C 25 NOTES Describe Franklin Roosevelt's Good Neighbor policy.

substituted economic leverage for military intervention and occupation in Latin America. How did Japan demonstrate its expansionist policies in 19311932? by invading Manchuria. What was the United States' response to reports of the German persecution of Jews? How did Germany's persecution of Jews during the 1930s benefit the Allies during World War II? The United States refused to liberalize its restrictive immigration laws. Many leading European scientists and intellectuals fled German control and aided the Allies during the war. In an effort to bolster American security and at the same time help England during the Battle of Britain, what agreement did President Roosevelt make with Prime Minister Churchill? transferred fifty overage American destroyers to Britain in exchange for leases on British air and naval bases in the Western Hemisphere. What acts of aggression by Germany, Italy and Japand occurred in the 1930s? Japan invades Manchuria 1931 The Italian invasion of Ethiopia 1935 Japanese invades against China 1937 The Anschluss between Austria and Germany 1938 The Munich Pact, which handed the Sudetenland over to Germany 1938 Germany invades Poland 1939 What did the America First Committee propose? The United States must build an impregnable defense for America. No foreign power, nor group of powers, can successfully attack a prepared America. American democracy can be preserved only by keeping out of the European war. "Aid short of war" weakens national defense at home and threatens to involve America in war abroad.

Why did President Franklin Roosevelt encouraged the passage of the Lend-Lease Act? provide aid to Great Britain in its struggle with Germany. . How did the cash-and-carry policy work? It required nations at war in 1939 and 1940 to pay for U.S. goods in cash and to carry them in their own ships. Why was the United States called the arsenal of democracy? It produced 300,000 airplanes, 2.6 million machine guns, 6 million tons of bombs, and numerous other war material. During WWII who were the leaders of the majors countries? Benito Mussolini, Italy Winston Churchill, United Kingdom Joseph Stalin, Soviet Union Franklin Roosevelt, United States Hirohito, Japan Chang Kai Shek Chinese Nationalist, Mao Zedong Chinese Communist Why in 1940 and 1941, did President Roosevelt wished to prolong negotiations with the Japanese rather than go to war? he knew that he did not have a large enough navy to fight both Japan and Germany. Why did Japan attack Pearl Harbor? Because it believed a war with the United States was inevitable, it decided to deliver a knockout blow initially. . What actions did the United States take in preparing for war between September 1, 1939, and December 1, 1941? It instituted the cash-and-carry program. It created the lend-lease program to provide supplies and equipment to the Allied countries. It instituted the first peacetime draft in American history. What was the role of the War Production Board in World War II? It was created to allociate materials, limit the production of civilian goods, and distribute contracts among workers. Why did Congress create the Office of Price Administration? control inflation in the war.

How many American men and women ultimately served in the armed forces? Approximately 15 million What were the goals of the various federal agencies created to coordinate the war effort? limit or stop the production of civilian goods mediate disputes between management and labor. impose strict price controls. allocate materials. What impact did the wartime economy have on the distribution of American incomes? The size of the middle class doubled. What did the Smith-Connally Labor Disputes Act provide? empowered the president to take over any facility where strikes interrupted war production. What role did the American scientific community have in World War II? What was the Manhattan Project? Scientists participated actively in developing new weapons, chemicals, medicines, and medical techniques that would advance the fight against the Axis powers. secret $2 billion project to develop an atomic bomb. Describe the government's management of public opinion during World War II. Government propaganda played up the barbarism of the Axis nations. The Office of Censorship attempted to suppress information that might hinder the war effort. The government initially restricted pictures of dead soldiers on battlefields. Hollywood released films designed to highlight the heroism and unity of the American forces, while inciting hatred of the enemy.

Which 1942 battle was a decisive victory for the United States in the Pacific theater of World War II? Battle of Midway, June 4-7 1942. U.S Japan
1 carrier sunk, 1 destroyer sunk, 98 aircraft destroyed, 307 killed 4 carriers sunk, 1 cruiser sunk, 248 carrier aircraft destroyed, 3,057 killed

How did World War II affect millions of American women? The proportion of women in the labor force rose from one-quarter to more than onethird because 19 million women were employed. List the significant the changes in the American society that occurred during WWII? Millions of Americans moved to the West Coast states. Many Americans moved far from their hometowns. Some Americans who moved left their traditional values for new attitudes. Some 6 million Americans left farms and moved to cities. What did the double-V campaign represent? A campaign of black Americans to defeat their enemies at home and abroad. Why did A. Philip Randolph call for a massive march on Washington D.C.? To ask for an executive order prohibiting employment discrimination and creating a Fair Employment Practices Committee. Why did the condition of African-Americans improve during World War II? jobs were more plentiful as a result of war production needs. a federal executive order prohibited discriminatory employment practices. the average wage for African-Americans increased dramatically. the military ended some exclusionary and segregation policies. Why did the United States government interned over 100,000 Japanese-Americans during World War II ? long-standing racial prejudice and economic rivalry. some politicians and farmers hoped to be able to take over Japanese-American landholdings. after Pearl Harbor, white Californians were worked up into a frenzy about possible Japanese sabotage. some patriotic organizations and media outlets called for it.

In February 1945 at the Yalta Conference, what did Stalin agreed to? Which country suffered the greatest number of casualties in World War II? entry into the war against Japan after Germany surrendered and thereby receive Manchuria as conpensation the establishment of broadly representative governments in eastern Europe. creating a postwar commission to address reparations. Soviet Union Although Japan's sea and air power was totally shattered by the end of 1944, why didn't the imperial government surrender to the United States? Japanese military leaders insisted on fighting until the bitter end due to their understanding of honor Describe the various American attitudes to the rumors of German atrocities committed against the Jews? Approximately how many Jews were killed in the Holocaust? The rumors were untrue and propaganda. Stuff like that always happened to the Jews. If it was happening then the best way to end it was to defeat Germany as quickly as possible. 6 million Which of the following statements best describes warfare between the Japanese soldiers and American Marines? After what event did the Japanese government finally begin to discuss acceptance of surrender terms? They utterly hated each other and committed numerous atrocities. The atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, August 6, 9 1945 What were the reasons why President Harry Truman decided to use the atomic bomb in 1945? He viewed potential casualty figures from an American invasion of the Japanese home islands. The Japanese had suffered terrible destruction from American bombing attacks but were still not willing to surrender. Japanese soldiers and sailors almost always refused to surrender even when it was clear that their cause was lost. He hoped to intimidate the Soviet Union.