Code No: T0222 /R07 II B.

Tech II Semester (R07) Supplementary Examinations, Nov/Dec - 2010 ELECTRICAL MACHINES-II (Electrical and Electronics Engineering) Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks

SET - 1

Max Marks: 80

1.

a) Draw and explain phasor diagram of single phase transformer operating on lagging load. (8M) b) A 230 V/ 115 V single-phase transformer takes a no-load current of 2 A at a power factor of 0.2 lagging with low voltage winding kept open. If the low voltage winding is now loaded to take a current of 15 A at 0.8 power factor lagging, find the current taken by high voltage winding. (8M)

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a) Explain various losses and derive the condition for maximum efficiency of a transformer. (8M) b) A 30kVA, 2000 / 200 V, single-phase, 50 Hz transformer has a primary resistance of 3.5 and reactance of 4.5 . The secondary resistance and reactance are 0.015 and 0.02 respectively. Find: i) Equivalent resistance, reactance and impedance referred to primary. ii) Equivalent resistance, reactance and impedance referred to secondary. iii) Total copper loss of the transformer. (8M) a) Derive the equations for the currents supplied by each transformer when two transformers are operating in parallel with equal voltage ratios. (8M) b) The corrected instrument readings obtained from short circuit test on 10 kVA, 450/125V, 50Hz transformer are 9.65 V, 22.2 A, 120 W, with low voltage winding short circuited. Compute voltage regulation for 85% and 50% lagging loads. (8M) a) Discuss the constructional details of the three phase transformers with necessary diagrams. Mention their advantages and disadvantages. (8M) b) Two single phase electric furnaces A and B are supplied at 220 V from a 3-phase 1100 V supply by means of a Scott-connected transformer combination. If the total output is 600 kW at 0.6 power factor lagging, determine the currents in the winding and transformation ratio of each transformer. (8M)

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Code No: T0222 /R07

SET - 1

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a) Compare the similarities and differences between three phase induction motor and transformer. (6M) b) A 3-phase induction motor has a star connected rotor. The rotor e.m.f. (between slip rings) at standstill is 50 V. The rotor resistance and standstill reactance are 0.5 and 3 respectively. Find: i) Rotor current per phase at starting and the slip rings short-circuited. ii) Rotor current per phase at starting if a star connected rheostat of resistance 6 per phase is connected across the slip rings. iii) Full-load rotor current and rotor power factor, if the full load slip is 4 per cent. iv) Rotor e.m.f per phase under full-load condition. (10M) a) Discuss the phenomenon of crawling and cogging in an induction motor (8M) b) The slip ring rotor resistance and stand still reactance per phase of a 3300 V, 24-pole, 50-Hz, 3-phase star-connected induction motor is 0.02 and 0.3 respectively. Calculate: i) The speed at maximum torque. ii) Ratio of full-load torque to maximum torque if full-load torque is obtained at 246 r.p.m. (8M) a) Explain different methods of starting 3-phase induction motor. (8M) b) A Squirrel Cage Induction Motor has a stating current of six times the Full-load current at a slip of 0.04. Calculate the line current and Starting Torque in p .u of full-load values for the following methods of starting: i) Direct switching ii) Auto-transformer starting with motor current limited to twice the full load current iii) Star-delta starting. (8M) a) Explain briefly the different methods of speed control from stator side of 3-phase induction motor. (8M) b) An 8 pole, 50Hz, 3 phase induction motor is running at 4 percent slip when delivering full-load torque. It has standstill rotor resistance of 0.1 and reactance of 0.6 per phase. Calculate the speed of the motor if an additional resistance of 0.5 per phase is inserted in the rotor circuit. The full-load torque remains constant. (8M)

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Code No: T0222 /R07 II B.Tech II Semester (R07) Supplementary Examinations, Nov/Dec - 2010 ELECTRICAL MACHINES-II (Electrical and Electronics Engineering) Time: 3 hours

SET - 2

1.

Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks a) Explain the working principle of transformer and derive the emf equation. (8M) b) The core loss for a given single phase transformer is found to be 2000 W at 50 Hz. Keeping the flux density constant, the frequency at the supply is raised to 75Hz resulting in core loss of 3200W. Compute separately hysteresis and eddy current losses at both the frequencies. (8M)

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a) Define efficiency and regulation of a transformer. Show how the power factor affects both of them. (8M) b) The daily variation on a 100 kVA transformer is as follows: 8.00 AM to 1.00 PM 65 kW, 35 kVAR 1.00 PM to 6.00 PM 80 kW, 50 kVAR 6.00 PM to 1.00 AM 30 kW, 30 kVAR 1.00 Am to 8.00 AM No-load This transformer has no-load core loss of 270 watts and a full-load ohmic loss of 1200 watts. Determine the all-day efficiency of the transformer. (8M) a) Derive the equation for saving in copper in using Auto transformer when compared with two winding transformer. (8M) b) Two single-phase transformers with equal turns have impedances of (0.6 + j4) and (0.8 + j10) with respect to the secondary. If they operate in parallel, determine how they will share total load of 120 kW at 0.8 power factor lagging. (8M) a) Explain the effect of third harmonics in phase voltages of three phase transformers. (8M) b) A 3-phase transformer has a delta-connected primary and is supplied at 11000V.The terminal voltage (line voltage) of the star-connected secondary at 0.8 power factor lagging is 400V. The effective resistance and reactance drops are 1.5% and 6% respectively. Determine the approximate transformation ratio. (8M) a) Explain the principle of 3-phase induction motor with the help of rotating magnetic field. (8M) b) In a 6-pole, 3-phase, 50 Hz motor with star-connected rotor, the rotor resistance per phase is 0.3 , the reactance at standstill is 1.5 per phase, and an e.m.f. between the slip rings on open circuit is 175 V. Find : i) Slip at a speed of 950 r.p.m. ; ii) Rotor e.m.f. per phase ; iii) Rotor frequency and reactance at a speed of 950 r.p.m. (8M) 1of 2

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Code No: T0222 /R07

SET - 2

6.

a) Draw and explain the Slip-Torque characteristics of 3-phase induction motor. (8M) b) The Power input to the rotor of a 440V, 50 Hz, 3- phase, 6 pole induction motor is 50 kW. It is observed that the rotor e.m.f makes 120 complete cycles per minute. Calculate i) Slip ii) Rotor Speed iii) Mechanical Power developed iv) Rotor Copper Loss per phase (8M) A 3 , delta connected, 20 H.P, 440 V, 6-pole, 50 Hz Induction Motor gave the following test results: No load Test: 440 V, 10 A, p.f = 0.2 Blocked rotor test: 200 V, 50 A, p.f = 0.4 All above are the line values. Plot the circle diagram and for full load find: i) The line current ii) The power factor iii) Slip iv) Torque v) Efficiency vi) Maximum Power factor Given that rotor copper losses are equal to stator copper losses at stand still. (16M) a) Explain the speed control methods of 3-phase induction motor in detail. (8M) b) The rotor of a 4-pole,50 Hz, Slip ring induction motor has a resistance of 0.25 per phase and runs at 1440 r.p.m. at full load. Calculate the external resistance per phase which must be added to lower the speed to 1200 r.p.m., the torque being the same as before. (8M)

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Code No: T0222 /R07 II B.Tech II Semester (R07) Supplementary Examinations, Nov/Dec - 2010 ELECTRICAL MACHINES-II (Electrical and Electronics Engineering) Time: 3 hours

SET - 3

Max Marks: 80

1.

Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks a) Explain the constructional details of single phase transformers (8M) b) A single-phase transformer is connected to a 230 V, 50 Hz supply. The net cross-sectional area of the core is 60 cm2. The number of turns in the primary is 500 and in the secondary 100. Determine: i) Transformation ratio. ii) E.m.f. induced in secondary winding. iii) Maximum value of flux density in the core. (8M) a) Discuss the method of calculating All day efficiency of the transformer. (8M) b) A single-phase transformer has percentage regulation of 4 and 4.4 for lagging power factors of 0.8 and 0.6 respectively. The full load copper loss is equal to iron loss. Calculate: i) The lagging power factor at which full load regulation is maximum. ii) The full load efficiency at unity power factor. (8M) a) Explain the procedure for conducting OC and SC tests with neat diagrams (8M) b) Consider a 20 kVA, 2200 /220V, 50 Hz transformer. The OC/SC test results are as follows : O.C. Test : 220 V, 4.2 A, 148 W (l.v. side) S.C. Test : 86 V, 10.5 A, 360 W (h.v. side) i) Determine the regulation at 0.8 p.f. lagging at full load. ii) What is the p.f. on short-circuit. (8M) a) What is the difference between off load and on load tap changing? (8M) b) Three single phase transformers are mesh connected and are supplying a line current of 200A. Determine the current in each transformer. If one unit is faulty and removed, what will be capacity of the new set, if the current in each transformer remains the same? (8M) a) Explain the constructional details of 3-phase induction motors. (8M) b) A 3-phase, 6-pole, 50-Hz induction motor has a slip of 1% at no-load and 3% at full-load. Find : i) Synchronous speed, ii) No-load speed, iii) Full-load speed, iv) Frequency of rotor current at standstill, and v) Frequency of rotor current at full-load. (8M) 1of 2

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Code No: T0222 /R07

SET - 3

6.

a) Develop an expression for torque of an induction motor and obtain the condition for maximum torque. (8M) b) A 36 KW, 3-phase, 4-pole, 50-Hz induction motor has a full-load efficiency of 84 per cent. The friction and windage losses are one-third of the no-load losses and rotor copper losses equal the iron loss at full load. Find the full-load speed. Neglect the stator resistance. (8M) a) Explain the procedure for conducting no load and blocked rotor tests on 3-phase induction motor. (8M) b) The short circuit current of a squirrel cage Induction Motor on normal voltage is 3.5 times the full load current & the full load slip is 4 %. Determine the percentage tapping required to an auto transformer starter to start the motor against 1/3 rd full load torque. Neglect magnetizing current. (8M) a) Explain the speed control of Induction Motor by rotor resistance control method. How this method of speed control is different from stator side speed control methods. (8M) b) The full-load speed of an 8-pole, 50 Hz slip ring motor is 730 r.p.m. The rotor resistance per phase is 0.2 . Calculate the external resistance per phase that must be added to lower the speed to 620 r.p.m. given that the torque is same in the two cases. (8M)

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Code No: T0222 /R07 II B.Tech II Semester (R07) Supplementary Examinations, Nov/Dec - 2010 ELECTRICAL MACHINES-II (Electrical and Electronics Engineering) Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks 1.

SET - 4

Max Marks: 80

a) Draw and explain the phasor diagram of a single phase transformer with leading power factor load. (8M) b) The number of turns on the primary and secondary windings of a transformer are 1000 and 200 respectively. When the load current on the secondary is 100 A at 0.8 power factor lagging, the primary current is 30 A at 0.707 power factor lagging. Determine the no-load current of the transformer and its phase with respect to voltage. (8M) a) Explain the effect of variations of frequency and supply voltage on iron losses. (8M) b) A 30-kVA, single phase transformer has an iron loss of 457 W and copper loss of 125 W, when delivering half the full load. At what percent of the full load will the transformer have maximum efficiency? (8M) a) What are the conditions required for the parallel operation of two transformers. (8M) b) Two single-phase transformers are connected in parallel on both primary and secondary. They have resistances of 0.2 and 0.1 and reactances of 0.35 and 0.6 respectively referred to secondary side. The no-load secondary voltage of each transformer is 550 V. Determine: i) The output current of each transformer and ii) The ratio of kW outputs if the secondary load is 200 A at 0.8 p.f. lagging. (8M) a) With a neat phasor diagram, explain the Scott connection employed for three phase transformer. (8M) b) A 3-phase step down transformer takes 15 A when connected to 4400 V mains. The turn ratio per phase is 10. Neglecting losses find the secondary line voltage, line current and output if the transformer windings are connected i) star / delta, and ii) delta / star. (8M)
a) Derive the expressions for rotor emf and reactance when the Induction motor is under

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running condition. (8M) b) A 3-phase slip ring induction motor gives a reading of 60 V across slip rings on open circuit when at rest with normal stator voltage applied. The motor is star-connected and has impedance of (0.6 + j6) per phase. Find the rotor current when the machine is : i) at stand still with slip rings joined to a star-connected starter with a phase impedance of (5 + j4) ; and ii)running normally with a 4 per cent slip. (8M) 1of 2

Code No: T0222 /R07

SET - 4

6.

a) With a neat diagram explain the equivalent circuit of 3- Double Cage Induction Motor. (8M) b) A balanced 3 phase induction motor has an efficiency of 0.85 when the output is 60HP. At this load the stator and rotor copper losses are equal to the core losses. The mechanical losses are of no load loss. Calculate the slip. (8M)

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a) What are the various types of starters used for squirrel cage rotors? Discuss them. (8M) b) A 3-phase, 400 V induction motor gave the following test readings: No-load test : 400 V, 1250 W, 9 A Short-circuit test : 150 V, 4 kW, 38 A. Draw the circle diagram. If the normal rating is 14.91kW, find from the circle diagram, the full-load values of current, p.f. and slip. (8M)

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a) Explain the principle of operation of induction Generator in detail and what are its limitations. (8M) b) The rotor of 3-phase slip ring induction motor has an induced voltage of 100V and impedance of (0.2+ j1) ohm at stand still. The induction motor has full load slip of 0.04 driving constant torque load and running at 1440 rpm. Calculate the voltage to be injected if the motor is to be driven at i) 800 rpm ii) 1000 rpm. (8M)

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