Long Carbon Europe Sections and Merchant Bars

Angelina Predesign charts

The predesign charts allow the designer to get a quick and easy answer concerning the right section to use in his project. The charts are made for non-composite and composite beams in steel grades S355 and HISTAR 460. Explanations for the different assumptions for the calculation are given in the corresponding paragraphs. The Angelina section is obtained from a common hot-rolled profile. The length of the beam (Lt) is usually set by the overall layout of the project from the architect, whereas the parameters a0, s, and w, which actually define only the shape of the opening, are governed by functional requirements and verified by the designer.

hw Ht wend a0 w Lo w

Where a0 s Lo w wend hw Ht Lt

height of the opening length of the sinusoid total length of the opening length of the intermediate web post length of the end web post remaining web height total beam height total beam length

Although every care has been taken during the production of this brochure, we regret that we cannot accept any liability in respect of any incorrect information it may contain or any damages which may arise through the misinterpretation of its contents

Design load:
The design load, qdim, required in the project has to be compared with the ultimate load qu given in the charts. This ultimate load takes into account all criteria required for Ultimate Limit States (ULS) and deflection at Serviceability Limit States (SLS). As a consequence, the design load could be directly compared to the ultimate load. The design load, qdim, expressed in kN/m in the charts, should be calculated using following ULS load combination: qdim = (1,35G + 1,5Q) B

where: B = beam spacing [m], G = permanent load per square meter [kN/m2], Q = variable load per square meter [kN/m2].

qdim in kN/m B

L
Figure 1 Design load

Correct use of the charts:

There are three possible procedures: 1) The section should be identified if the design load, qdim and the span L are known. The first step is to determine the point of intersection of the two lines for qdim and L. The required section is always situated vertically above this point when crossing the curves. Once the section is identified, the size of the opening should be checked against the functional requirements (if any). 2) The design load qdim should be identified if the Angelina section and the span L are known. From the (qu, L) curve of the chosen Angelina section, the ultimate load, qu, can be found. It has to be verified that qdim qu. 3) Identification of the maximum span, L, as a function of qdim = qu for a given Angelina section.

Predesign charts for non-composite Angelina beams

The calculation of non-composite beams has been made with the following assumptions: Deflection limit of L/250 applied only on the variable loads (it is assumed that the deflection due to dead load can be compensated by the pre-cambering). The openings proportions are fixed in such a way that a0= s The web post length w is set to 200 mm.

Non-composite Angelina based on IPE sections, S355 grade

60.00 55.00 50.00

45.00 Total load carrying capacity [kN/m] 40.00

35.00 30.00 25.00

20.00 15.00

10.00 5.00 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 Span [m] 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40

Non-composite Angelina based on HEA sections, S355 grade

60.00 55.00 50.00

45.00 Total load carrying capacity [kN/m] 40.00

35.00 30.00 25.00

20.00 15.00

10.00 5.00 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 Span [m] 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40

Non-composite Angelina based on HEA sections, HISTAR 460 grade 60.00 55.00 50.00 45.00 40.00 35.00 30.00 25.00 20.00 15.00 10.00 5.00 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 Span [m] 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40

Total load carrying capacity [kN/m]

Predesign charts for composite Angelina beams

The calculation of composite beams has been made with the following assumptions:

Materials
The Charts cover the use of S355 and HISTAR 460 steel grades and the normal concrete class C25/30.

Ultimate load
The ultimate load, qu, was established for: B = 3 or 6 meters G represents the weight of the Angelina beam itself and the weight of the slab (gslab = 2,0 kN/m2)

Slab and connection

A composite slab with trapezoidal steel deck was taken into account for establishing these tables. The span of the slab is set to 3 m perpendicular to the beam. The total thickness of the slab is120 mm and the rib height is 60 mm. A full shear connection between the slab and the Angelina section is assumed for calculation of the charts.
3000 mm 180 mm 60 mm 60 mm

Construction phase
The calculations assume that the beam is propped and braced during the construction phase.

Openings
The openings proportions are fixed in such a way that a0= s. Exception is made for some HD profiles, where a0 could differ from s. The web post length w, is set to 200 mm for small profiles and to 250 mm for larger sections (see legend of predesign charts).

Steel decking

Admissible deflection
1000 mm 600 mm 200 mm
The curves consider a deflection limit of L/350 under variable load Q. (it is assumed that the deflection due to dead load can be compensated by the pre-cambering).

Cofradal 200

Alternatively, the composite slab has been replaced by prefabricated slab element Cofradal 200 with a self weight of 2,00 kN/m2. Thanks to this type of element, the beam distance has been set to 6 meters. The effective width is assumed to be 1 m and the available height for shear resistance is 20 cm. 5

Composite Angelina based on IPE sections, S355 grade + COFRAPLUS 60

80.00 75.00 70.00 65.00 60.00 55.00 50.00 45.00 40.00 35.00 30.00 25.00 20.00 15.00 10.00 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 Span [m] 20 22 24 26 28 30 32

Total load carrying capacity [kN/m]

Composite Angelina based on HEA sections, S355 grade + COFRAPLUS 60 80.00 75.00 70.00 65.00 Total load carrying capacity [kN/m] 60.00 55.00 50.00 45.00 40.00 35.00 30.00 25.00 20.00 15.00 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 Span [m] 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40

Composite Angelina based on HEB sections, S355 grade + COFRAPLUS 60

80.00 75.00 70.00 65.00 Total load carrying capacity [kN/m] 60.00 55.00 50.00 45.00 40.00 35.00 30.00 25.00 20.00 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 Span [m] 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40

Composite Angelina based on HD sections, S355 grade + COFRAPLUS 60 160.00 150.00 140.00 130.00 Total load carrying capacity [kN/m] 120.00 110.00 100.00 90.00 80.00 70.00 60.00 50.00 40.00 30.00 20.00 10.00 4 6 8 10 12 Span [m] 14 16 18 20 22

Composite Angelina based on HEA sections, HISTAR 460 grade + COFRAPLUS 60

80.00 75.00 70.00 65.00 Total load carrying capacity [kN/m] 60.00 55.00 50.00 45.00 40.00 35.00 30.00 25.00 20.00 15.00 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 Span [m] 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40

Composite Angelina based on HEB sections, HISTAR 460 grade + COFRAPLUS 60 80.00 75.00 70.00 65.00 Total load carrying capacity [kN/m] 60.00 55.00 50.00 45.00 40.00 35.00 30.00 25.00 20.00 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 Span [m] 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40

Composite Angelina based on HD sections, HISTAR 460 grade + COFRAPLUS 60 160.00 150.00 140.00 130.00 Total load carrying capacity [kN/m] 120.00 110.00 100.00 90.00 80.00 70.00 60.00 50.00 40.00 30.00 20.00 4 6 8 10 12 Span [m] 14 16 18 20 22

Composite Angelina based on HD sections, S355 grade with Cofradal 200

160.00 150.00 140.00 130.00 Total load carrying capacity [kN/m] 120.00 110.00 100.00 90.00 80.00 70.00 60.00 50.00 40.00 30.00 4 6 8 10 12 Span [m] 14 16 18 20 22

Composite Angelina based on HD sections, HISTAR 460 grade with Cofradal 200 160.00 150.00 140.00 130.00 Total load carrying capacity [kN/m] 120.00 110.00 100.00 90.00 80.00 70.00 60.00 50.00 40.00 30.00 4 6 8 10 12 Span [m] 14 16 18 20 22