ANALYSIS OF EXISTING STRUCTURES

Self Supporting Tower 120 m Height

Prepared By; Jemi Dwi Astomo, ST

STANDARD/REFERENCE
TIA/EIA -222-F 1996 STANDARD Structural Standards for Steel Antenna Towers and Antenna Supporting Structures AISC-LRFD99 Manual of Steel Construction ACI-318 -99 Building Code Requirement For Structural Concrete ASCE 7-98 Minimum Design Load For Building and Other Structures

CRITERIA FOR THE ANALYSIS OF EXISTING STRUCTURES

According to TIA/EIA -222-F Structural Standards for Steel Antenna Towers and Antenna Supporting Structures

CRITERIA FOR THE ANALYSIS OF EXISTING STRUCTURES

When Structural Tower Structures Should be Reanalysis ? There is change in antennas, transmission lines, and /or appurtenances ( quantity, size, location or type ) There is a change in Operational Requirements ( Twist and Sway ) There is need to increase wind speed to load scale for safety ratio

CRITERIA FOR THE ANALYSIS OF EXISTING STRUCTURES

To Perform the Analysis, The Following data is Required ! Member Size, Dimension, and Connection Material Properties Existing and Proposed loading ; antennas (size, elevation, and azimuth), and Appurtenances.

CRITERIA FOR THE ANALYSIS OF EXISTING STRUCTURES

Data may be obtained from the following sources ; Previous Stress and Rigidity analysis ( Structure and Foundation ) Structural and detail drawing ( design and as-built ) Specifications Construction Records Field Investigation

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION OF EXISTING STRUCTURES

According to construction records SST 120 m - Height

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION OF TOWER

Materials
Steel Structures SS-400 ( Fy = 2400 kg/cm2 ) Bolt & Nut JIS grade 8.8 (Fy= 5500 kg/cm2 ) Anchor Bolt ASTM A-307 ( Fy= 2400 kg/cm2 ) First Coating Hot Dip Galvanizing ASTM A-123 Welding Electrodes AWS D1.1 E60XX Concrete K-225 ( Fc=19 Mpa ) 28 days Rebar Grade Fy= 240 < 12 mm ( BJTP ) Fy= 320 > 13 mm ( BJTD )

LOADING FOR THE ANALYSIS OF EXISTING STRUCTURES

According to TIA/EIA -222-F Structural Standards for Steel Antenna Towers and Antenna Supporting Structures

LOADING OF TOWER STRUCTURE

LOADING OF TOWER STRUCTURE

Vertical and Horisontal Loading
Dead Load The weight of the Structure and Appurtenance Wind Load The Horizontal force applied to the structures in the direction of wind . F= qz . GH [CF . AE+(CA . AA)] Antenna Load Fa= CA . Kz.GH.V2 Fs= Cs . Kz.GH.V2 M= Cm . Kz.D.GH.V2 Seismic Load

LOADING OF TOWER STRUCTURE

Antenna Load ( MW/Parabolic , GSM )

LOADING OF TOWER STRUCTURE

Antenna Load ( MW/Parabolic , GSM )

REVIEW FOR THE ANALYSIS OF EXISTING STRUCTURES

According to TIA/EIA -222-F Structural Standards for Steel Antenna Towers and Antenna Supporting AISC-LRFD99

REVIEW FOR ANALYSIS TOWER STRUCTURE

Stress i.Qi < Rn ( Member Checking By SAP 2000) Slenderness Ratio
L/r < 150 For Legs member L/r < 200 For Bracing member L/r < 250 For Redundants member

REVIEW FOR ANALYSIS TOWER STRUCTURE

Sway
The angular rotation of the antenna beam path in a Vertical plane

Twist
The angular rotation of the antenna beam path in a Horizontal plane

REVIEW FOR ANALYSIS TOWER STRUCTURE

Sway & Twist

FIELD INVESTIGATION OF EXISTING STRUCTURES

According to TIA/EIA -222-F Structural Standards for Steel Antenna Towers and Antenna Supporting Structures ( Annex E Fig.E6 )

FIELD INVESTIGATION

Twist and Plumb Field Investigation

Twist Angular rotation in horizontal Plane between any two elevation shall not exceed 0.5 degree in 3 meter and total twist in the structure shall not exceed 5 degree. Plumb- The Horizontal distance between the vertical centerlines at any two elevation shall not exceed 0.25 percent of the vertical distance between the two elevation .

FIELD INVESTIGATION
Twist and Plumb

FIELD INVESTIGATION
SOIL INVESTIGATION TEST
SONDER TEST BORING TEST

VERYFICATION LOADING
TIA/EIA -222-F Vs Indonesia Loading code PMI/PPI83

VERYFICATION LOADING
FORMULA ( WIND FORCE CALCULATION ) N O 1 TIA/EIA-222-F DESCRIPTION 2 UNIT ( SI ) 3 FORMULA 4 UNIT ( SI ) 5 PMI/PPI'1983 FORMULA 6 REMARKS 7

1 2

BASIC WIND SPPEED ( STANDARD SATELINDO ) VELOCITY PRESSURE *

KPh Pa

120 qz=0.613.KZ.V2

Kph Kg/m2

120 p=42.5+0.6 h or V2/16 Kz= (z/10)2/7 h = height of tower z = height above ground level

STRUCTURE FORCE COEFFICIENTS ( 3D Analysis Modeler)

CF=4.0 e2-5.9e+4.0

Not Applicable

e = ( AF + AR )/AG e = Solidity Ratio

Wind Direction Factor ( Normal Wind Direction )

+1.6 ( front wind dir.) +1.2 ( behind wind dir.)

GUST RESPONSE FACTOR

GH=.65+0.6(h/10)1/7 1.0<GH<1.25

Not Applicable

h = height of tower

DESIGN WIND LOAD

F=qz.GH[CF.AE+(CA.A A)]

F=P.C.A

(CA.AA)] = Discrete Apportunance

* see Grafik verify PMI & TIA/EIA-22-F

VERYFICATION LOADING
VELOCITY PRESSURE