Faculty of Engineering

BRISTOL

MODULE NT]MBER

tiEE035H2
MODULE NAME

ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY
Date: Thursday3f May 2001 Time: 13.30 16.10 Instructions Candidates: to . Examination Type Level2 Frnal

AttemptFOUR questions All questions carryEQUAL marks

QUESTTON I (a) Define the meaning of power factor irrespectiveof the nature of voltage and current' [2 marks] The majorityof industrialmotorsareinductionmotors,which havea reasonably high power factor (i.e 0.9 or so) at full load.Explainwhy thesemachines havea very low power factorat light loadsor no-load(i.e. in orderof 0.1). [3 marks] A three phase,50 Hz, 415 volts induction motor has an efliciency of 90Yoand it developsa power of 135 KW at a power factor of 0.75 lagging A bank of capacitorsis connectedin delta acrossthe supply terminals to raise its power factorto 0.95 lagging.Eachof the capacitance units is built of five similar 83 volts capacitors. (i) (ii) Draw the system'sschematic diagram 12marlcl

(b)

(c)

Demonstrate the concept of power factor correction with the power trianglephasordiagram 13marksl Determine capacitance eachcapacitor. the of [15 marks]

(iii)

?--

\ I
\-, I

\,-

.\r,.-.\

I I
I

Module Name: ElectricalTechnology Module Number: UEEO35H2

Page2 Examination Type: Final 2000t01

2 QUESTTON
(a) power as S : P + jQ:VI* and the impedance the load as Given the apparent of Z:R+jX, assume currentof I flows throughthe load. Showthe real and a reactivepower in termsof voltageV. [3 marksl generator A three-phase power to threebalanced, supplies three-phase loadsvia a three-phase transmission line which has an impedance 0 3 + j3 0 Q/phase The of loadsare connected parallel.The first load is absorbing total of 120 KW and in a 90 KVAr The second load is deltaconnected hasan impedance and of -j39 O/phase. 165 The third load absorbs100 KW at 0.6 power factor leading The line to neutralvoltageat the load end is 240 V , (i) Draw the threephase andthe singleline diagrams the abovesystem. of [5 marks] Calculatethe total currentdrawn by loads.

(b)

(ii) (iii)

[12marks]

the Calculate magnitude the line voltaseat the senerator of end. [5 marks]

ModuleName: ElectricalTechnology Module Number: UEEO35H2

Page3 Examination Type: Final 2000101

QUESTTON3 (a) The ratingand resistances a dc generator given as: of are 20 KW, 220 volts and 1800rpm Armatureresistance: f) 0.1 field resistance. 0.05 f) Series 1 Shuntfield resistance: 10f) The generator connected a long shuntcompound. is as (i) (ii) (iii) (iu) (v) Draw a schematic diagramfor the generator connection. Determine terminalcurrent. the Calculatethe field and the armaturecurrent Computethe armature back emf

[2 marks] [2 marks] [4 marks] [4 marks]

Calculatethe effectivefield currentgiven the datafor the magnetisation curveat a ratedspeed 1800rpm in the following table. of

[5 marks] E" (V) 5 Ir (A) 0 0 25 0.1 50 025

r00
05

150

0 75

200 1 0

215

125

225 1 5

240 2.0

(b)

the delivers line currentof 5A on no-load,calculate a Assumingthe generator at speedof the generator no-load [8 marksl

Module Name: ElectricalTechnology Module Number: UEEO35}f2

Page4 Examination Type: Final 2000/01

QUESTTON 4 (a) Figure Q4 shows a composite magnetic circuit consisting of three different magneticmaterialsof different permeabilities and lengthswith an air gap.Deduce an expression the total reluctance the circuit. for of [5 marks] If permeabilities, lengthsand cross sectionalareasfor various parts of figure Q4 aregiven as:
: r1".1 800 Llrcast F r c a s t i r o n :1 6 0 : l. t rm u m e ta l 1 0 0 0 lf,o: 4n.70-7 : Lcas steel 0.33 m L c a r t i r o= 0 . 3 3 m n I-rnumetal :0.20m Lairsup _ 0.02 cm A, : 2 x l0-3 m2 Ai:4 x 10-3 m2 A .:4 x 10-3 111' Atu - 4 x l0-3 ^'

(b)

and the castiron is wound with a coil of 500 turns, calculate : (i) The ampereturns requiredto producea flux densityof 8Xl0-4 Wb

[12marksl
(ii) (c) Calculatethe currentin the coil.

[3 marks]

In Figure Q4 assumingthe relative permeabilities the cast iron, cast steel and of mumetal cores tends to infinity(+ co ) and the coil has N turns with total resistance R. If this coil is connected a sinusoidalsource[v(t)], where of to v(t) - VCos rrlt,showthat the average magneticenergystoredin the coil is: W: YzL 12: [po Nt &irg"pV2 I [4L^br"Bt] ] [5 marks]

4q

Ls
\ {'

cg"

xI

FigureQ4

Module Name: ElectricalTechnology Module Number: UEEO35Tf2

Page5 Examination Type: Final

2000/0 r
s QUESTTON
(a) Discussbriefly why the transformer's rating is given in KVA ratherthanKW. [3 marts] A factory hastwo identicalsingle-phase (in transformers terms of electrical parameters etc).Presently one transformersuppliespower to loads.Occasionally, the rating of the load exceeds rating of the transformer. the With the aid of a schematic diagramdemonstrate how the second transformercould be connected to the existingsystemconfigurationto meetthe demand. [3 marks]

(b)

(c)

A 4.8 KVA, 50 Hz, 2401480volts, single-phase transformerhas equivalent resistanceand reactancereferred to the low voltage side as 0.5Q and l.5C) respectively The secondary side of the transformersuppliespower to a load, at a rating of 3/a the full load condition. of (i) (ii) Draw the equivalentcircuit diagramof the system

[3 marks]

Calculate resistanceand reactanceof the transformer referred to the secondary. [3 marks] Determine the load terminal voltage of the transformerfor 0.8 lagging power factor [8 marks] Computethe input power of the transformer, given the core (iron) loss as 100watts. [5 marks]

(iii)

(i")

Module Name: ElectricalTechnology Module Number: UEEO35TT2

Page6 Examination Type: Final 2000101

QUESTTON 6 A three phasestar connected load of 2000 KVA, 0.8 power factor is suppliedat 6.6 KV, 50 Hz by meansof a 33KV transmissionline, 20 Km long and a three phasestar-star transformerwith 5: I ratio The resistance reactance Km per phaseof eachline are per and 0.4 Q and 0.5 Q respectively. The transformer parameters phaseare: per

Primary resistance: C) 7.5 Primary reactance: .2 Q l3

(i)

resistance: C) 0.35 Secondary reactance. C) 0.65 Secondary

Draw a one-lineand threephasecircuit diagramof the network.

[4 marks]
(ii) Calculatethe load current.

[3 marksl

(iii)

Determine voltage necessary the sending of thetransmission the at end line when 6.6 KV is maintained the load end. at [15marks]
Calculatepower loss of the network.

(i")

[3 marks]