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Objectives a. Theoretical or Basic Research. It is basically conducted to develop theories or know basic facts about some theory.

It is completely academic. b. Factorial or Applied Research. The objective is to apply or test a theory and evaluate its usefulness in solving problems. c. Practical or Action Research. It aims at finding out some immediate action to address some localized problem. d. Addressing the Defined Problem. To find out ways and means to successfully manage an existing problem. e. Designing New Methods of Research. There is always a need to modify and find out new methods of research as research is an endless phenomenon. With the passage of time, new tools, instruments and techniques for research are required. f. Discovering New Concepts. The universe or its problems and mysteries have not been completely unfolded yet. The day to day changes and developments also create new challenges. This is one of the objectives of research to discover new concepts for further development. g. Modifying/Updating the Existing Concepts/Methods. This is self explanatory that nothing is final and need of updating and modification always remains there. This is one of the objectives of the research to constantly modify and update that existing or believed facts and concepts. 5. Sequence of Research Nothing will produce desired results if some system is not followed strictly. Research demands it the most. Since crises management demand flawless data, facts and thoughts therefore, a particular sequence has to be followed, in order to achieve the goal. Keeping particularly in view, the crises management, we need to follow a sequence that automatically leads us to make some decision or adopt a course of action. A suggested sequence is as under:a. Identification and definition of the problem. b. Formulation of hypothesis, an idea as to a probable solution to the problem, an intelligent guess or hunch. c. Collection, organization, and analysis of data. d. Formulation of conclusions. e. Verification, rejection, or modification of the hypothesis by the test of its consequences in a specific situation.

f. All therein, laws are called the generalization. a. Historical research. b. Descriptive research. c. Co-related research. d. Causal Comparative research. e. Experimental research. f. Qualitative / Quantitative research QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE (RESEARCH/APPROACHES) Qualitative Research / Approach. Qualitative research involves intensive data collection on many variables over an extended period of time, in a naturalistic setting. In contrast, quantitative study involves collection of limited and standardized numerical data. Significant features of qualitative and quantitative research /approach are given below. 1. Qualitative Approach. It is a text based research. Its main features are as under:a. Extensive narrative data is collected. b. Many variables are intensely studied. c. It has soft data. d. It extends over long span of time. e. There is no intervention and no control is implied. f. Does not start from hypothesis. g. It is in natural setting. h. Following types of research can be used, for qualitative approach:Historical Research Qualitative Research 2. Quantitative Approach. It is a numbers based research. It has following significant characteristic:a. Data is in numerical form.. b. It concentrates on one or a small number of variables. c. Data is in hard form. d. It studies current conditions. e. Frequent interaction and control of variables is implied. f. It starts from hypothesis. g. It is not in natural setting, instead it is designed. h. Following types of research can be used, in quantitative approach:Descriptive Research . Co- relational Research. Casual Comparative and Experimental Research. c

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