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Walid Abdelghaffar
Gas turbines applications Aircraft Power plants Standby equipment Boat and ship propulsion Gas pipeline compressor drives Railroad (have been used but are not common) Automotive (extensive experimentation in the past) Heavy mobile equipment (experimentation)
When the turbine starting system is actuated ambient air is drawn through the air inlet plenum assembly by the Compressor through Variable compressor Inlet Guide Vanes (IGVs). The inlet casing is located at the forward end of the gas turbine. Its prime function is to uniformly direct air into the compressor. The inlet casing also supports the No. 1 bearing assembly.
Compressor
Turbine
HRB
6%
Compressor Work Compressor Decrease Inter-cooling Turbine Mass Flow Increase Larger Specific Heat Total
Gas Turbine- Air Inlet System
2%
Steam Injection
2%
10%
Dr. Walid Abdelghaffar
T (Temperature)
Turbine Work
S (Entropy)
Gas Turbine- Air Inlet System
Dr. Walid Abdelghaffar
Rated
Power Incremen t
Compressor Inlet
Dr. Walid Abdelghaffar
(+) 2.1%
0.63%
Fuel flow
22. 6
TCI TEX
TCD
339.2
106.5MW 102.5MW
107.5M W
Gen. power
15:45
Gas Turbine- Air Inlet System
16:15
Dr. Walid Abdelghaffar
The formation of ice in the air intake or on the first few stages of the compressor can occur if a combination of temperature and humidity takes place (see Fig). If chunks of ice are ingested into the compressor, major damage can result including catastrophic destruction of the compressor section balding.
The air inlet system controls the air quality and directs a steady flow of air to the compressor air inlet. The amount and quality of air affects engine performance and reliability. The air inlet system has two main assemblies: filter assembly inlet ducting assembly
Filter Assembly
The first component of the air inlet system is the filter assembly. The filter assembly consists of the following parts: weather louvers inlet screens filters ( Contd. )
Filter Assembly
The filter assembly separates moisture and particles such as dirt, dust, and insects from the inlet air. This prevents contamination and foreign object damage to the compressor. Weather Louvers, Screens, & Filters The purpose of the weather louvers is to prevent direct rainfall from entering the air inlet system. Inlet screens, usually constructed of wire mesh, are designed to prevent large items and other contaminants from entering the compressor inlet. The inlet screens are located behind the weather louvers. Filters trap small particles of dust, dirt, and other contaminants to prevent them from entering the compressor section. Filters are constructed of materials which meet the specific operating and climatic conditions of the gas turbine location.
The air inlet system controls the air quality and directs a steady flow of air to the compressor air inlet. The amount and quality of air affects engine performance and reliability. The air inlet system has two main assemblies: filter assembly inlet ducting assembly
Air Filtering
Bypass Doors
Some air inlet systems have bypass doors located just downstream of the air filters. The purpose of the bypass doors is to protect the air inlet from excessive differential pressure. High differential pressure is usually caused by excessively dirty air inlet filters or some other abnormal blockage of the air inlet system restricting airflow through the filter. ( Contd. )
Gas Turbine- Air Inlet System
Dr. Walid Abdelghaffar
Bypass Doors
Anytime the bypass doors are open during gas turbine operation, the engine is unprotected and is operating with unfiltered air. Operating under these conditions reduces engine reliability and operating life. Operators should take immediate action to determine why the bypass doors are open and take corrective action.
Silencers
The inlet silencer is a baffle arrangement intended to quiet the noise vibration of the compressor blading.
Silencers are usually installed in both the air inlet system and the exhaust section of the gas turbine to reduce operating noise. Silencing is accomplished by baffles covered with sound-absorbing material. In some air inlet ducts, the interior walls of the ducting and air plenum chambers are also lined with this sound-absorbing material. ( Contd. )
Gas Turbine- Air Inlet System
Dr. Walid Abdelghaffar
Silencers
Gas turbine operating noise is harmful to the human ear. Silencers help but do not totally eliminate gas turbine noise. If you work near a gas turbine that is operating, you should wear ear protection to avoid hearing loss.
Gas Turbine- Air Inlet System
Dr. Walid Abdelghaffar
Trash Screens
The trash screens are the next component in the inlet ducting assembly. Trash screens prevent foreign objects from entering the compressor inlet. Trash screens are installed downstream in the ducting before the compressor inlet. Cont. )
Trash Screens
Access doors are provided to allow cleaning and servicing of the trash screens. Trash screens are constructed of stainless steel and should not require maintenance other than periodic cleaning and inspection.
Air Plenum
The final component in the duct assembly is the air plenum. The purpose of the air plenum is to provide equal distribution of ducted air to the compressor inlet. The air plenum is located just forward of the compressor inlet. One of the most common types of compressor inlets is the bellmouth inlet.
Air Plenum