What is a Morpheme? Smallest unit of sound in a language that has a meaning. An example of this is ah What is an affix?

An affix is a bound morpheme (suffix, prefix). What are inflectional and derivational affixes? A derivational affix is an affix by means of which one word is formed from another. The derived word is often of a different word class from the original. (example: joyfulness) Common. Inflectional: expresses a grammatical contrast that is obligatory for its stem's word class in some given grammatical context and is much less common than it used to be. (example: voice) How has the English language changed historically with respect to inflections? We changed from an inflectional language to an analyzing language. We rely a lot more on word order and prepositions. What is the group genitive? When did it appear in English? Appeared recently (20th Century). A possessive construction (such as "the man next door's cat") in which 's appears at the end of a noun phrase whose final word is not its head or is not its only head. Nominative, Accusative, Dative. First, second or third person. Singular or plural. 1. Give it some time. (Dative, third person, singular) 2. Alexandria rejected him. (Accusative, third person, singular) 3. They brought us some mint tea. (Nominative, third person, plural & Accusative, third person, plural) 4. She loves thee; hast thou no feeling? (Nominative, third person, singular & Accusative, second person, singular & Nominative, second person, singular) Translate the boldface nouns from the following Modern English sentences into Old English. a. The children [have] hounds. (cildru, hundas) b. The man [has] an ox. (oxan) c. Hunters are in the woods. Deer [flee] the hunters hounds. (deor, huntes , hundas) Why has English lost its verb inflections? What have replaced inflections? We started accenting the first syllable of words and the later syllables typically carry the inflections.

What are weak and strong verbs in Old English? What do we call them today? Why are there so many more weak verbs than strong verbs now? Weak verbs (regular verbs) form the past tense by adding -ed, -d, or -t to the base form--or present tense form--of the verb (for example, call, called and walk, walked). Strong verbs (irregular verbs) form the past tense or the past participle (or both) in various ways but most often by changing the vowel of the present tense form (for example, give, gave and stick, stuck). What is the dental preterite? When did it come into the English language? Give examples of all its pronunciations. Why are they different? Refers to the past tense inflection ed. Dental meaning formed at teeth and Preterite meaning past tense. Hummed (d), pimped (t), pitted (ed), breaded (ed) What are the auxiliary verbs in English today? Have, has, had, Do, does, did; Learn these verbs like a real good kid. Am, are, be, been, is , was, were, I dunno what Im learnin em fer! Can, could; shall, should; learn them or bust! End with will, would; may, might, must. + having, doing, being Write three sentences using past participles as adjectives. Use two different sentence forms. The feathers are ruffled. Stung, the horse reared. Frightened, the child hid. What is the history of the third-person singular verb inflection since Alfred the Great 9 (that is, after the Old English period)? The Scandinavians brought with them the s inflection changing it from eth inflections. The verb do can be the main verb in a sentence, as in She does magic. Demonstrate with examples what other services the verb do performs today. She does hair well. Do you frolic? I dont sing. Translate the sentences below into Modern English. a. Deor hier oxan. (The deer hear the oxen) b. Hiere child. (I hear the child)