SECTION I No 1. 2. 3. 4. 1.

UNDERSTANDING runner has Inertia to continue moving forward the legs stop, body continue moving forward Unstable and fall When the ball on one end is pulled up and let to fall, it strikes the second ball which is at rest and comes to a dead stop. 2. The momentum of the ball becomes zero as its velocity is zero. 3. The Principle of Conservation of Momentum states that in a collision between two objects the total momentum of the objects in the system remains unchanged. 4. The energy and momentum from the first ball is transferred to the second ball and then transmitted through the balls at rest to the ball on the other end. 5. Because the momentum and energy is maintained in this system, the ball on the opposite side will move at the same velocity as the ball that were in initial motion [Any four] 1. The boat floats, so Weight of the boat = Weight f the water displaced = Buoyant force 2. As the weigh of the boat is the same so the weight of water displaced in the river and the sea water also the same 3. Density of sea water is higher than river water 4. Volume of water displaced in the sea is less than in the river, Level of the boat is higher in the sea than in the river 1. When the boiled water is poured onto the ping pong ball, The temperature of the air/gas will increase/ the kinetic energy increase 2. The rate of collision between molecules and wall of the ball will increase so the pressure will increase, 3. the ball will expand, so the volume will increase 4. when the volume increased, area of collision increased, so lastly the pressure will remain the same 1. When water in tube pass through the engine it can absorb large amount of heat energy 2 Once water reach the radiator, the heat of the water absorbed by the fin blade of the radiator 3 The same time the fan in the radiator push the heat out of the car. 4 Water has high specific heat capacity 1. For the fish, the light is refracted / change direction at B. 2. the light is refracted away from normal, towards the observers eyes 3. For the dragon-fly, the light is reflected by water surface at A. 4. Reflected angle = incidence angle, reflected towards the observers eyes 1. the air close to the surface is much colder than the air above it. 2. Light travels from denser to less dense medium 3. Light rays refracted away from normal line and bent downward toward the surface 4. thus tricking our eyes into thinking an object is located higher in appearance than it actually is - the observer will see the image of the ship due to light travels in a straight line Total mark

From the ray diagram [1.different medium (water/air), fish and observer 2.Light refracted away from normal 3. Extrapolation to show position of the observing image] 4. so, he should shoot the target at the lower position of the image

No

UNDERSTANDING

Total mark

10

1 - parallel ray between the condenser lens 2 - Two rays from condenser lens touching the end of the object 3 - two rays comes out from the convex lens reflected by the mirror 4 - image formed on the screen 5 - magnified, real, inverted 1. waves move from deeper to shallow area 2. the speed decreases 3. the wave refracted towards the normal line 4. the wave front which perpendicular to the direction of propagation of waves resulting the wave front following the shape of the beach 1. waves move from deeper to shallow area 2 the speed decreases // the wave refracted towards normal line 3. the depth at cape decreases abruptly resulting waves focused at cape 4. the depth at bay decreases slowly resulting waves spread out 5. the energy of waves is smaller at bay resulting calmer region compared to at cape 1. Use ultrasound, ultrasound is transmitted to the sea bed 2. a receiver will then detect the reflected pulses 3. the time taken by the pulse to travel to the seabed and return to the receiver being recorded, t 4. the depth of the sea can be calculated using the formula, d = vt/2 1. Wave length depends on depth of water 2. Increasing/decreasing of depth will cause the wave to refract 3. Refraction will increase/decrease the length of wavelength 4. The nodal/antinodal line will be affected 1. A parallel circuit can run several devices using the full voltage of the supply. 2. If one device fails, the others will continue running normally 3 A failure of one component does not lead to the failure of the other components. 4 More components may be added in parallel without the need for more voltage. 5. Each electrical appliance in the circuit has it own switch 6. Less effective resistance of the circuit [any 4] 1. The lighted candle / the heat from the candle causes the air molecules to be ionized. 2. The positive charges would be attracted to the negative plate and/or the negative charges would be attracted to the positive plate 3. The flame of the candle would be dispersed (flattened) into two parts // suitable diagram 4. Positive charges are heavier than negative charges 5. More of the flame is attracted to the negative plate //diagram (any 4 correct)

11

12

13

14

15

No

UNDERSTANDING [ show structure diagram of transformer] 1. An alternating current flows through primary coil 2. The soft iron core is magnetised 3. The magnetic field produced varies in magnitude and direction 4. This causes a changing magnetic flux to pass through the secondary coil 5 An induced emf across the secondary coil is produced 1. When a high current flow, the magnetic field becomes stronger 2. Electromagnet attracts the soft iron armature. 3. spring P pulls the wire and break the contact, the current does not flow // the circuit is disconnected. 4. When reset button is pressed, spring Q pulls the soft iron armature back to its original Position 1. Magnetic field produced by the current in the coil 2. interact with the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 3. producing the catapult field 4. produces resultant force 1. intrinsic semiconductor such as silicon atom 2. doped with pentavalent atom such as phosphorous 3. each pentavalent atom contributes one free electron and there is an excess electron 4. the excess free electrons become negative charge carrier in n-type semiconductor 1. Anode of diode (p- type) connected to positive terminal of battery/ vice versa 2. Electron from n-type drift to p-n junction towards positive terminal 3. Holes from p-type drift across p-n junction towards negative terminal 4. Movement of electrons and holes produced current, thus the bulb lights up 1. Radioactive ray enter the tube through the mica window 2. ionizes argon gas under low pressure 3. The ions accelerate towards respective electrodes 4. Produce a current pulses 5. Pulses are recorded by rate meter [Any 4]

Total mark

16

17

18

4 4

19

20

4 4

21

SECTION II Question 1 [Force and Pressure] Characteristics Streamlined shape High strength of metal Wide base cross section area High volume of air space in the ship Structure U To reduce water resistance To withstand high water pressure So that ship can float//prevent from overturn // ship more stable // ship not sink deeper Increase buoyant force Because it has streamlined shape, high strength of metal, wide base cross section area, high volume of air space in the ship Explanation

Question 2 [Force and Pressure] Characteristics Material made from glass Small diameter of stem High density of shot Big diameter of bottom bulb Choose N Explanation Glass does not corrode with acid To increase the sensitivity of the hydrometer Makes the hydrometer stays upright To obtaine a bigger upthrust. N is made from glass, has small diameter of capillary tube, high density of shots and a big diameter of bottom bulb.

Question 3 [Force and Pressure] Specification With ABS Wide tyres Low mass Low seat height C Explanation To reduce jerking when it is stopped immediately / can be controlled if direction changes/ does not move side ways Better support / more stable /safer when turn Lighter, can move faster / low inertia. Lower centre of gravity/ more stable It has ABS, wide tyres, low mass, low seat height.

Question 4 [Force and Pressure] Specification High specific heat capacity High melting point Difficult to compress Use ceramic S Explanation The rate of temperature increased caused by friction is low Does not easily change in shape when the temperature is high Pressure will be transmitted uniformly in all directions Can withstand high temperature // less dust produced Because it has high specific heat capacity, high melting point, difficult to be compressed and use ceramic.

Question 5 [Heat] Characteristics High boiling point Low viscosity High specific heat capacity A low ability to react with metals K is the most suitable liquid Explanation It will not easily change into gas when absorb heat from the engine It will not freeze during cold weather//can flow at low temperature It can absorb a big quantity of heat with small rise in temperature The metal parts of the engine will not corrode easily Because of its low freezing point, high boiling point, high specific of heat capacity and low ability to react with metals

Question 6 [Light] Specification Type of objective lens is convex lens Focal length of the objective lens is big D < fo + fe Diameter of the objective lens is large Lens S Reason To converge the light and produce real image To get higher magnification power To get virtual and magnified image More light can be captured , the image formed is brighter Because lens used is convex lens, focal length of the objective lens is big, D < fo + fe and diameter of the objective lens is large

Question 7 [Electromagnetism] Characteristic Low resistivity Low density Low rate of oxidation Low rate of thermal expansion Cable Q Explanation To reduce heat loss in the cables The cables will be lighter Not easily rust / corrode The cables will not expand under hot weather Low resistivity, low density, low rate of oxidation, low rate of thermal Expansion

Question 8 [Electromagnetism/Electronic] Characteristic Low density of the coil High frequency of rotation Use 4 diodes Has capasitor in the circuit Circuit I Lighter / less mass The rate of change of magnetic field is higher, more current induced Full wave rectification to get a d.c. To smooth the direct current obtained Because it has low density coil, high frequency of rotation, consist 4 diodes and has capasitor in the circuit. Reason

Question 9 [Electronic] Characteristics The valency of the intrinsic semiconductor is 4 The valency of the doping substance are 3 or 5 Size of the atom of the doping substance is almost same as the size of the substance Substance T Explanation When it is doped, the conductivity of the semiconductor increase Valency of 3 is used to produce hole as majority charge carrier (P type) and valency of 5 is used to produce electron as majority charge carrier (N type) Can maintain the crystalline structure of the substance/ Give good effect in the doping process Because the valency of the intrinsic semiconductor is 4, The valency of the doping substance are 3 or 5 and the size of the doping substance is almost the same as the size of the substance

Type of pure semiconductor is Silicon Because it has greater power handling (its not easy to get overheated)

Question 10 [Radioactivity] Properties Type of radiation is gamma Long half-life Solid Low ionizing power K Has high penetrating power Long lasting Easy to handle Does not ionize healthy cells / does not cause cell mutation Because it radiates gamma ray, the half-life is long, the state of matter is solid and it has low ionizing power Reason

SECTION III - CONCEPTUALIZATION Question (a) (b) (i) (ii) 1 (iii) (iv) (v) Answer 1.17 cm , 1.173 cm The reading in Diagram 1.1 is less accurate than the reading in Diagram 1.2 The smallest scale in Diagram 1.1 is larger than the smallest scale in Diagram 1.2 The smaller the smallest scale of an instrument, the more accurate the measurement The smaller the smallest scale of an instrument, the more sensitive the instrument The higher the sensitivity the instrument, the more accurate of the measurement TOTAL Mark 2 1 1 1 1 1 7

Question (a)(i) (ii) 2 (iii) (iv) F 1 = F2 , F 3 = F 4

Answer The direction of the two forces involved in both diagrams are opposite to each other For any action, there is a reaction which has the same magnitude but acts in the opposite direction. Newton third Law of Motion TOTAL

Mark 1 1 1 1 1 5

Question (i) (a) 3 (b) (ii)

Answer The total mass of the lorry and the load in Q is larger than in P The difficulties in stopping the lorry Q is more than lorry P When the mass of the lorry and the load is larger, the more difficult to stop it. The difficulties in stopping the lorry is due to the inertia which tend to maintain the state of motion. When the mass of the object larger, the inertia is greater. TOTAL

Mark 1 1 1 1 1 7

Question (a)(i) (ii) (iii) 4 (b) (c)

Answer Density of salt solution is higher than density of water The portion of the block immersed in salt solution is less than in water Buoyant force acted in both liquid are same Factors affect the buoyant force in diagram 4 are density and volume of liquid displaced For the same buoyant force, when the density of the liquid is higher, the volume of liquid displaced is less Archimedes Principle TOTAL

Mark 1 1 1 1 1 1 6

Question (a) (b)(i) (ii) (iii) (c) (d)

Answer Temperature is the measurement of the average kinetic energy of the molecules in an object / system Temperature of trap air in diagram 5.2 is higher than in diagram 5.1 Pressure of trap air in diagram 5.2 is higher than in diagram 5.1 Volume of trap air in diagram 5.2 and 5.1 are equal When the temperature of the air increase, the volume is also increase Pressure Law TOTAL

Mark 1 1 1 1 1 1 6

Question (a)(i) (ii) (iii) 6

Answer Real image is the image that can form on the screen. The object distance is longer than the focal length to form real image Object distance in Diagram 6.1 is shorter than that in Diagram 6.2 Image distance in Diagram 6.1 is longer than that in Diagram 6.2 Size of image in Diagram in 6.1 is larger than that in Diagram 6.2 When the object distance is longer, the image distance is shorter When the image distance is shorter, the size of image is smaller TOTAL

Mark 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 7

Question (a)(i) (ii) 7 (b)

Answer In diagram 7.1, light propagates from low density medium to high density medium In diagram 7.2, light propagates from high density medium to low density medium In diagram 7.1 direction of light travel towards normal but in diagram 7.2 direction of light is away from normal When light travels from low density medium to high density medium, light bends towards normal and when light travels from high density medium to low density medium, it will bend away from normal Refraction of light TOTAL

Mark 1 1 1 1 1 1 6

(b)

Question (a)(i) (ii) 8 (iii) (b)

Answer In diagram 8.1, density of layer of air close to ground is lower than density of layer of air at upper part. In diagram 8.2, density of layer of air close to ground is higher than layer of air upper part. Direction of propagation of sound waves in diagram 8.1 is away from the earth (upward) but in diagram 8.2 it propagates toward the earth (downward) The loudness of sound that can be heard in diagram 8.2 is greater than that in Diagram 8.1 If the density of air close to the ground is higher than the air at the upper part, the direction of propagation of the sound is directed towards the ground, therefore the sound can be heard louder / vice versa TOTAL

Mark 1 1 1 1 4

Question (a) (b)(i) (ii) 10 (iii) (c) (i) (ii)

Answer Negative In Diagram 10.1, there is no electric field while in diagram 10.2, the electric field exist between the plates The voltage of EHT between two plates in diagram 10.2 (a) is smaller than that in Diagram 10.2 (b) The angle of deflection of the cathode ray in diagram 10.2 (a) is smaller than that in Diagram 10.2 (b) When the voltage between EHT is higher, the strength of electric field is stronger The stronger the electric field, the bigger the deflection of the cathode ray. TOTAL

Mark 1 1 1 1

1 1 6

SECTION IV PROBLEM SOLVING (QUALITATIVE) QUESTION 1 Characteristics The valency of the intrinsic semiconductor is 4 The valency of the doping substance are 3 or 5 Size of the atom of the doping substance is almost same as the size of the substance Substance T Explanation When it is doped, the conductivity of the semiconductor increase Valency of 3 is used to produce hole as majority charge carrier (P type) and valency of 5 is used to produce electron as majority charge carrier (N type) Can maintain the crystalline structure of the substance/ Give good effect in the doping process Because the valency of the intrinsic semiconductor is 4, The valency of the doping substance are 3 or 5 and the size of the doping substance is almost the same as the size of the substance

QUESTION 2 No 7(a)(i) (ii) (b) Answer Interference Constructive interference = 340 2000 = c 0.17 m 1 1 and x // x 1/f 1 1 1 1 Mark 1 1 1

Increase f (d)(i) 1/f

speaker to convert and produce wave which has same frequency and amplitude

(ii)

destructive interference

QUESTION 3 suggestion Thin fuse low specificheat capacity Ceramic catridge Fuse rating 13 A Melting point must be low has high resistance It take shorter time to heat up/ to reach melting point /blow the fuse Can withstand higher temperature Normal current of device is 2400/240 = 10 A. Maximum rating must be higher than normal current Easy to melt (blow faster) reason

QUESTION 4 suggestion Attach one fuse to the live wire in the consumer unit/ fuse box. Using the insulating wires // thicker wires Attach switch for each lamp Connect the metal fitting lamp to the earth wire/cable Using only 240 V light bulb. reason To break /switch off the circuit when large current before the wire become hotter and produce fire. To prevent short circuit // To reduce resistance, improve efficiency To allows each lamp to be switched on and off independently To flows electron (extra) to earth to avoid lethal shock To ensure the bulbs light up with normal brightness

QUESTION 5 suggestion Handle made from insulator The body is made from low density material Coiled wire for the filament Material for heating filament is nichrome Connection to earth // fuse reason The rate of heat flow to the handle is less, does not easily heated Reduce mass, iighter Can fit longer wire inside, more heat is released High melting point Flow the excess /overload current to earth if there is a short circuit / blown when it is excess of current flow

QUESTION 6 suggestion Soft spring Small density Curve in shape of the magnet Low resistance material of the coil Place the seismometer in direct contact with the earth reason Give a greater sensitivity/ can detect small changes Small mass / ligh Radial magnetic field, create uniform strength of magnetic field around the coil To reduce energy loss to convert very small motions of the earth into electrical signals

10

QUESTION 7 suggestion use thin diaphragm Use strong material More number of turns of coil Thicker diameter of wire of coil Using more powerful magnet to increase the strength of the magnetic field Easy to vibrate Not easy to break Increase the rate of change of magnetic flux linkage // The magnitude of the induced current or is also increased reduce the resistance of the coil Increase the rate of change of magnetic flux linkage //The magnitude of the induced current or induced electromotive force is also increased reason

QUESTION 8 suggestion OR gate One of the input X is connected to +6 V Place the resistor in base circuit Use buzzer in the collector circuit Relay switch reason The gate's output is ON if either one sensor is ON To supply an ON signal to gate X, so the current flow into the base of the transistor To limit the current flow in the base circuit, The current amplification of the transistor is higher It converts the electrical signal into sound energy To switch on the buzzer which is use a greater voltage

11

SECTION V PROBLEM SOLVING (QUANTITATIVE) QUESTION ANSWER a = (a) 1 = = -2 m s

-2

MARK

(b)

s = (0+4) x 2 =4m m1u1+ m2u2= m1v1 + m2v2 (0.05)(0.8) + (0.03)(0) = 0 + (0.03) v2 -1 v2 = 1.33 m s m1v1 - m2u2 = 0 (0.05)(0.8) -1 = -0.04 kg m s Impulsive force = -0.04 / 0.05 = 0.8 N

(a) 2 (b) (c)

2 1

4 3

1 mark for correct parallelogram lines (measurement & angle). 1 mark for correct diagonal line. 1 mark for direction of the resultant force. 1 mark for magnitude with correct unit : 13.8cm X 2.5 = 34.5N = (a) 4 (b) B = 375 N 2 x 21 = B x 15 B = 2.8 cm P=F/A F = 400 x 50 F = 20000 N Resultant Force = 20 000 900(10) = 11000 N (b) Direction of force : upwards Mass = density x volume -3 3 Mass = 0.169 kg m x 1.2 m = 0.20 kg

(a) 5

(a)

12

QUESTION

(b)

ANSWER -3 3 m = 1.3 kg m x 1.2 m =1.56kg Weight of displaced air = bouyant force = mg = 1.56 x 10 = 15.6 N V = 0.2 x 0.8 = 0.16 m
3

MARK 3

(a) 7 (b) (c)

B = Vg = 0.16 x 1000 x 10 = 1600 N mass = 1600 10 = 160 kg

2 1

4 8 = x 100 o = 35 C = 308 K Q = Pt = 48 x 5 x 60 // 14 400 J Q = mc -3 14 400 = 500 x 10 ( c ) ( 80 40 ) -1 o -1 c = 720 J kg C (with unit ) Heat supplied by liquid = Heat received by water -3 ( 500 x 10 )(720)(80 - ) = (1) ( 4200)( - 25 ) o = 29.34 C (with unit)

(a) 9

(b)

= 90o 30o
= 60 10 1.33 =
o

= 58.75o

sin sin 40o

(a)

1 =1 + 1 f u v 1 = 1 1 v 5 400 v = 5.063 cm h2 = v2 h1 v1

11

2 (b) h2 = 5.063 100 400 h2 = 1.27 cm I = = 0.83 A 2 R = V P 2 = 240 = 288 200 (a) 10A or 13 A V = IR = 9 x 26.7 = 240.3 V P = IV = 9 x 240.3

12

13 (b)

4 = 2162.7 W 13

QUESTION (a) 14 (b)

ANSWER 2 = I(1 +5) I = 0.33 A R = ( 1/5 + 1/12) = 3.53 2 = I( 1 + 3.53) I = 0.44 A 12 V Np = Vp Ns Vs Np = 240 x 200 12 = 4000 Efficiency = Po x 100 Pi = 240 x 0.2 x 100 48 = 100 % I = 24/12 = 2A (with unit) Efficiency = Output power x 100 % Input power = 24 x 100 40 = 60W
-1

MARK 2

(a)

(b) 15

(c)

(a)

16 (b) Input power

3 17
7 -1

3.75 x 10 m s

VQ =
(a)

500 12000 + 500

= 0.48 V

12

The bulb not light up 18

1 =
(b)

500 R1 + 500

12

R1 = 5500 (a) (b) 3 alpha particles 2 beta particles t = 33.5 /6.7 = 5 T1/2 32 16 8 4 2 1 g M = (230.0331) - (226.0254 + 4.0026) = 0.0051 u -27 -30 = 0.0051 x l.66 x 10 kg = 8.466 x 10 kg + 1

19

(c)

20

(a)

2 14

QUESTION (b)

ANSWER 2 E = mc -30 8 2 = 8.466 x 10 x (3 X 10 ) -13 = 7.619 x 10 J E = mc 11 8 2 2.9 x 10 - = m x (3.0 x 10 ) -28 m = 3.22 x 10 kg Power obtained P = E/t -11 -3 = 2.9 x 10 /1.5 x 10 -8 = 1.93 x 10 W
2

MARK 2

(a) 21 (b)

SECTION VI PAPER 3

QUESTION 1 NO i a ii iii Height, h Acceleration, a The frequency of the ticker timer, f Calculate the acceleration, a h = 20.0 cm h = 30.0 cm b h = 40.0 cm h = 50.0 cm h = 60.0 cm a = 9.0/0.1 7.8/0.1 0.1 a = 9.8/0.1 7.4/0.1 0.1 a = 10.2/0.1 6.6/0.1 0.1 a = 11.0/0.1 6.2/0.1 0.1 a = 11.4/0.1 5.4/0.1 0.1 = 120 cms
-2

MARKING CRITERIA

MARK 1 1 1

REMARK

= 240 cms = 360 cms = 480 cms = 600 cms

-2

-2

2
-2

-2

Note: 1. All 5 values correct 2 marks 2. 3 or 4 values correct 1 mark

15

NO Height, h (cm) 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0

MARKING CRITERIA Initial velocity, -1 u (cm s ) 78.0 74.0 66.0 62.0 54.0 Final velocity, -1 v (cm s ) 90.0 98.0 102.0 110.0 114.0 Acceleration, a -2 (cm s ) 120.0 240.0 360.0 480.0 600.0

MARK

REMARK

Give a tick () based on the following: A a table which has h, u, v and a B state name, symbol and correct unit for each column C All values of h are correct D All values of u are correct E All values of v are correct F All the values are consistent in 1 d.p or 2 d.p.

Marks awarded :
Number of 6 45 23 1 Marks 4 3 2 1

16

NO

MARKING CRITERIA

MARK

REMARK

Give a tick () based on the following: A Title of the graph B a at the y-axis, h at the x-axis C Name, symbol and unit for a D Name, symbol and unit for h E Uniform scale at both axis 5 points plotted correctly F

[Note : 4 points plotted correctly : ]

G Straight line of best fit is drawn H Size of the graph is size of the graph paper

Marks awarded :
Number of 9 8 6-7 4-5 2-3 1 d e a increases linearly with h Avoid parallax error by making sure eyes are perpendicular to the scale of metre rule when measuring the height. TOTAL Marks 6 5 4 3 2 1 1 1 16

17

QUESTION 2 NO a b i
2

MARKING CRITERIA

MARK 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 TOTAL 12

REMARK

T is directly proportional to m Draw line from m = 25 g to the given line and from the given line to the T2- axis
T = 0.30, T = 0.5477 s ( 2 4 d.p.) Extrapolate the line to 0.75 or beyond
2

ii

m = 62.0 g

i c

Draw a sufficiently large triangle Correct substitution (Follow candidates triangle) 0.60 / 50 State the correct value and unit 0.012 s2 g-1
m / T = 1 / 0.012
2

ii

k = 39.45 (1 / 0.012) k = 3287.5 g s

-2

Avoid parallax error by making sure eyes are perpendicular to the scale of stop watch when measuring the height.

18

SECTION VII PAPER 3 Question1 [Force and Motion]

No 1 (a)

Answer State a suitable inference The speed of the boy on reaching the ground depends on the height of the top of a slide States a relevants hypothesis The higher the top of a slide the higher the speed of the boy on reaching the ground. State the aim of experiment To study the relationship between the speed of an object on reaching the ground and the height of the top of the slide. State the manipulated variable and the responding variable Manipulated variable : Height of slide ( the slooping runway) Responding variable : Speed of the object State ONE variable that kept constant Fixed variable : Mass of the trolley / angle of inclination of the runway board. Complete list of apparatus and materials A trolley, runway board, ticker- timer, ticker-tape, power supply,metre rule, cellophan tape and wooden block States the workable arrangement of the apparatus

mark 1

(b)

(c )

a.c power supply States the method of controlling the manipulated variable The height of the trolley from the ground/ floor, h = 10 cm is measure using the metre rule. States the method of measuring the responding variable The power supply is switched on and the ticker-timer is started the trolley is released and the final speed, v of trolley is determined by analysing the ticker-tape Repeat the experiment at least 4 times The experiment is repeated by using different values of h = 15 cm, h = 20 cm , h = 25 cm and h = 30 cm. The final velocity of the trolley reaches the ground is caculated from the dots made on ticker- tape. Tabulating of data Height h/cm 10 15 20

Velocity of trolley , v /cms

-1

19

25 30 1 State how data will be analysed Plot graph of velocity against height -1 v/cms 1 12 marks Total h/cm

Question 2 [Force and Pressure]

Question 2. (a) State a suitable inference

Answer

Marks

The pressure exerted on the surface depends on the area of contact. (b) State a relevant hypothesis When the area decrease, the pressure increases State the aim of experiment (c) (i) To investigate the relationship between the area of contact and pressure (depth of hole). State the suitable manipulated variables and responding variable (Quantity that can be measured) Manipulated variable : Area of contact object.

(ii)

1 Responding variable : pressure exerted (depth of hole)

State the constant variable Force applied (using 1 kg load) (iii) State the complete list of apparatus and materials Vernier caliper, soft plasticine, ruler, Load 1 kg, the object with different surface area but same weight. 1 1

(iv) Draw the functional arrangement of the apparatus

20

State the method to control the manipulated variable Measure the bottom area of the wooden block with vernier caliper/ruler, A 1 cm . Place the wooden block on the plasticine. Place the 1 kg load on the top of the wooden block. State the method to measure the responding variable Remove the load and wooden block. Measure the depth of hole using vernier caliper and record it. Repeat the experiment at least 4 times with the values Procedure 2 and Procedure 3 are repeated using A2,A3,A4,and A5 (Note : Based on SPM standard , at least five manipulated values required.) State how the data tabulated with the title MV and RV Area of contact/ cm A1 A2 (v) A3 A4 A5 1
2 2

Depth,x /mm

State how the data is analysed, plot a graph RV against MV Depth,x/mm 1 Area of contact,A/ cm
2

TOTAL

12

21

Question 3 [Force and Pressure] 3 (a) (b) State a suitable inference The pressure of liquid is depends on its density. State a relevant hypothesis The pressure of liquid increases as its density increases. State the aim of experiment To investigate the relationship between the pressure and its density. State the manipulated variable and the responding variable Manipulated : Density // Responding : The pressure of liquid State ONE variable that kept constant The depth of liquid/ /Volume of water Complete list of apparatus and materials Beaker, thistle funnel, manometer, metre rule and salt Arrangement of apparatus : 1

(c)

State the method of controlling the manipulated variable 1. Apparatus is set as shown in the above figure. 2. 20 g of salt is dissolved in 100 ml of water. 3. The thistle funnel is lowered into the water at constant h. 4. State the method of measuring the responding variable 5. The value of y is measured by using metre rule. Repeat the experiment at least 4 times 6. The experiment is repeated using 30g, 40g, 50g and 60g Tabulation of data: Mass of salt/Density Pressure / y

1 1

22

Analyse the data . Pressure/y

Total marks 12

Mass of salt/Density

Question 4 [Heat] 4 (a) (b) State a suitable inference The rate of cooling of an object depends on its masses. State a relevant hypothesis The rate of cooling of water increases as its mass decreases. State the aim of experiment To investigate the relationship between the rat e of cooling of water and its mass. State the manipulated variable and the responding variable Manipulated : mass of water // m Responding : Rate of cooling State ONE variable that kept constant Initial temperature / Final temperature Complete list of apparatus and materials 3 Beaker 250 cm , measuring cylinder, water, electric heater.stopwatch, thermometer. Arrangement of apparatus : 1

(c)

Thermometer Beaker Stopwatch water

State the method of controlling the manipulated variable 7. Apparatus is set as shown in the above figure. o 8. Water is heated to 55 C. 3 9. 50 cm of water is placed in a 250 ml beaker with a thermometer immersed in the water. State the method of measuring the responding variable o 10. The stopwatch is started when the temperature of the water is at 50 C. The o stopwatch is stopped when the temperature reaches 35 C. The time, t is recorded. Repeat the experiment at least 4 times 3 3 3 5. The experiment is repeated using volumes of water 100 cm , 150 cm , 200 cm and 3 250 cm .

1 1 1

23

Tabulation of data: Mass, m (g)

1 Time, t (s)

Analyse the data . Time, t (s)

Mass, m (g) Total marks Question 5 [Heat] 12

5 (a) (b)

State a suitable inference The volume of gas depend on its temperature

State a relevant hypothesis .The volume of gas increases as its temperature increases

(c)

State the aim of experiment To investigate the relationship between the volume of gas and its temperature.

State the manipulated variable and the responding variable Manipulated : Temperature Responding : The volume of gas

State ONE variable that kept constant Mass of gas

Complete list of apparatus and materials Capillary tube, thermometer, water, metre rule and sulphuric acid

24

Arangement of apparatus :

1 1 1

State the method of controlling the manipulated variable 11. Apparatus is set as shown in the above figure. 0 12. Water is heated to 30 C. State the method of measuring the responding variable 13. The vertical column of trapped air is measured by using metre rule.

Repeat the experiment at least 4 times 4. 1 The experiment is repeated using the temperature 40 C, 50 C, 60 C and 70 C.
0 0 0 0

Tabulation of data: Temperature Volume of gas

Analyse the data . Volume of gas

Temperature

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Question 6 [Light]

Soalan 6 (a)

mark 1

Peraturan Pemarkahan State a suitable inference The size of the image depends on the object distance States a relevants hypothesis The longer the object distance, the smaller the image State the aim of experiment To study the relationship between the object distance and the height of the image State the manipulated variable and the responding variable Manipulated variable : Object distance Responding variable : Height of the image State ONE variable that kept constant Fixed variable : Power of lens. Complete list of apparatus and materials Convex lens, meter rule, screen, lens holder, object

(b)

(c ) 1 1

1 States the workable arrangement of the apparatus

States the method of controlling the manipulated variable The object distance is measured to be u = 20cm. States the method of measuring the responding variable The height of the image that formed on the screen is measured using the ruler. Repeat the experiment at least 4 times The experiment is repeated by using different values of u = 25 cm, 30 cm, 35 cm, 40 cm dan 45 cm.

1 Tabulating of data Object distance/cm 20 25 30 35 40 Height of image/cm

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State how data will be analysed Plot graph ofobject distance against height of image

Height of image/cms

-1

Total

12 marks u/cm

(a)

Inference : The Crane (b) had attracted more load of scrapped irons than the crane because of its larger no. of coils/turns of the solenoid // the strength of the magnetic field depends on the no. of turns/coils of the solenoid.

(b)

Hypothesis : Bigger number of turns in the solenoid , the stronger will be its electromagnetic field strength 1

(c)

Aim :

To investigate the relationship between the number of turns and the electromagnetic field strength 1

Variables : Manipulated : number of turns in the solenoid Responding :electromagnetic field strength / no. of pins attracted Constant Variable : Current ; soft iron core . List of apparatus : Solenoid, PVC tube / large iron nail , iron nails/ pins/paper clips, ammeter , rheostat and power supply. Arrangement of apparatus: 1 1 1

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1 Control of Manipulated Variable : Wind the insulated wire around the large iron nail/PVC tube , starting with 50 coils . Measurement of RV : Lower the solenoild until it touches the iron nails . Record the number of iron nails attracted by it. 1 1

Repeat the experiment & procedure 4 more times with no. of coils at 100 , 150 , 200 and 250. Tabulation of data No. of turns 50 100 150 200 250 No of nails attracted

Analysis of data. Sketch the graph of no. of coils against no. of nails attracted TOTAL 1 12

Question 8 [Electricity]
(a) (b) (c) The heating effect of a conductor is affected by magnitude of the current. The larger the current, the higher the temperature of the water which is being heated (i) To investigate the effect of current on heating (ii) MV : current ,I RV : temperature , CV : volume of water (iii) Beaker, ammeter, immersion heater, thermometer, connecting wire, rheostat and stop watch (iv) (v) Draws a labeled and functional diagram of the set up of the apparatus. Pour 200cm of water into the beaker and measure its temperature. Switch on the circuit and adjust the rheostat until the reading of ammeter is 1.0 A. 1
3

1 1 1

1 1 1 1

The stop watch is started. The final temperature is recorded after 2 minutes. Step repeated by adjusting the rheostat so that the ammeter readings are 2.0 A, 3.0 A, 4.0 A and

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5.0 A.

(vi)

Tabulate the data

(vii) The graph of increased in temperature against current is drawn

Question 9 [Waves]
(a) (b) (c) The loudness of the sound depends on the distance (between the source and the observer) The smaller the distance (between the source and the observer), the louder the sound (i) 1 1

To investigate the relationship between the loudness of a sound and the distance (between the source and the observer) 1 : distance, d : loudness of sound (amplitude, a) wavelength or frequency 1

(ii)

Manipulated variable Responding variable Constant variable:

(iii) Audio signal generator, loudspeaker, cathode ray oscilloscope (CRO), microphone, meter rule / measuring tape

(iv) 1v) The microphone is placed at a distance, d = 20.0 cm from the loudspeaker 1 The amplitude, a, of the trace on the screen of the is measured. The procedure was repeated for the values of distance, d = 30.0 cm, 40.0 cm, 50.0 cm and 60.0 cm 1 1

(vi) 1

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(vii)

A graph of a against d is drawn

Question 10 [Waves]
(a) (b) The distance between 2 loud speaker affect the distance between 2 loud or soft sound When the distance between two coherent sources of sound is increase, the distance between two consecutive constructive or destructive interference is decrease. (i) (ii) 1

(c)

To investigate the relationship between two coherent sources and the distance between two consecutive constructive and destructive interference. Manipulated : Distance between two coherent sources, a Responding : Distance between two consecutive Constant : constructive or destructive Interference 1 1

Distance between the source and the screen.

(iii)

Loud speaker, audio signal/frequency generator, connection wire, power supply, measuring tape. 1

(iv)

1 (v) By using a metre rule the distance between the listener from the loudspeaker is measured= D The audio-frequency generator is switched on. Use a distance between two loud speaker, a= 1.0m. The listener is requested to walk in a straight path from left to right. The distance between two successive loud regions is measured by a metre rule = x The experiment is repeated using a distance between two loud speaker a=1.5m, 2.0m, 2.5m and 3.0m. (vi) Tabulate the data 1 1 1 1

(vii)

1 30