical.

transverse section. Thus, fracture is expected as shown.

Solution 135 The critical stress is the tangential stress

answer Given: Thickness of steel plating = 20 mm Diameter of pressure vessel = 450 mm Length of pressure vessel = 2.0 m Maximum longitudinal stress = 140 MPa Maximum circumferential stress = 60 MPa Required: The maximum internal pressure that can be applied Solution 136 Based on circumferential stress (tangential):

Diameter of spherical tank = 4 ft Wall thickness = 5/16 inch Maximum stress = 8000 psi Required: Allowable internal pressure Solution 134

Total internal pressure:

Resisting wall:

Based on longitudinal stress: answer Calculate the minimum wall thickness for a cylindrical vessel that is to carry a gas at a pressure of 1400 psi. The diameter of the vessel is 2 ft, and the stress is limited to 12 ksi.

answer Given: Strength of longitudinal joint = 33 kips/ft Strength of girth joint = 16 kips/ft Internal pressure = 150 psi Use answer Required: Maximum diameter of the cylinder tank Solution 138 For longitudinal joint (tangential stress):

Given: Diameter of the water tank = 22 ft Thickness of steel plate = 1/2 inch Maximum circumferential stress = 6000 psi Specific weight of water = 62.4 lb/ft3 Required: The maximum height to which the tank may be filled with water. Solution 137

Consider 1 ft length

For girth joint (longitudinal stress): Assuming pressure distribution to be uniform:

where:

Use the smaller diameter, answer Given: Allowable stress = 20 ksi Weight of steel = 490 lb/ft3 Mean radius of the ring = 10 inches Required: The limiting peripheral velocity. The number of revolution per minute for stress to reach 30 ksi. Solution 139

From the given data:

answer When , and

answer Given: Stress in rotating steel ring = 150 MPa Mean radius of the ring = 220 mm Density of steel = 7.85 Mg/m3 Required: Angular velocity of the steel ring Solution 140

Centrifugal Force, CF:

Required: Maximum longitudinal and circumferential stress Where: Solution 141 Longitudinal Stress:

From the given (Note: 1 N = 1 kgm/sec2):

answer Given: Wall thickness = 1/8 inch Internal pressure = 125 psi The figure below:

answer Circumferential Stress:

answer answer Steam pressure = 3.5 Mpa Outside diameter of the pipe = 450 mm Wall thickness of the pipe = 10 mm Diameter of the bolt = 40 mm Allowable stress of the bolt = 80 MPa Initial stress of the bolt = 50 MPa Required: Number of bolts Circumferential stress developed in the pipe Solution 29

say 17 bolts

answer

Circumferential stress (consider 1-m strip):