HISTORY THE EARLIEST SOCIETIES 1. Answer the following questions in one or two sentences: 1.

What did the early humans gather for subsistence? The early humans depended on hunting and food gathering for their subsistence. They used carcasses of animals. After that they used tools and weapons to hunt and consume the fresh raw meat. 2. Who were nomads? The early humans were nomads. They moved from one place to another in groups. They also made seasonal migration to find fruits in a particular season. 3. What is the time period of the early humans called and why? The early humans lived in prehistoric period in caves. In that period they were no cities, no transportation, and no machines to help them. This period in the history of humans is known as The Prehistoric period. 4. Define Knapping. The process of flint, a type of stone was shaped by breaking of chips to create sharp edges and the desired shape of a particular tool was called knapping. 5. Name the divisions of the Stone Age. What was their duration? The Stone Age has been divided into three broad periods: Palaeolithic Age or Old Stone Age from 500000 BCE to 10000 BCE. Mesolithic age or Middle stone age from 10000 BCE to 4000BCE.

Neolithic or new stone age from 4000BCE to 1000BCE.

6. Give the reasons for the migration of early humans. The early humans migrated To find food. To find fruits. To hunt animals that moved from place to place. 7. What were the advantages of discovery of fire for early humans? The fire provided light and kept early humans warm. To scare away wild animals. It helped them to eat roasted and cooked food instead of raw meat. 8. What were the uses of the tools of the early humans? The tools were used to hunt animals to scrape off the skin of animals. To cut pieces of meat. To cut roots and fruits. To fell trees and clear forests. 9. What do you mean by Pressure Flaking? Pressure flaking means a technique which was used during upper Palaeolithic Period. In this a proper stone tool with handle was used. It was used for sharpening a piece of stone into a tool. These were more handy. 10. Describe the Stone Age sites discovered in the Hunsgi and Baichbal valleys. Hunsgi and Baichbal valley was located in the Gulbarga District of Karnataka. Artifacts discovered from Hunsgi were hand axes, cleavers, scrapers and knives. The water supply was a factor for human occupation in the valleys from the earliest times.