World Health Organization Organisation Mondiale de la Sant

Department of Measurement and Health Information

INTRODUCTION

February 2009

MORTALITY AND BURDEN OF DISEASE ESTIMATES FOR WHO MEMBER STATES IN 2004 This workbook contains estimates of mortality and burden of disease for WHO Member States for the year 2004. These estimates are are generally consistent with the regional-level results published in the report The global burden of disease: 2004 update (1), with some revisions following a consultation with Member States which took place during late 2008. These summary tables represent the best estimates of WHO based on evidence available in 2008 rather than the official estimates of Member States. These estimates have been computed using standard categories and methods to ensure cross-national comparability . Therefore, they are not always the same as official national estimates, nor necessarily endorsed by specific Member States. Methods and data sources are summarized in the Annexes of the "Global burden of disease: 2004 update" (1) and the methodology is described in more detail elsewhere (2). Mortality estimates are based on analysis of latest available national information on levels of mortality and cause distributions as at early 2008. YLD estimates are based on analyses of incidence, prevalence, duration and severity of conditions for the relevant epidemiological subregion, together with national and subnational level information available to WHO. The population estimates for WHO Member States for 2004 are those prepared by the UN Population Division in its 2006 revision (3). WHO has previously released estimates of mortality and burden of disease for WHO Member States for the year 2002. Note that differences between the 2004 estimates and the previous 2002 estimates should not be interpreted as representing time trends. The 2002 estimates are not generally comparable with those for 2004 due to changes in methods and data. Some Member States have prepared similar estimates for a recent year that may draw on additional and more specific national data sources (4). Not all such results are comparable to the estimates included here, due to differences in definitions of cause categories, methods, disability weights and choices for discounting and age weighting. The work leading to these statistics was undertaken by the WHO Department of Health Statistics and Informatics (IER/HSI) in collaboration with WHO technical programmes and with scientists worldwide. Documentation and regional summary tables are available on the WHO website (http://www.who.int/evidence/bod), together with software tools and a National Burden of Disease Manual providing guidelines for conducting national studies (5). References 1. 1. World Health Organization. The global burden of disease: 2004 update. Geneva, WHO, 2008. Available at www.who.int/evidence/bod 2. Mathers CD, Lopez AD, Murray CJL. The burden of disease and mortality by condition: data, methods and results for 2001. In: Lopez AD, Mathers CD, Ezzati M, Murray CJL, Jamison DT, eds. Global burden of disease and risk factors. New York, Oxford University Press, 2006: 45-240. Available at http://www.dcp2.org/pubs/GBD. 3. United Nations Population Division. World population prospects - the 2006 revision. 2007. New York, United Nations. 4. WHO website. Links to National Burden of Disease Centres and Studies. http://www.who.int/healthinfo/global_burden_disease/tools_national/en/index.html 5. Mathers CD, Vos T, Lopez AD, Ezzati M. National Burden of Disease Studies: A Practical Guide. Edition 1.1. 2001. Geneva, World Health Organization, Global Program on Evidence for Health Policy. Available at http://www.who.int/healthinfo/global_burden_disease/tools_national/en/index.html

DISABILITY ADJUSTED LIFE YEARS

The Disability Adjusted Life Year or DALY is a health gap measure that extends the concept of potential years of life lost due to premature death (PYLL) to include equivalent years of healthy life lost by virtue of being in states of poor health or disability (1). The DALY combines in one measure the time lived with disability and the time lost due to premature mortality. One DALY can be thought of as one lost year of healthy life and the burden of disease as a measurement of the gap between current health status and an ideal situation where everyone lives into old age free of disease and disability. DALYs for a disease or health condition are calculated as the sum of the years of life lost due to premature mortality (YLL) in the population and the years lost due to disability (YLD) for incident cases of the health condition: The years of life lost (YLL) basically correspond to the number of deaths multiplied by the standard life expectancy at the age at which death occurs. The basic formula for YLL (without yet including other social preferences discussed below), is the following for a given cause, age and sex: YLL = N x L where: N = number of deaths L = standard life expectancy at age of death in years Because YLL measure the incident stream of lost years of life due to deaths, an incidence perspective is also taken for the calculation of YLD. To estimate YLD for a particular cause in a particular time period, the number of incident cases in that period is multiplied by the average duration of the disease and a weight factor that reflects the severity of the disease on a scale from 0 (perfect health) to 1 (dead). The basic formula for YLD is the following (again, without applying social preferences): YLD = I x DW x L where: I = number of incident cases DW = disability weight L = average duration of the case until remission or death (years) Egalitarian principles were explicitly built into the DALY, and the Global Burden of Disease Study used the same values for all regions of the world (2) . It used the same life expectancy ideal standard for all population subgroups and it excluded all non-health characteristics (such as race, socioeconomic status or occupation) apart from age and sex from consideration in calculating lost years of healthy life. Most importantly, it used the same disability weight for everyone living a year in a specified health state. Additionally, 3% time discounting and non-uniform age weights which give less weight to years lived at young and older ages were used in calculating DALYs for the original Global Burden of Disease study. These value choices have continued to be used for the Global Burden of Disease 2000 study results reported in recent World Health Reports and in these tables. With non-uniform age weights and 3% discounting, a death in infancy corresponds to 33 DALYs, and deaths at ages 5 to 20 to around 36 DALYs. Thus a disease burden of 3,300 DALYs in a population would be the equivalent of 100 infant deaths or to approximately 5,500 persons aged 50 years living one year with blindness (disability weight 0.6). References 1. Murray CJL, Salomon JA, Mathers CD, Lopez AD (eds.) (2002). Summary measures of population health: concepts, ethics, measurement and applications. WHO, Geneva. Available at http://www.who.int/pub/smph/en/index.html 2. Murray CJL, Lopez AD (1996). The Global Burden of Disease. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

World Health Organization Organisation Mondiale de la Sant

Department of Measurement and Health Information

NOTES FOR TABLES

April 2011

(a) This workbook contains summary estimates of mortality for WHO Member States for the year 2008. This update of estimates of deaths by cause, age and sex uses the same general methods as previous revisions carried out by WHO for 2002 and 2004 (1,2). Mortality estimates are based on analysis of latest available national information on levels of mortality and cause distributions as at the end of 2010 together with latest available information from WHO programs, IARC and UNAIDS for specific causes of public health importance. Data, methods and cause categories are described in an accompanying text document available on the WHO website (3). Member States were consulted on these estimates in late 2010 and comments or data provided by them were considered and incorporated where appropriate. These summary tables represent the best estimates of WHO based on evidence available at the end of 2010 rather than the official estimates of Member States. These estimates have been computed using standard categories and methods to ensure crossnational comparability . Therefore, they are not always the same as official national estimates, nor necessarily endorsed by specific Member States. (b) Underlying cause of death categories are defined in an Annex Table in the Data sources and methods documentation (3). (c) The data sources and methods used for the estimation of total deaths (all causes), and deaths by cause, for each Member State are summarized in Annex Table 4 of reference (3).

(d) Colour codes are used to summarize the levels of evidence for causes of death available for each Member State. Levels of uncertainty are highest for the last category, and caution should be used in comparing mortality levels across these countries for causes without country-specific information. Reasonably complete death registration data available with underlying cause of death coded using ICD-9 or ICD-10 without excessive use of inappropriate or non-specific codes. Incomplete death registration data, and/or other forms of nationally representative information on causes of death (eg. verbal autopsy, sample registration data) available. Cause of death models may be used to adjust for biases due to incomplete population coverage, other adjustments made using countryspecific information for specific causes. Country information on causes of death not available for most causes. Cause of death modelling used to estimate broad distribution of causes of death for Groups I, II and III by age and sex for the country level of all cause mortality and per capita income. Cause of death patterns within the three major cause groups based on death registration data from other countries in the region. Further country-level information and data on specific causes listed above was also used. Separate specific multicause models used for the major causes of child death. Note that levels of evidence will vary for specific causes within a country, and the above colour coded scheme does not attempt to provide that level of detail for specific causes. In general, country-level adjustments were made for cause-specific mortality estimates obtained from WHO technical programmes, IARC, UNAIDS and other sources for the following conditions: AIDS, TB, measles, pertussis, tetanus, dengue, malaria, schistosomiasis, trypanosomiasis, Japanese encephalitis, Chagas, maternal conditions (including abortion), cancers, drug use disorders, rheumathoid arthritis, road traffic accidents and war. See reference (3) for details. (e) UN estimates of de-facto population (2008 Revision) (4). Estimated death rates by age, sex for underlying causes of death as defined by the ICD classification rules, are applied to the UN estimates of de-facto resident population for 2008 to give numbers of expected deaths by cause for each Member State.

(f)

Maternal HIV deaths (deaths during pregnancy or within 42 days of end of pregnancy) exacerbated by HIV infection are classified as maternal deaths and counted there rather than as HIV deaths. (g) Does not include liver cancer and cirrhosis deaths or DALYs resulting from chronic hepatitis virus infection. (h) This cause category includes 'Causes arising in the perinatal period' as defined in the International Classification of Diseases, principally low birthweight, prematurity, birth asphyxia and birth trauma, and does not include all disability or deaths occurring in the neonatal period (under 28 days after birth). For example, congenital anomalies and injuries may also occur in the neonatal period but are classified to other cause categories. (i) Includes severe neonatal infections and other non-infectious causes arising in the perinatal period. (j) Includes macular degeneration and other age-related causes of vision loss not correctable by provision of glasses or contact lenses, together with deaths due to other sense organ disorders.

(k) Includes myocarditis, pericarditis, endocarditis and cardiomyopathy. (m) Cause-specific death rates were age-standardized to the WHO global standard population (see Discussion Paper 31, http://www.who.int/healthinfo/paper31.pdf). Age-standardized death rates are calculated by applying age-specific death rates for the Member State to a global standard population. Comparison of cause-specific mortality risks across countries is facilitated by the use of age-standardized death rates to adjust for differences in population age distributions. References 1. Lopez AD, Mathers CD, Ezzati M, Murray CJL, Jamison DT. Global burden of disease and risk factors. New York, Oxford University Press, 2006. Available at http://www.dcp2.org/pubs/GBD 2. World Health Organization. The global burden of disease: 2004 update. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2008. Available at http://www.who.int/evidence/bod 3. World Health Organization. Causes of death 2008: data sources and methods. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2010. Available at http://www.who.int/healthinfo/global_burden_disease/cod_2008_sources_methods.pdf 4. United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects - the 2008 revision. New York: United Nations, 2009. 5. Mathers CD, Salomon JA, Ezzati M, Begg S, Lopez AD. Sensitivity and uncertainty analyses for burden of disease and risk factor estimates. In: Lopez AD, Mathers CD, Ezzati M, Murray CJL, Jamison DT, eds. Global burden of disease and risk factors. New York, OUP, 2006: 399-426. Available at http://www.dcp2.org/pubs/GBD.

GBD code

GBD cause (b) WHO Country code

Afghanistan 3010

Albania 4005

Algeria 1010

Andorra 4008

Angola 1020

Antigua and Barbuda 2010

Argentina 2020

Armenia 4007

Australia 5020

Population ('000) (e)

12,597 262.4 228.8 97.6 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.0 0.0 61.1 6.1 1.1 0.0 0.1 2.0 2.9 6.4 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 69.9 68.4 1.5 0.0 48.0 15.1 17.2 15.8 13.3 9.4 0.2 0.0 1.5 19.9 0.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 -

761 1.0 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -

9,538 27.5 22.5 7.6 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.0 3.7 0.8 0.4 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 5.3 5.3 0.1 0.0 0.0 9.0 4.8 2.8 1.5 0.5 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.1 3.3 0.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -

12 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -

8,161 134.5 121.8 61.0 0.7 0.5 0.5 2.9 28.1 3.9 2.1 0.0 1.2 0.7 3.0 0.1 0.0 15.1 0.8 0.6 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 25.2 24.7 0.5 0.0 0.0 26.4 9.4 8.6 8.4 9.2 8.3 0.0 0.6 0.3 7.3 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -

24 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -

10,127 12.8 6.5 0.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 5.1 2.7 0.8 1.6 0.1 0.1 0.0 4.9 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

632 1.2 0.8 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.0 -

4,043 1.7 0.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.7 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.7 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 38 39 40 41 42 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71

All Causes (c)

I. Communicable, maternal, perinatal and nutritional conditions

A. Infectious and parasitic diseases 1. Tuberculosis 2. STDs excluding HIV a. Syphilis b. Chlamydia c. Gonorrhoea 3. HIV/AIDS (f) 4. Diarrhoeal diseases 5. Childhood-cluster diseases a. Pertussis b. Poliomyelitis c. Diphtheria d. Measles e. Tetanus 6. Meningitis 7. Hepatitis B (g) Hepatitis C (g) 8. Malaria 9. Tropical-cluster diseases a. Trypanosomiasis b. Chagas disease c. Schistosomiasis d. Leishmaniasis e. lymphatic filariasis f. Onchocerciasis 10. Leprosy 11. Dengue 12. Japanese encephalitis 13. Trachoma 14. Intestinal nematode infections a. Ascariasis b. Trichuriasis c. Hookworm disease B. Respiratory infections 1. Lower respiratory infections 2. Upper respiratory infections 3. Otitis media C. Maternal conditions D. Perinatal conditions (h) 1. Prematurity and low birth weight 2. Birth asphyxia and birth trauma 3. Neonatal infections and other conditions (i) E. Nutritional deficiencies 1. Protein-energy malnutrition 2. Iodine deficiency 3. Vitamin A deficiency 4. Iron-deficiency anaemia

II. Noncommunicable diseases

A. Malignant neoplasms 1. Mouth and oropharynx cancers 2. Oesophagus cancer 3. Stomach cancer 4. Colon and rectum cancers 5. Liver cancer 6. Pancreas cancer 7. Trachea, bronchus, lung cancers 8. Melanoma and other skin cancers 9. Breast cancer 10. Cervix uteri cancer 11. Corpus uteri cancer 4/18/2012 +

72 73 74 75 76 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 111 112 113 115 116 117 118 120 121 122 124 125 126 127 131 143 144 145 146 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159

B. C. D. E.

F.

G.

H.

I.

J.

K. L.

M. N.

12. Ovary cancer 13. Prostate cancer 14. Bladder cancer 15. Lymphomas, multiple myeloma 16. Leukaemia Other neoplasms Diabetes mellitus Endocrine disorders Neuropsychiatric conditions 1. Unipolar depressive disorders 2. Bipolar disorder 3. Schizophrenia 4. Epilepsy 5. Alcohol use disorders 6. Alzheimer and other dementias 7. Parkinson disease 8. Multiple sclerosis 9. Drug use disorders 10. Post-traumatic stress disorder 11. Obsessive-compulsive disorder 12. Panic disorder 13. Insomnia (primary) 14. Migraine Sense organ diseases 1. Glaucoma 2. Cataracts 3. Refractive errors 4. Hearing loss, adult onset 5. Macular degeneration and other (j) Cardiovascular diseases 1. Rheumatic heart disease 2. Hypertensive heart disease 3. Ischaemic heart disease 4. Cerebrovascular disease 5. Inflammatory heart diseases (k) Respiratory diseases 1. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2. Asthma Digestive diseases 1. Peptic ulcer disease 2. Cirrhosis of the liver 3. Appendicitis Genitourinary diseases 1. Nephritis and nephrosis 2. Benign prostatic hypertrophy Skin diseases Musculoskeletal diseases 1. Rheumatoid arthritis 2. Osteoarthritis Congenital anomalies Oral conditions 1. Dental caries 2. Periodontal disease 3. Edentulism

0.0 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.9 1.1 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7.1 0.4 0.2 0.3 2.1 0.3 1.3 0.1 1.2 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.5 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 6.6 0.0 13.7 11.9 2.8 0.3 1.1 0.6 2.2 4.9 1.8 0.0 0.2 1.5

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -

0.0 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 1.7 0.0 0.0 1.7 1.5 0.6 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -

0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.5 1.0 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.8 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.9 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.3 0.0 0.0 2.7 0.0 0.0 5.4 5.0 1.4 0.2 0.2 1.1 0.2 2.0 0.4 0.0 0.3 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.8 1.4 1.2 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.1 0.1 0.1 -

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -

III. Injuries
A. Unintentional injuries 1. Road traffic accidents 2. Poisonings 3. Falls 4. Fires 5. Drownings 6. Other unintentional injuries B. Intentional injuries 1. Self-inflicted injuries 2. Violence 3. War

Refer to Notes sheet for notes on this table. Population ('000) (e)

6,503

393

4,877

4,066

12

5,149

338

2,075

4/18/2012 +

GBD code

GBD cause (b) WHO Country code

Afghanistan 3010

Albania 4005

Algeria 1010

Andorra 4008

Angola 1020

Antigua and Barbuda 2010

Argentina 2020

Armenia 4007

Australia 5020

Population ('000) (e)

13,581 114.7 40.3 16.3 6.3 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.0 2.3 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.4 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5.8 5.8 0.0 17.7 0.6 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.1 53.9 5.8 0.1 0.4 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.6 0.2 0.0

1,970 4.3 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.3 1.3 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0

22,549 45.8 7.9 4.4 0.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 1.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.2 2.1 0.0 0.0 0.9 0.4 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.2 30.1 10.6 0.5 0.0 0.6 1.0 0.1 0.1 1.1 0.0 1.6 0.4 0.0

54 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

9,154 68.8 36.9 24.8 2.9 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 8.7 4.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.6 0.2 0.1 0.9 1.4 0.9 0.5 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6.4 6.1 0.2 0.1 4.8 0.9 0.7 0.0 0.0 0.1 22.3 3.8 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.6 0.0

53 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

23,992 59.5 6.2 3.9 0.3 0.0 1.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 1.7 1.7 0.0 0.5 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 40.2 15.3 0.3 0.4 0.9 1.5 0.3 0.7 2.6 0.3 1.9 1.2 0.1

2,006 7.2 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5.7 2.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.0

13,092 18.6 0.5 0.4 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 13.6 7.0 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.7 0.2 0.3 1.2 0.4 1.0 0.1 0.1

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 38 39 40 41 42 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71

All Causes (c)

I. Communicable, maternal, perinatal and nutritional conditions

A. Infectious and parasitic diseases 1. Tuberculosis 2. STDs excluding HIV a. Syphilis b. Chlamydia c. Gonorrhoea 3. HIV/AIDS (f) 4. Diarrhoeal diseases 5. Childhood-cluster diseases a. Pertussis b. Poliomyelitis c. Diphtheria d. Measles e. Tetanus 6. Meningitis 7. Hepatitis B (g) Hepatitis C (g) 8. Malaria 9. Tropical-cluster diseases a. Trypanosomiasis b. Chagas disease c. Schistosomiasis d. Leishmaniasis e. lymphatic filariasis f. Onchocerciasis 10. Leprosy 11. Dengue 12. Japanese encephalitis 13. Trachoma 14. Intestinal nematode infections a. Ascariasis b. Trichuriasis c. Hookworm disease B. Respiratory infections 1. Lower respiratory infections 2. Upper respiratory infections 3. Otitis media C. Maternal conditions D. Perinatal conditions (h) 1. Prematurity and low birth weight 2. Birth asphyxia and birth trauma 3. Neonatal infections and other conditions (i) E. Nutritional deficiencies 1. Protein-energy malnutrition 2. Iodine deficiency 3. Vitamin A deficiency 4. Iron-deficiency anaemia

II. Noncommunicable diseases

A. Malignant neoplasms 1. Mouth and oropharynx cancers 2. Oesophagus cancer 3. Stomach cancer 4. Colon and rectum cancers 5. Liver cancer 6. Pancreas cancer 7. Trachea, bronchus, lung cancers 8. Melanoma and other skin cancers 9. Breast cancer 10. Cervix uteri cancer 11. Corpus uteri cancer 4/18/2012 +

72 73 74 75 76 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 111 112 113 115 116 117 118 120 121 122 124 125 126 127 131 143 144 145 146 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159

B. C. D. E.

F.

G.

H.

I.

J.

K. L.

M. N.

12. Ovary cancer 13. Prostate cancer 14. Bladder cancer 15. Lymphomas, multiple myeloma 16. Leukaemia Other neoplasms Diabetes mellitus Endocrine disorders Neuropsychiatric conditions 1. Unipolar depressive disorders 2. Bipolar disorder 3. Schizophrenia 4. Epilepsy 5. Alcohol use disorders 6. Alzheimer and other dementias 7. Parkinson disease 8. Multiple sclerosis 9. Drug use disorders 10. Post-traumatic stress disorder 11. Obsessive-compulsive disorder 12. Panic disorder 13. Insomnia (primary) 14. Migraine Sense organ diseases 1. Glaucoma 2. Cataracts 3. Refractive errors 4. Hearing loss, adult onset 5. Macular degeneration and other (j) Cardiovascular diseases 1. Rheumatic heart disease 2. Hypertensive heart disease 3. Ischaemic heart disease 4. Cerebrovascular disease 5. Inflammatory heart diseases (k) Respiratory diseases 1. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2. Asthma Digestive diseases 1. Peptic ulcer disease 2. Cirrhosis of the liver 3. Appendicitis Genitourinary diseases 1. Nephritis and nephrosis 2. Benign prostatic hypertrophy Skin diseases Musculoskeletal diseases 1. Rheumatoid arthritis 2. Osteoarthritis Congenital anomalies Oral conditions 1. Dental caries 2. Periodontal disease 3. Edentulism

0.1 0.0 0.1 0.7 0.5 1.4 1.0 1.2 6.8 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 5.0 0.0 0.0 25.0 1.3 2.2 13.9 3.7 0.9 3.5 0.9 2.0 5.5 0.2 2.6 0.0 3.3 3.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.0 20.5 7.6 3.4 0.6 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.9 12.8 1.0 0.5 11.2

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.3 0.0 0.0 0.7 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.7 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.1 -

0.3 0.1 0.3 1.2 0.4 0.2 1.4 0.6 1.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 9.0 0.1 0.6 2.6 3.3 0.5 2.9 0.9 0.7 2.8 0.3 0.4 0.0 1.0 0.9 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 7.8 4.6 2.2 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.3 1.3 3.3 0.6 2.1 0.6

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -

0.1 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.2 1.3 0.6 1.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 8.5 0.1 0.5 2.3 3.2 0.5 2.7 0.8 0.6 2.7 0.3 0.4 0.0 1.0 0.9 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 9.7 5.9 3.0 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.4 1.4 3.9 0.8 2.9 0.1

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -

0.4 0.2 0.2 0.8 0.6 0.7 1.3 0.5 1.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 12.2 0.0 0.5 5.0 3.3 0.6 3.2 0.5 0.1 3.9 0.1 1.4 0.0 1.1 0.9 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.0 13.0 8.0 3.7 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4 3.4 5.0 2.9 2.1 -

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.1 0.0 0.1 1.5 0.5 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.8 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.1 -

0.2 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 3.4 0.0 0.1 1.9 0.6 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.9 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 4.4 2.7 1.1 0.6 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.8 1.6 1.4 0.2 -

III. Injuries
A. Unintentional injuries 1. Road traffic accidents 2. Poisonings 3. Falls 4. Fires 5. Drownings 6. Other unintentional injuries B. Intentional injuries 1. Self-inflicted injuries 2. Violence 3. War

Refer to Notes sheet for notes on this table. Population ('000) (e)

7,079

969

11,433

27

4,500

26

12,009

923

6,562

4/18/2012 +

GBD code

GBD cause (b) WHO Country code

Afghanistan 3010

Albania 4005

Algeria 1010

Andorra 4008

Angola 1020

Antigua and Barbuda 2010

Argentina 2020

Armenia 4007

Australia 5020

Population ('000) (e)

1,030 61.5 6.6 5.9 2.3 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.5 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 52.8 4.9 0.1 0.6 1.0 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.0

413 22.4 0.9 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.7 0.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 21.2 3.7 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.9 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0

2,286 100.5 21.1 7.7 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.0 4.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 12.5 12.4 0.1 0.0 0.9 0.2 0.6 75.6 9.4 0.3 0.1 0.8 1.0 0.1 0.2 1.3 0.0 0.6 0.4 0.0

19 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

706 42.0 10.0 4.8 0.6 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.2 2.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5.0 5.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 30.7 2.6 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.0

10 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

5,764 250.6 31.2 11.7 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.0 0.0 18.0 18.0 0.0 1.5 1.1 0.4 213.5 49.4 0.8 1.9 2.8 7.0 1.6 3.6 7.4 0.7 4.8 1.0 0.8

440 33.5 1.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.7 0.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 31.8 4.5 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 1.1 0.3 0.1 0.1

3,940 120.5 4.9 1.7 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.0 2.9 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 112.3 33.7 0.5 1.1 1.1 3.8 0.9 1.8 6.5 1.5 2.2 0.2 0.3

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 38 39 40 41 42 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71

All Causes (c)

I. Communicable, maternal, perinatal and nutritional conditions

A. Infectious and parasitic diseases 1. Tuberculosis 2. STDs excluding HIV a. Syphilis b. Chlamydia c. Gonorrhoea 3. HIV/AIDS (f) 4. Diarrhoeal diseases 5. Childhood-cluster diseases a. Pertussis b. Poliomyelitis c. Diphtheria d. Measles e. Tetanus 6. Meningitis 7. Hepatitis B (g) Hepatitis C (g) 8. Malaria 9. Tropical-cluster diseases a. Trypanosomiasis b. Chagas disease c. Schistosomiasis d. Leishmaniasis e. lymphatic filariasis f. Onchocerciasis 10. Leprosy 11. Dengue 12. Japanese encephalitis 13. Trachoma 14. Intestinal nematode infections a. Ascariasis b. Trichuriasis c. Hookworm disease B. Respiratory infections 1. Lower respiratory infections 2. Upper respiratory infections 3. Otitis media C. Maternal conditions D. Perinatal conditions (h) 1. Prematurity and low birth weight 2. Birth asphyxia and birth trauma 3. Neonatal infections and other conditions (i) E. Nutritional deficiencies 1. Protein-energy malnutrition 2. Iodine deficiency 3. Vitamin A deficiency 4. Iron-deficiency anaemia

II. Noncommunicable diseases

A. Malignant neoplasms 1. Mouth and oropharynx cancers 2. Oesophagus cancer 3. Stomach cancer 4. Colon and rectum cancers 5. Liver cancer 6. Pancreas cancer 7. Trachea, bronchus, lung cancers 8. Melanoma and other skin cancers 9. Breast cancer 10. Cervix uteri cancer 11. Corpus uteri cancer 4/18/2012 +

72 73 74 75 76 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 111 112 113 115 116 117 118 120 121 122 124 125 126 127 131 143 144 145 146 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159

B. C. D. E.

F.

G.

H.

I.

J.

K. L.

M. N.

12. Ovary cancer 13. Prostate cancer 14. Bladder cancer 15. Lymphomas, multiple myeloma 16. Leukaemia Other neoplasms Diabetes mellitus Endocrine disorders Neuropsychiatric conditions 1. Unipolar depressive disorders 2. Bipolar disorder 3. Schizophrenia 4. Epilepsy 5. Alcohol use disorders 6. Alzheimer and other dementias 7. Parkinson disease 8. Multiple sclerosis 9. Drug use disorders 10. Post-traumatic stress disorder 11. Obsessive-compulsive disorder 12. Panic disorder 13. Insomnia (primary) 14. Migraine Sense organ diseases 1. Glaucoma 2. Cataracts 3. Refractive errors 4. Hearing loss, adult onset 5. Macular degeneration and other (j) Cardiovascular diseases 1. Rheumatic heart disease 2. Hypertensive heart disease 3. Ischaemic heart disease 4. Cerebrovascular disease 5. Inflammatory heart diseases (k) Respiratory diseases 1. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2. Asthma Digestive diseases 1. Peptic ulcer disease 2. Cirrhosis of the liver 3. Appendicitis Genitourinary diseases 1. Nephritis and nephrosis 2. Benign prostatic hypertrophy Skin diseases Musculoskeletal diseases 1. Rheumatoid arthritis 2. Osteoarthritis Congenital anomalies Oral conditions 1. Dental caries 2. Periodontal disease 3. Edentulism

0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.5 1.5 1.1 0.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 32.5 0.2 4.2 17.0 5.6 1.0 3.4 2.1 0.1 5.1 0.2 2.4 0.0 2.8 2.6 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.1 0.7 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.3 1.3 0.0 0.0 1.3

0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 14.8 0.0 1.0 4.7 5.7 0.2 0.7 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -

0.1 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.2 0.3 5.2 1.5 2.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.0 1.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 40.2 0.1 2.7 12.1 14.5 1.3 8.5 4.2 1.3 4.2 0.6 0.5 0.0 2.5 2.1 0.1 0.5 0.8 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.8 3.0 1.2 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.1 0.6 0.8 0.4 0.3 0.1

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -

0.1 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 2.4 0.7 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 16.6 0.0 1.0 5.3 6.1 0.5 3.7 1.9 0.6 1.9 0.3 0.3 0.0 1.0 0.9 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.4 1.1 0.5 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -

0.9 4.8 1.5 1.8 1.2 2.1 7.6 2.5 6.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.4 3.5 0.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 95.7 0.1 6.0 31.4 19.5 2.8 28.2 4.6 0.4 10.8 0.3 1.6 0.0 9.1 6.8 0.0 1.4 0.7 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 5.9 4.9 0.8 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 3.5 1.0 0.8 0.3 -

0.1 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 2.9 0.2 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 17.5 0.1 1.1 9.1 5.4 0.2 2.7 1.9 0.2 1.9 0.2 0.8 1.2 0.8 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.7 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 -

0.7 3.4 1.0 2.3 1.4 1.0 3.6 1.5 9.9 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 7.3 1.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 45.7 0.3 1.6 23.0 11.7 0.9 8.1 4.9 0.4 3.9 0.3 0.5 0.0 3.4 2.4 0.1 0.3 1.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 3.3 2.9 0.3 0.1 1.2 0.0 0.0 1.2 0.4 0.4 0.0 -

III. Injuries
A. Unintentional injuries 1. Road traffic accidents 2. Poisonings 3. Falls 4. Fires 5. Drownings 6. Other unintentional injuries B. Intentional injuries 1. Self-inflicted injuries 2. Violence 3. War

Refer to Notes sheet for notes on this table. Population ('000) (e)

510

190

1,042

318

2,402

174

1,838

4/18/2012 +