Bacteria: Fermicutes Stapylococcus- MRSA Streptococcus- strep throat, pneumonia Lactobacillus-cheese Bacillus-anthrax, food spoilage, nitrogen fixation Clostridium-Botulism

Actinobacteria Mycobacterium-TB Corynebacterium- diphtheria Streptomyces- antibiotics Cyanobacteria- Spirulina, Oscillatoria, Syenochoccus Proteobacteria Alpha: Rhizobium-ammonification Rickettsia Ricektssii-small, rocky mountain spotted fever Beta: Neissaria- meningitis, ghonorrhea Nitrosomonas- N2 to NH4 Gamma: Legionella- Legionaire's Disease Vibrio Cholerae- Cholera E. Coli Pseudomonas aeruginosa- denitrification Azotobacteria- NH3 to NO2 Sphirocetes Treponema- syphilis Borrelia- Lyme Disease Bacteroidetes:Bacteroids- gastrointestinal tract Fungi: Penicillium- penicillin Saccharomyces- baker's yeast and alcohol Candida- yeast infections Trichophyton- athlete's foot Protists Protozoa:animal like Plasmodium- malaria Algae: plant like Alexandrium and Scenedesmus- marine algae, can float Dunaliella- comsnetics Gram Stains - Gram-positive bacteria have a thick peptidoglycan layer, so they retain the crystal violet and have a purple stain -Gram-negative bacteria have a thin peptidoglycan layer and cannot retain the dark layer. As a result, the safranin counterstain stains the peptidoglycan layer pink. Bacterial Shape Coccus- round Bacillus- rod Spirilium- helix Carbon Cycle carbon fixation happens via photosynthesis -light energy + 6H20 + 6CO2 = C6H12O6 + 6O2 + ATP (energy) -step 1 is the light reactions- ATP and NADPH (energy molecules) are made due to the photons exciting the electrons step 2: Calvin Cycle- carbon fixation occurs via CO2 entering the cycle through the enzyme rubisco

Osmosis: cell walls in plant cells prevent them from losing in hypotonic environments Bacteria Iron Cycle: -hemoglobin and cytochromes contain iron in the form of Ferric Oxide FeO4 -when there is excess, they transform the iron into Ferrous Oxide, FeO2 and put it into the cells -used by magnetotactic bacteria Sulfur Cycle: -sulfur is recycled by hyperthermophiles Prions: -proteins that act as infectious pathogens to humans Viruses: -inject DNA into cells and take over the nucleus and continue to reproduce using the cells mutated DNA -the virus continues to grow until the cell cant hold anymore, and it lysis (blows up) Methanogens- make methane Extreme Halophiles- Salt loving Extreme Thermophiles- heat loving Stapylococcus (treated with antibiotics) Smallpox are a large group of single-celled, prokaryote microorganisms. Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria have a wide range of shapes, ranging from spheres to rods and spirals. is a small infectious agent that can replicate only inside the living cells of organisms. Most viruses are too small to be seen directly with a light microscope. Viruses infect all types of organisms, from animals and plants to bacteria and archaea is a member of a large group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds (British English: moulds), as well as the more familiar mushrooms are a group of single-celled microorganisms. A single individual or species from this domain is called an archaeon (sometimes spelled "archeon"). They have no cell nucleus nor any other membrane-bound organelles within their cells. are a large and diverse group of simple, typically autotrophic organisms, ranging from unicellular to multicellular forms are a diverse group of eukaryotic microorganisms. is an infectious agent composed of protein in a misfolded form.[2] This is in contrast to all other known infectious agents, which must contain nucleic acids (either DNA, RNA, or both) along with protein components

Virus

Fungi

Penicillium

Archae

Acidianus

Algae Protists Prions

ALGAE Slime mold Cruetzfeld Jacob Disease

-examples include Bovine Spongiform Encephostopathy (Mad Cow Disease)