CAUSES OF BEARING FAILURE

Improper Lubrication - 43%

How Much, How Often, What Type, What Thickness, What Properties are Important

Improper Mounting - 27%

Alignment, Work Area, General Practices, Inventory Control and Storage of Bearings

Other Lubrication Causes - 21%

Separation in Storage Temperature Limit Exceeded Moisture Contamination Other Contamination

Fatigue - 9% Ultimate L10 Life Expectancy

64% of Bearing Failures are Lubrication Related IS Not The Whole Story In the Industry We Serve, Most Bearings Fail Due To Some Form of CORROSION
CHESTERTON

INDUSTRIES SERVED

CHESTERTON

INDUSTRIES SERVED

CHESTERTON

EFFECT OF MOISTURE ON BEARING LIFE

MOBIL OIL REPRINT
Fatigue Life Water Content of Base Oil Description Reduction, Test Equipment Wet Oil, % Percent Mineral Oil -Dried 0.002 48 0.014 54 4-Ball 3.00 78 6.00 83 Squalene Oil Mineral Oil-Dried Esters Mineral Oil-Based Hydraulic Oil 1.000 Not Stated, Moist environment 0.050 1.00 32-43 80 29-73 45 4-Ball 4-Ball #204 Bearings Angular Contact Bearings Author Reference

Scott, 1960

Schatzberg & Felsen, 1969 Ciruna & Szieleit, 1972 Fein, 1969 Felsen,1972

CHESTERTON

WATER WASHOUT RESISTANCE

ASTM D1264 (DIN 51807) Grease Packed Bearings

Water, 80oC (175oF)

% Weight Loss of Grease Measured Typical Grease (Lithium) - 5% Water Resistant Grease <2% Exceptional < 0.5%
CHESTERTON

WATER CONTAMINATION
REDUCES BEARING LIFE SIGNIFICANTLY

% REDUCTION IN FATIGUE LIFE

90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0.002 3.0 48 78 83

6.0

% WATER IN OIL

Mobil Oil evaluation on bearing fatigue life 0.002% water reduces fatigue life 48% 6.0% water reduces fatigue life 83% 0.002% water is 1 drop of water in a quart of oil

FRETTED SHAFTS & SLEEVES

When shaft scoring occurs. A newly installed Lip Seal riding in same location on shaft will leak. Water penetrates the bearing immediatelyin all cases corrosion is RAPID and Bearing Life is reduced

CHESTERTON

^30K^ Contacts Here

Fretted Shafts & Sleeves

When shaft scoring occurs. A newly installed Lip Seal riding in same location on shaft will leak. A SpediSleve Seal is often used. While an improvement, the seal eventually fails, water penetrates the bearing immediatelyin all cases corrosion is RAPID and Bearing Life is reduced

CHESTERTON

^30K^ Contacts Here

Numerous SelfFretting Bearing Seals Available

Some are just metallic shields as OEM

^30K^ Contacts Here

CHESTERTON

Conventional Bearing Lip Seals Testing Data

CIC 7810-192 Exhibit III
NATIONAL MEDIAN RANK CR WAVESEAL .

CIC 7810-192 Exhibit IV

Percent Failure vs. Hours to Leakage

10 0

Hours to Failure(
182 188 275 300 556 648 772 902 1264

% Failure) Hours to Failure

6.7 16.32 25.94 35.57 45.19 54.81 64.43 74.06 83.68 144 576 1343 1736 1763 1973 1979 2946 2982

CR

% FAILURE

80 60 40 20 NATIONAL

1366
(57 Days)

93.30

3003
(125 Days)

1000

2000

3000

4000

TIME HOURS TO FAILURE

NATIONAL (Mean Life 645 hours) CR (Mean Life 1844 hours)

REPRINT FROM A CR INDUSTRIES REPORT

CHESTERTON

CORROSION PROTECTION
Salt Fog Performance - ASTM B117
Lithium Complex

Film Thickness
12 microns 37 microns

Aluminum Complex

# 615 HTG

200

400 600 800 Hours to Failure

1000

1200

CHESTERTON

BALL AND ROLLER BEARING LUBRICATION

(OIL AND GREASES)
Shaft Diameter
<2.5cm <1 2.5cm5.1cm 1 to 2 5.1cm7.1cm 2 to 3 Up to 300rpm 7.1 cm10.2cm 3 to 4 Up to 200rpm 10.2cm Over 4 Up to 100rpm Below 0oC (32oF) 0oC (32oF) to 38oC (100oF) 38oC (100oF) to 93oC (200oF) Over 93oC (200oF) Below 0oC (32oF) 0oC (32oF) to 38oC (100oF) 38oC (100oF) to 93oC (200oF) Over 93oC (200oF) Below 0oC (32oF) 0oC (32oF) to 38oC (100oF) 38oC (100oF) to 93oC (200oF) Over 93oC (200oF) Below 0oC (32oF) 0oC (32oF) to 38oC (100oF) 38oC (100oF) to 93oC (200oF) Over 93oC (200oF)

Operating Temperatures

Lubricant Recommended
Oil Viscosity Sec. @ 38oC (100oF) 150 to 185 250 to 350 400 to 1,000 1,500 to 2,500 150 to 185 250 to 350 400 to 600 700 to 1,000 Greases NLGI No. 0 to 1 1 2 2 to 3 0 to 1 1 2 2

Up to Up to 1,000rpm 500rpm

1,000 to 3,000rpm

500 to 300 to 200 to 1,500rpm 1,000rpm 750rpm

100 to 500rpm

3,000 to 1,500 to 1,000 to 750 to 500 to 10,000rpm 5,000rpm 3,000rpm 2,000rpm 1,000rpm

90 to 120 150 to 185 250 to 350 500 to 1,000 33 to 85 50 to 110 75 to 250 350 to 550

0 to 1 0 to 1 1 2 0 to 1 0 to 1 1 2

Over Over Over Over Over 10,000rpm 5,000rpm 3,000rpm 2,000rpm 1,000rpm

CHESTERTON

BALL AND ROLLER BEARING LUBRICATION

(OIL AND GREASES)
Shaft Diameter
<2.5cm 2.5cm5.1cm 5.1cm7.1cm 7.1 cm10.2cm 10.2cm

Operating Temperatures

Lubricant Recommended
Oil Viscosity Sec. @ 38oC Greases NLGI No.

Up to Up to 1,000rpm 500rpm

Up to 300rpm

Up to 200rpm

Up to 100rpm

Below 0oC 0oC to 38oC 38oC to 93oC Over 93oC Below 0oC 0oC to 38oC 38oC to 93oC Over 93oC Below 0oC 0oC to 38oC 38oC to 93oC Over 93oC Below 0oC 0oC to 38oC 38oC to 93oC Over 93oC

150 to 185 250 to 350 400 to 1,000 1,500 to 2,500 150 to 185 250 to 350 400 to 600 700 to 1,000

0 to 1 1 2 2 to 3 0 to 1 1 2 2

1,000 to 3,000rpm

500 to 300 to 200 to 1,500rpm 1,000rpm 750rpm

100 to 500rpm

3,000 to 1,500 to 1,000 to 750 to 500 to 10,000rpm 5,000rpm 3,000rpm 2,000rpm 1,000rpm

90 to 120 150 to 185 250 to 350 500 to 1,000 33 to 85 50 to 110 75 to 250 350 to 550

0 to 1 0 to 1 1 2 0 to 1 0 to 1 1 2

Over Over Over Over Over 10,000rpm 5,000rpm 3,000rpm 2,000rpm 1,000rpm

CHESTERTON

615 HIGH TEMPERATURE GREASE

Very High Dropping Point, 300 C ( 570 F)

Temperature Range - 40 C to 204 C (- 40 F to 400 F) Excellent Shear Resistance Excellent Shock Load and Wear Properties Very High Timken O.K. Load 29 kg (65 lbs.) Good Compatibility with Popular Greases Very High Water Washout Resistance, Below 1.6% Loss Extreme Water Tolerance (Add 30% Water and Still Get 20 kg (45 lbs.) Timken) Excellent Corrosion Resistance
o o o o

Highest Rating Possible for Automotive Bearing and Chassis Lubrication, NLGI GC-LB

CHESTERTON

615 HTG #1
Best in Class Extreme Pressure Properties and Antiwear Characteristics
Exceptional Corrosion Protection Excellent Oxidation Resistance, Long Grease Life Excellent Resistance to Water Washout and Contamination Easily Pumpable, Good in Central Lubrication Systems

Shear Stability and Grease Performance Maintained Over Wide Temperature Range
Measurably Longer Bearing Life

Temperature Range - 40 C to 204 C (- 40 F to 400 F)

CHESTERTON

615 HTG #1
General Rule of Thumb on Where to Use 615 # 1 Vs. the Standard 615:
Where Operating Speeds are Higher

Where Average Operating Temperatures are Lower When Customer Wants to Use in Automatic Lubrication System

See Pocket Guide for Reference on Specific Operating Conditions

CHESTERTON

TEMPERATURE EFFECT ON GREASE LIFETIME

Most Mineral-Oil-Based Greases (of Adequate Dropping Point) o o Will Operate Successfully to About 121 C (250 F).

A Smaller Number Can Handle 150 C (300 F). A Few Mineralo o Oil-Based Greases Can Operate to About 177 C (350 F).

Relubrication Intervals - Rolling Element Bearings, 8 hours per Day

82 C (180 F) o o 104 C (220 F) o o 149 C (300 F) o o 193 C (380 F) o o 238 C (460 F)
o o

- 6 Months - 3 Months - 1 Month - 1 Week - 1 Day

Source: NLGI, Lubricating Grease Guide

CHESTERTON

LUBRICUP

Demand Feed System Patented Metering System, Slowly Feeds Grease Only as Needed Prevents Over or Under Filling of Bearings
Eliminates Cause of Over 40% of Bearing Failures

Low Feed Pressure Prevents Bearing Seal Failure Time Interval for Relubrication Increased by 6x

Reduces Labor Cost to Regrease by Over 80%

Can Be Mounted at Any Angle Transparent Grease Reservoir Easy to See Grease Level

Easy to Refill in Place

CHESTERTON

REFILLING THE LUBRICUP

Refilling Lubri-Cup with 615

CHESTERTON

BEARING LIFE EXTENSION with LUBRICUP and 615 GREASE

CHESTERTON

615 HTG Vibration Analysis Dryer Fan, Horizontal Bearing, Paper Mill
10.000

7.500

Vibration, Khz

615 HTG APPLIED Alarm@4.0Khz Acceptable@3.0Khz

5.000

2.5000

20/10/99

14/11/99

09/12/99

03/01/00

28/01/00

MPM Multiparamater Receiver, Wilcoxon Model 782A Sensor

CHESTERTON

615 Additive Plating Technology

615 smoothes out surface roughness, reduces wear and vibration. Extends bearing life.

CHESTERTON

615 Additive Plating Technology

CHESTERTON

615 HTG Technology Overview

Chesterton's 615 is formulated using a surplus of Lubricity, EP and Anti-Wear additives, blended into a highly refined G III base oil, and thickened with a metallic organosulfonate complex. The resulting grease is "Best in Class" with respect to EP, Lubricity, Corrosion & Water Resistance.

Unlike conventional Aluminum, Calcium, & Lithium soap and complexed thickeners, Chesterton 615 is immune to hydrolysis or water breakdown. The grease remains functional even in heavy water contaminated bearings and equipment.
Chesterton's 615, with QBT (Quiet Bearing Technology) uses state of the art tribological technology to reduce vibration and ultra-sonic bearing noise. Proprietary polar and non-polar additives and thickener chemically fuse to the metal surfaces filling in asperities to form a "wear shield" on the metal surfaces.

This fusion of lubricating additives and thickeners to the molecular surface of the metal, protects the bearings from WEAR, PRESSURE and WATER CORROSION.

CHESTERTON