Revised draft 6

Republic of Malawi

NATIONAL YOUTH POLICY

Youth: The Nation Today and Tomorrow

Ministry of Youth Development and Sports

September 2007

Table of Contents
Foreword iii Acronyms .iv 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.6.1 2.6.2 2.7 2.8 3.0 3.1 3.1.0 3.1.1 3.2 3.2.0 3.2.1 3.3 3.3.0 3.3.1 INTRODUCTION ...1 BACKGROUND.1 RATIONALE...1 LINKAGES WITH OTHER RELEVANT POLICIES.1 DEFINITION OF YOUTH..1 YOUTH PROFILE..2 BROAD POLICY DIRECTIONS ............................................................................................................ 3 VISION.3 MISSION..3 PRINCIPLES..3 OVERALL GOAL..4 OBJECTIVES...4 RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE YOUTH .4 RIGHTS OF THE YOUTH4 RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE YOUTH..4 THE ROLE OF ADULTS TOWARDS THE YOUTH.6 REVIEW AND ENACTMENT OF LEGISLATION..7 POLICY AREAS..7 POLICY AREA1: EDUCATION8 POLICY AREA 1 GOAL..8 POLICY AREA 1 SPECIFIC OBJECTIVE 1..8 POLICY AREA 2: SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT...9 POLICY AREA 2 GOAL9 POLICY AREA 2 SPECIFIC OBJECTIVE 110 POLICY AREA 3: HEALTH AND NUTRITION10 POLICY AREA 3 GOAL:..11 POLICY AREA 3 SPECIFIC OBJECTIVE..11

3.4 Policy Area 4: Social Services, Recreation and Culture. .12 3.4.0 POLICY AREA 4 GOAL:..12 3.4.1 4.0 5.0 6.0 6.1 POLICY AREA 4 SPECIFIC OBJECTIVE..12 PRIORITY TARGET GROUPS.15 REVIEW OF THE POLICY15 IMPLEMENTATION MECHANISMS16 COORDINATION ..........................................16

6.1.1 NATIONAL YOUTH COORDINATION COMMITTEE16 6.2 ROLES AND FUNCTIONS OF THE MINISTRY OF YOUTH DEVELOPMENT AND SPORTS.17 AND THE NATIONAL YOUTH COUNCIL 6.2.1 6.2.2 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 8.0 9.0 THE MINISTRY OF YOUTH DEVELOPMENT AND SPORTS - DEPARTMENT OF YOUTH17 THE NATIONAL YOUTH COUNCIL OF MALAWI............17 MONITORING AND EVALUATION.18 INTERNAL SELF-MONITORING AND EVALUATION18 QUARTERLY MONITORING AND EVALUATION OF THE NATIONAL YOUTH POLICY BY NYCOM ...18 EXTERNAL OR INDEPENDENT MONITORING AND EVALUATION ..18 RESOURCE MOBILIZATION....................................19 CAPACITY BUILDING..19

APPENDIX 1: IMPLEMENTATION PLAN APPENDIX 2: POLICY IMPACT MONITORING AND EVALUATION

ii

Foreword
This National Youth Policy is a result of broad consultations with all those concerned with the youth and their development. Although the policy defines YOUTH as those between ages 10-29 years, the definition is quite flexible bearing in mind the variety of parameters that could be used in categorizing the youth. The youth represent a vast human resource potential which, if properly prepared and tapped can contribute positively to personal and national development. If neglected, however, the youth can spell disaster for whole generations to come. A number of issues impinge on the youths contribution to national development. High illiteracy rate, unemployment, under-employment, lack of scientific awareness, a high population growth rate, exploitation by adults, poverty and the HIV and AIDS pandemic are some of such issues affecting the youth that this policy proposes to address. This policy therefore, aims at empowering the youth to deal the social, cultural, economic and political challenges they meet in their everyday lives. The document provides broad guidelines from which action programs and services can be developed to facilitate meaningful participation and involvement of the youth in the overall national development efforts. These programs will also respond to youths needs, concerns and problems. It is the hope of the Ministry responsible for youth that this document will provide guidelines to all Government Ministries, Faith-Based Organizations, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), the Private Sector, the Donor Community, the International Youth Organizations and indeed the general public in our endeavour to build a better Malawi.

Hon. Khumbo Kachali, MP MINISTER FOR YOUTH DEVELOPMENT AND SPORTS

iii

Acronyms
ACEM AIDS ASUM BLM CERT CHAM CRC DACC DHRMD EMIS FAWEMA FBO HIV MARDEF MDHS MGDS MIAA MIE MoE&VT MoF MoLSW MoNREA MoWCD MoYDS NAC NGO NYCoM OVC Association of Christian Educators in Malawi Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Association of Sunni Maddrassa Banja La Mtsogolo Centre for Education Research and Training Christian Health Association of Malawi Convention on the Rights of the Child District AIDS Coordinating Committee Department of Human Resource Management and Development Education Management Information System Foundation for African Women Educationists in Malawi Faith Based Organisation Human Immunodeficiency Virus Malawi Rural Development Fund Malawi Demographic and Health Surveys Malawi Growth and Development Strategy Malawi Interfaith AIDS Association Malawi Institute of Education Ministry of Education Ministry of Finance Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Affairs Ministry of Women and Child Development Ministry of Youth Development and Sports National AIDS Commission Non Governmental Organisation National Youth Council of Malawi Orphans and Vulnerable Children iv

PRISAM PSI SRH STI TEVETA UN UNICEF UNFPA UNIMA WMS YOMIS

Private Schools Association of Malawi Population Services International Sexual and Reproductive Health Sexually Transmitted Infection Technical, Vocational Education and Training Authority United Nations United Nations Children Fund United Nations Population Fund University of Malawi Welfare Monitoring Survey Youth Management Information System

1.0 1.1

INTRODUCTION Background The purpose of this policy document is to affirm the identity and status of the Malawian youth as a distinct sector of government policy, and to create a direction in development programs. The National Youth Policy therefore aims at mainstreaming youth activities and contributions and to highlight youth concerns as critical input in the development process. The youth are energetic, adventurous, industrious, strong, healthy, and willing to learn. They are therefore an important human resource, but their full potential is under-realized, under-utilized, and sometimes misdirected. It is accepted that the well-being and contributions of young women and men are a major determinant of the current and future development of the nation.

1.2

Rationale This policy draws from the 1996 National Youth Policy that has guided youth programs and services for the past nine years. It however, is a departure from the 1996 policy in so far as it embraces new challenges and other emerging issues currently facing young men and women in Malawi. Just like any other policy however, this policy provides a framework with guidelines for the facilitation of meaningful youth development programs and services with full participation of the young people themselves at all levels.

1.3

Linkages with Other Relevant Policies and Legal Instruments The current national youth policy, just like any other public sector policy, draws from several other public sector policies and programs that target the youth. In this regard, it has been informed by provisions that government has made for the youth in the following public sector policies and programs as well as other international standard setting instruments: National Policy for Orphans and Other Vulnerable Children; Reproductive Health Policy (2002); The Malawi Growth and Development Strategy (MGDS) which has subsumed the Malawi Poverty Reduction Strategic Paper; Vision 2020; The Education For All (EFA) Goals; The Millennium Development Goals; The Republican Constitution of Malawi; The UN Convention on the Rights of the Child; The UN Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women; The National TEVET Policy; The National Education Policy; The National HIV and AIDS Policy (2003) and The National Policy for Equalisation of People with Disabilities.

1.4

Definition of Youth This policy defines youth as all young persons, female and male, from age 10 to 29 years regardless of their marital, education, economic and physical status. It recognizes that youth is a definitive social entity that has its own specific problems, concerns, needs, and aspirations. 1

1.5

Youth Profile The youth profile in Malawi indicates that out of the population of 12.3 million in 2005 according to the 1998 Population and Housing Census projection, 46% are young people 15 years and below. It is further estimated that two-fifths (40%) of Malawi population is aged between 10-29 years. Literacy rate amongst the youth aged 15-24 is estimated at 78% with slightly more males (81%) than females (74%) being literate according to Welfare Monitoring Survey (WMS) 2005. Although youth constitute a significant proportion of the population, they lack basic opportunities that would enable them develop their full potential. This has been compounded by the presence of a range of adverse conditions that impinge on the youth; the most perverse being poverty. The agricultural sector which accounts for about 63.7% of the total labour continues to lose its significance due to increasing land pressure while the labour market in the industrial and social sectors remains small. This has contributed a lot to the increased rural/urban drift and the increasing rate of unemployment and under-employment especially amongst the youth. According to the Welfare Monitoring Survey (2005), the national unemployment rate in the formal sector amongst youth aged 15-24 years in 2005 was 9% with more females (10%) than males (8%) being unemployed. This is a clear indication that the formal sector is failing to absorb all the employable youth, hence the need to create other avenues through the non-formal sector to compliment the formal sector. The absence of a coordinated approach to youth issues has also resulted in the absence of programs beneficial to the youth. Above all, the youth have not been actively/meaningfully involved in decision making on issues which affect them. This is happening at a time when the youth is becoming increasingly vulnerable in the following areas: Unemployment Early marriage and teenage pregnancy HIV/AIDS and STIs Smoking, drug and alcohol abuse Poverty Inadequate access to secondary and tertiary education due to fees Orphan hood mainly due to HIV/AIDS. Child labour and exploitation both at household and work places Youth marginalization and discrimination Inadequate technical and vocational training centers 2

 2.0 2.1

Inadequate sporting and leisure facilities Harmful cultural practices Environmental degradation.

BROAD POLICY DIRECTIONS Vision The vision of the National Youth Policy is an educated, healthy, well trained, vibrant and productive young people.

2.2

Mission The mission is to create an enabling environment for all young people to develop to their full potential in order to contribute significantly to personal and national development.

2.3

Principles and Values The National Youth policy seeks to promote a sense of individual responsibility of the Malawian Youth towards their communities based on the following principles and values: a) Active involvement of the youth in decision-making and national development programs; b) Pursuit of excellence in ones maximum potential and assertiveness; c) Promotion for self-development and education d) Respect for individual human dignity, culture, democracy, human rights and rule of law; elders and others, peoples beliefs and views, ones cultural values, e) Respect for environment for sustainable national development f) Respect for gender equality and equity g) Respect the right of young people as provided for in the republican constitution h) Promotion of the total well-being of oneself physically, intellectually, spiritually, culturally and morally; i) j) l) Promotion of national unity; obedience, loyalty and discipline Promotion of spirit of self-reliance; patriotism and volunteerism Youth participation and implementation in the best interest of the youth 3

k) Non-discrimination against age, sex, marital status, vulnerability.

2.4

Overall Goal The Overall Goal of this policy is to provide framework that guides youth development and implementation of all youth programs Objectives The Policy will seek to fulfill the following objectives: a) Guide policy makers on issues relating to young people. b) Provide guidance on the design of minimum standards of programmes for youth participation and development. c) Justify the allocation of resources (financial, human, and material) for young people d) Provide guidance for protection of young people e) Promote active participation of young people in the formulation and legislation, policies and in decision making process at all levels f) Promote gender equity and equality in all youth programmes. g) h) Provide guidelines for monitoring and evaluation of youth programmes. Strengthen the multi-sectoral and multi-disciplinary institutional framework for coordination and implementation of youth programmes.

2.5

2.6 2.6.1

Rights and Responsibilities of the Youth Rights of the Youth Every young person is entitled to rights as enshrined in the Convention of the Rights of Children (CRC) and the constitution of the Republic of Malawi, among others, as follows: a) Right to good Health b) Right to quality education c) Right to protection from sexual exploitation and gender based violence, against child-labour and neglect, etc d) Right to social and economic services e) Right to participate in governance issues and in all decision-making processes relating to the welfare of the youth f) Right to gainful employment either in any sector on completion of formal or nonformal education 2.6.2 Responsibilities of the Youth While every young person has rights as enshrined in the CRC and constitution, they also 4

have responsibilities. As such, whilst enjoying their rights, young people should observe the following corresponding virtues and obligations: Health a) Protecting themselves and others against HIV infection b) Contribute to care and acceptance of and support of those infected and affected c) Reduce health-related stigma and discrimination d) Seek expert medical care and services early and consistently e) Avoid engaging in health damaging behaviour such as excessive alcohol intake, drug abuse and other risky behavours including early sex, multiple sexual partners, inconsistent and incorrect condom use Education a) Attend and observe school rules and regulations b) Protect school property/facilities c) Avoid bullying/teasing fellow young people irrespective of their status Economic, Social and Cultural responsibilities a) Promote the spirit of tolerance b) Actively take part in all national development processes c) Promote and defend democracy, peace and security d) Avoid negative cultural practices Environment a) Participating in environmental conservation activities Other responsibilities a) Respect for the public and public property b) Patriotism c) Hard work for personal, community and national development d) Promote and observe gender equity and equality e) Take part in all community self-help projects including youth clubs, organizations to promote their own well being, the well being of their communities etc f) Undertake initiatives for their own economic development 5

g) Promote positive cultural practices and values including respect for elders and societal norms h) Contribute towards alleviating the plight of OVC and disadvantaged people 2.7 The Role of Adults towards the Youth The National Youth Policy recognizes the important roles that adults and parents play in guiding the youth. Some of these important roles are: a) Being positive role models to young men and women; b) Providing for the physical, emotional, mental, moral, spiritual and economic well- being of the youth; c) Ensure provision of quality education to youth; d) Accepting the youth, recognizing, acknowledging and promoting their positive potential contribution to the society; e) Cooperating with the youth in all development programs; f) Promoting and supporting youth creativity, innovation and initiatives; g) Protecting youth against all forms of violence including abuse, neglect and exploitation; h) Assisting, encouraging and motivating young women and men in reaching their goals and full potential; i) j) l) Promoting the development and sustenance of individual, community and family values for the benefit of the youth Promoting youth participation in decision making processes Protecting the youth against gender- based violence

k) Guiding and counseling youth about the dangers of HIV/AIDS m) Protect youth from harmful forms of child exploitation including child-labour and child sex work n) Promote access to quality education and training for young females and males. 2.8 Review and Enactment of Legislation This policy provides for the review of existing laws and policies that do not adequately address the needs of young people. Outstanding among these being the ones listed below: i. National Youth Council Act 6

ii. iii. iv. v. vi. vii. viii. ix.

Handicapped Persons Act Employment of Women Act Children and Young Persons Act Probation of Offenders Act Liquor Licensing Act Adoption of Children Act Wills and Inheritance Act Rehabilitation of young offenders

The policy also provides for an enactment of specific legislation to protect youth in the following specific circumstances that seem to be not specifically provided for in the laws of Malawi: i. ii. iii. iv. v. vi. vii. viii. ix. x. xi. xii. Prostitution Impregnating school girls that involves other males apart from teachers Sexual abuse/harassment/incest Harmful cultural practices Corporal punishment Drug, alcohol and substance abuse Early, forced, and arranged marriages Universal primary and increased access to secondary school education Birth registration Definition of youth Juvenile justice Child trafficking

Some of the laws however contain adequate provisions but are not enforced, examples being those affecting young offenders like the Probation of Young Offenders Act, Children and Young Persons Act and the Liquor Licensing Act 3.0 POLICY AREAS While recognizing the wide range of issues of concern to the youth in Malawi, the following areas have been identified as priority areas for action: i. ii. iii. Education, Science, Technology and Environment, Health and Nutrition, 7

iv. v. vi. 3.1.0

Social Services, Recreation, Sport and Culture, Youth Participation and Leadership Youth Economic Empowerment,

EDUCATION Education is a major priority in the development of young men and women, not simply because young people are often connected to the education system, but because it is through education that young women and men can be better prepared for life. The personal development of the individual young person, along with the development of local communities and the country as a whole is inextricably linked to the provision of quality, relevant and well-managed education. The Republican Constitution of Malawi provides for the right to education for all its citizens. Further, the National Youth Policy recognizes and draws from the provision of the Ministry of Education Policy and Investment Framework (2001) as well as from the recommendations of the National Conference on Education (2005). Despite having the supportive instrument highlighted in the preceding paragraph, a lot of challenges still remain and militate against the promotion of universal educations as well as pupil/student retention in school. For instance, the ratio of females to males in the lower primary school grades (1 to 3) is nearly 50:50. However, from grades 4 to 8 the ratio begins to drop so much so that in secondary school the male: female ratio is estimated at 72:28 while in university it is estimated to be 74:26.

3.1.0

Goal Increase opportunities for young peoples gainful employment and fruitful contribution to the countrys development.

3.1.1

Specific Objective 1 To improve both formal and non-formal education and training for young people in the country.

Strategies In order to improve the education situation in Malawi, the National Youth Policy provides for the following strategies: 3.1.1.1 3.1.1.2 Establish, maintain and expand educational facilities to accommodate the needs of the increasing number of the young people; Allocate adequate and appropriate human, financial and material resources to improve on quality of education in Malawi; 8

3.1.1.3 3.1.1.4 3.1.1.5 3.1.1.6 3.1.1.7 3.1.1.8 3.1.1.9 3.1.1.10 3.1.1.11 3.1.1.12 3.1.1.13

Review education curricula for both formal and non-formal sector periodically to meet the changing needs of young people in the rapidly changing world; Liberalize the education system to allow for more participation of the private sector; Enforce minimum standards in both public and private sector to ensure quality of education; Mainstream Guidance and Counseling in the school curricula; Ensure that Guidance and Counseling is provided as a service in all schools and in other out-of-school learning structures; Provide education support in form of bursaries to deserving needy young people; Teach Technical and Vocational education subjects in both at primary and secondary schools; Maintain teaching of career subjects that promote good citizenship, values, responsibilities; Encourage school feeding programs in all primary schools; Encourage girls to go back to school after giving birth; Promote Free Primary Education especially for girls and OVC and access to secondary education SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT Science and technology are pre-requisite to any development process. Investment in science, technology and the environment is therefore critical in order to increase productivity. It has to be understood, however, that for the economy to grow it does not only require capital investment but also a competent and skilled workforce. Human resource development will be an important ingredient towards economic growth and development that would then lead to poverty reduction. Thus, any nation ignoring this and failing to invest in its people particularly its young persons cannot be serious about national development and poverty reduction. Hence, promotion of young peoples participation in science, technology and environmental conservation is a necessity for economic growth and national development.

3.2

3.2.0

Goal Increase number of young women and men studying and taking an active role in science, technology and environmental conservation.

3.2.1

Specific Objective 1 To promote science, technology and environmental education amongst young people.

Strategies 3.2.1.1 Popularise Science and Technology in all schools and non-formal settings. 3.2.1.2 Promote awards for gifted girls and vulnerable young people in the field of science and technology. 3.2.1.3 Promote awards for outstanding contributions. 3.2.1.4 Promote Environmental education and conservation in the formal and no-formal education . 3.3 HEALTH AND NUTRITION Health and well-being are a function of, and a means to overall socio-economic development. Where young people are concerned, the enjoyment of a health status that enables them to lead an economically and socially productive life means that they have not only benefited from the availability and access to appropriate services, but have also been actively involved in the decision-making process and have acquired relevant information and behaviour patterns that continue to improve and promote their health. Young people face a lot of health problems and challenges such as communicable and non-communicable diseases, teenage and unwanted pregnancies, unsafe abortion, and all forms of sexual violence and coercion that contribute to high maternal mortality, school drop out, death and poverty, among others. The findings of the Malawi Demographic and Health Surveys (2004) indicate that HIV prevalence increases with age for both women and men until it reaches a peak at age 30-34 (18% for women and 20% for men). This shows that increased number of young people become more susceptible to HIV infection as they grow from childhood to adolescence, hence the need for effective and gender sensitive interventions to reverse the impact of HIV infection among young people. Nutrition is associated with health in the sense that malnutrition can lead to ill health. Malnutrition, whatever cause may be, retards economic growth and development. The effect of under nutrition is wasting, under-weight, stunting and mental retardation, which has far reaching consequences. A poorly nourished body is primary and highly susceptible to infections. While adequate nutritional intake is important for all human beings and is closely linked to patterns of morbidity and mortality, it is particularly for young people more so for girls and young women. Both protein-energy malnutrition and micronutrient deficiencies especially 10

for young persons contribute to morbidity and mortality from a variety of infections and chronic diseases. 3.3.0 Goal Ensure healthy and productive generations of young people 3.3.1 Specific Objective To promote general health, and sexual and reproductive health of young people. Strategies: 3.3.1.1 3.3.1.2 3.3.1.3 3.3.1.4 3.3.1.5 3.3.1.6 3.3.1.7 3.3.1.8 3.4.1.9 Promote abstinence among young people and mutual faithfulness among young married couples Promote youth friendly reproductive health services among all young people. Enable young people access counseling and testing, ART, HIV services and other nutrition supplements. Make contraceptive, condoms accessible to sexually active young people. Sustain SRH and HIV prevention information in and out of schools. Discourage sexual and cultural practices that promote the spread of STIs including HIV and AIDS, early marriages and teenage pregnancies. Scale up and accelerate other HIV preventions intervention for young people Promote programmes on gender equity and equality, male involvement, girls and young women empowerment to reduce HIV transmission. Provide Information on the effects of tobacco, alcohol and intoxicating drugs to all young people to protect them from effects of substance abuse 3.4.1.10 Enforce regulations and by-laws regarding tobacco, alcohol and intoxicating drugs 3.4.1.11 Provide information and services to adolescents to help them understand their sexuality and protect themselves from unwanted pregnancies, STIs including HIV, etc. 3.4.1.12 Provide safe and supportive environment, accurate information and counseling, training of build life skills, and accessible, good quality health services including post-abortal care. 3.4.1.13 Enforce existing laws that prescribe a minimum age for marriage, and work in partnership with communities to increase support for later marriage and childbearing. 3.4.1.14 Encourage young people to actively participate in the production and processing of nutritious foods. 11

3.4.1.15 Provide nutrition education in general and in the context of HIV and AIDS to young people. 3.4.1.16 Provide information on the prevention, early diagnosis and treatment of Tuberculosis 3.4. SOCIAL SERVICES, RECREATION AND CULTURE Physical Education, Sports, Cultural activities and recreation are important to the total well being of young people. Young people have physical needs that include general body fitness that can partly be attained through physical exercises. Socially and culturally, young people grow up and develop within a society or community and family that have various beliefs, customs, norms and practices that impact on their lives. In this regard, relationships that exist between the young person and the family, community, school and peers etc should be taken into consideration when coming up with programs for young people. Social needs for young people also include recreational activities. Recreational facilities help to keep young people busy and occupied hence they can hardly find idle time to engage in risky behaviours that would predispose the HIV infection. 3.4.0 Goal Enhance the well-being of young people. 3.4.1 Specific Objective To increase the proportion of youths participating in physical exercises, sports and recreation activities. Strategies: 3.4.1.1 Support young people to participate physical exercises, recreation and sporting activities. 3.4.1.2 Mobilise the private sector, public sector, FBOs, NGOs, local authorities to support participation of young people in sport and recreation activities. 3.4.1.3 Mobilise the private sector, local authorities, FBOs, NGOs to provide facilities and equipment for young people. 3.4.1.4 Sensitise young people on the importance of sports in relation to health 3.4.1.5 Mobilise all stakeholders to support all sports disciplines not only football. 3.4.2 Specific Objective To increase youth participation and appreciation of cultural activities. 12

Strategies: 3.4.2.1 Mobilise young people to embrace and preserve culture for posterity. 3.4.2.2 Support young people to participate in cultural activities. 3.4.2.3 Mobilise the private sector, public sector, FBOs, NGOs, local authorities to support participation of young people in cultural activities. 3.4.2.4 Sensitise youths and all stakeholders on the harmful cultural beliefs and practices 3.5 YOUTH PARTICIPATION AND LEADERSHIP Youth marginalization and discrimination is one of the issues affecting the youth. Traditionally, youths are expected to be passive recipients of services from adults and institutions. As a result, they have not been actively and meaningfully involved in decision making and interventions about issues which affect them as a target group and the nation as whole. It is common knowledge that youths are energetic, strong, industrious and healthy and constitute a significant proportion of the countrys population. To ensure that issues affecting the youths and other target groups are adequately addressed, the National Youth Policy provides for Youth Participation and Leadership as one of its policy areas. 3.5.1 Goal To increase the contribution of youth to the growth and development of the country 3.5.1 Specific Objective To increase participation of youth in personal, community as well as national development. Strategies 3.5.1.1 Facilitate the establishment of youth clubs and youth centers in all the communities. 3.5.1.2 Support deserving youth clubs to develop to youth organizations. 3.5.1.3 Facilitate the establishment of youth networks at community. district and national levels. 3.5.1.4 Equip leaders of youth clubs, youth organizations, youth centres and youth networks with leadership and management skills. 3.5.1.5 Develop and provide a minimum standard package to youth clubs, youth organizations, youth centres and youth networks. 3.5.1.6 Sensitise all stakeholders including youths, parents, community leaders and development organisations on the importance of youth clubs. 3.5.1.7 Promote awards for outstanding contributions by the youth participation structures and individuals. 13

3.5.1.8 Advocate for inclusion of youth in decision making bodies at all levels such as Village Development Committees, Area Development Committees and District Assemblies. 3.5.1.9 Support adults to provide guidance and support to youth participating structures 3.6.1.9 Encourage young people to actively participate in all decision-making processes relating to their welfare and also in national development programmes.

3.6

YOUTH ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT Studies have shown that the formal employment sector is unable to absorb all employable young people. According to the Welfare Monitoring Survey (2005), the national unemployment rate among youth aged 15-24 years was 9% with more females (10%) than males (8%) being unemployed. According to the MGDS, unemployment among the youth has worsened over the last 20 years. Increasingly, the youth are completing their education with very little prospect of securing a job, or engaging in entrepreneurial activities. Due to lack of experience, very few employers are willing to recruit and train them on the job. The main contributing factor to the issues of unemployment and poverty among the youth is lack of employable skills resulting from very few skills training centres available in the country. This therefore calls for the need to increase the number of youth who are actively participating in public and private sectors and also the creation of more avenues for the youth that are unable to get employment in the formal sector to do so in the informal sector or be self-employed for a better living.

3.6.0

Goal To improve socio-economic status of youths through increased incomes.

3.6.1 Objective To create a conducive environment for youth employment both in the formal and informal sectors Strategies In order to achieve the above-mentioned objective, the National Youth Policy provides for the following strategies:3.6.1.1 3.6.1.2 3.6.1.3 3.6.1.4 Promote and support Technical, Vocational and Entrepreneurship training facilities; Promote community-based skills training programmes for the youths including village polytechnics Establish youth multi-purpose skills training centres Promote functional literacy programs for young people; 14

3.6.1.5 3.6.1.6 3.6.1.7 3.6.1.8 3.6.1.9 3.6.1.10 3.6.1.11 3.6.1.12 3.6.1.13 3.6.1.14 3.6.1.15 4.0

Support female youth to take up technical and science subjects. Encourage girls to enroll in technical training institutions. Encourage the private sector, FBOs, NGOs to participate in the provision of technical training to young people Provide special training programmes for young people with disabilities. Establish youth credit initiatives for deserving young people. Establish and support business advisory services for youths Support a National Development Service for Youth for young people to acquire survival and development skills. Enforce equal employment opportunities for young women and young men; Promote rules and regulations for the informal sector to create more employment opportunities for young people. Review the mandatory retirement age in line with needs of young people and the prevailing average life expectancy. Enforce Child Labour Laws. PRIORITY TARGET GROUPS The National Youth Policy provides the basis for developing opportunities for all programmes that have an impact on the youth in Malawi. However, certain key Social groups particularly young females are identified for specific support and affirmative action due to past discrimination and other constraining circumstances. The social groups earmarked for special attention are: a) Orphans b) Young people with disabilities c) Youth living with HIV. d) Young people on the street. e) Youth in conflict with the law. f) Unemployed youth g) Teenage mothers

5.0

REVIEW OF THE POLICY 15

Youth development is a very dynamic process that requires regular review. The National Youth Policy shall therefore be reviewed at least after every five years of implementation or earlier depending on the magnitude of emerging issues that may require fresh policy provisions. 6.0 6.1 IMPLEMENTATION MECHANISMS Coordination The National Youth Policy shall be implemented by various stakeholders who have different interests on youth development at any one point. Whilst these divergent interests can be a source of strength in that various needs of the youth could easily be addressed in this manner, the same divergence could be a source of weakness in that it may lead to confusion, conflict of interests, and marginalization of other youth groups. In order to ensure that all stakeholders aspire towards the same goal, share the same vision and are accountable in the provision of youth services, there is need for proper inter-agency coordination at all levels. The coordination will also guarantee adherence to set standards and quality control. 6.1.1 National Youth Coordination Committee To ensure proper coordination and accountability of youth programmes, there shall be a National Youth Coordination Committee in the country. The coordination will happen at policy, planning and monitoring implementation of the national youth policy at all levels. The Ministry of Youth Development and Sports shall be the secretariat and convener of the national coordination meetings. All existing steering and technical working groups on young people shall report to the National Youth Coordination Committee. The national youth coordination meetings shall be scheduled bi-annually, and apart from receiving reports from the district coordination committees, plan and guide youth policy and program development at national level. 6.1.2 District Youth Coordination Committees This policy further provides for an inter-agency coordination committee at District Assembly Level. This committee will be a revival of the already existing District Youth Technical Committee. The District Youth Technical Sub-Committee shall be one of the sub-committees under the District Executive Committee (DEC).The committee will hold scheduled quarterly stakeholders meetings at which all involved with youth work will report. The District Youth Technical Committee will submit quarterly reports to the National Youth Coordination Committee through its secretariat which is the Ministry of Youth Development and Sports. 16

6.2.0

Roles and Functions of the Ministry of Youth Development and Sports and the National Youth Council The policy recognizes the complementary roles played by the Department of Youth as the mother body for Youth Development and the National Youth Council in this respect. At the same time the policy realizes that because of certain duality in such roles, there could be a thin line between the roles of the two institutions that may overlap. The policy has therefore taken responsibility to highlight in part the roles and responsibilities of the two arms.

6.2.1

The Ministry of Youth Development and Sports - Department of Youth As a lead Government arm in matters relating to the youth, the purpose of the Department of Youth is to develop the full potential of the youth of Malawi and to promote their active participation in personal and national development. The department of youth is mandated to: a) Formulate and review the policy b) Guide and monitor implementation of the National Youth Policy by all relevant stakeholders. c) Ensure that the National Youth Council of Malawi operates according to guidelines as laid down in the National Youth Council Act. d) Provide direction to all relevant government and relevant stakeholders to mainstream issues of young people in all national development frameworks. e) Leverage resources for the promotion of youth livelihood including business and credit management f) Develop and provide guidelines for youth development and participation. g) Provide policy guidelines and direction for the coordination of youth programs at all levels. h) Organize and promote scholarships for youth workers, members of youth organizations and relevant officials i) j) Provide overall guidance and direction on monitoring and evaluation (M&E) of youth programs. Develop and maintain a Youth Management Information System (Y0MIS)

6.2.2

The National Youth Council of Malawi This policy recognizes the important role played by the National Youth Council of Malawi (NYCoM) as a statutory institution in youth development. The main function of the National 17

Youth Council of Malawi is to contribute towards youth empowerment and development through the promotion, coordination and implementation of youth development programs. In order to achieve these functions, the Council is mandated to: a) Register all youth organizations. b) Regulate implementation of youth activities and development by various stakeholders at all levels. c) Advise the government and any other authority on matters relating to youth participation and development advisory role to government. d) Monitor and evaluate youth programs. e) Facilitate and encourage cooperation among registered youth organizations in Malawi f) Initiate operation and management of non-profit making or profit making projects in support of youth development g) Facilitate the capacity development of youth organizations. h) Promote research, documentation and serve as repository for information and data on youth and youth issues in collaboration with other organizations within and outside the country. i) 7.0 7.1 Advocate for youth participation and representation in all structures of leadership, governance and management.

MONITORING AND EVALUATION Internal Self-Monitoring and Evaluation The execution of the National Youth Policy requires a comprehensive and effective monitoring and evaluation system with appropriate and efficient feedback mechanisms. This requires undertaking monitoring and evaluation functions at all levels including gathering information at macro, sectoral, district and grassroots level.

7.2

Quarterly Monitoring and Evaluation of the National Youth Policy by NYCoM To further enhance monitoring and evaluation of the implementation of the National Youth Policy, the MoYDS, as an over-seer of the implementation process of the Policy will establish a Monitoring and Evaluation system that will monitor and evaluate the implementation of the policy at national level and report to other stakeholders. Monitoring and evaluation of the implementation process by the MoYDS will be done quarterly.

7.3

External or Independent Monitoring and Evaluation 18

The NYCoM in conjunction with the Department of Youth at Ministry level will also be responsible for making resources available to sub-contract external/independent evaluators to monitor and evaluate the policy implementation process at the end of every five years. 8.0 RESOURCE MOBILIZATION The Department of Youth in conjunction with the NYCoM will be responsible for ensuring that adequate resources are made available for the execution of the National Youth Policy at national level. At local level, the District Youth Office in conjunction with the District Assemblies will also ensure that adequate resources are made available to carry out all planned youth development programs. 9.0 CAPACITY BUILDING This Policy strongly advocates for the following in the implementation process: Inter-agency coordination, Monitoring and evaluation, Resource mobilization, For an effective implementation of the Policy, Department of Youth, NYCOM as well as relevant district level structures will need to be capacitated to operationalise the outlined strategies and several others. Capacity in human, financial, material and technical, as well as infrastructure needs to be enhanced.

19

APPENDIX 1: Implementation Plan

OVERALL POLICY GOAL : To provide a framework that guides youth development and implementation of all youth programs. OVERALL POLICY OBJECTIVES: (see page 3) Specific Goal POLICY AREA 1 : Education Increase opportunities for young peoples gainful employment and effective contributions to the countrys development. Specific Objectives To improve formal education for young people in the country Strategy Establish maintain and expand educational facilities to accommodate the needs of the increasing number of the young people Allocate adequate and appropriate human, financial and material resources to improve on quality of education in Malawi Review education curriculum for both formal and non-formal sector particularly to meet the changing needs of young people in the rapidly changing world. Liberalise the education system to allow for more participation of the private sector Enforce minimum standards in both public and private schools to ensure quality of education Mainstream Guidance and Counselling course in the school curriculum Responsibility for Implementation MOE, FBOs, Sector, NGOs, Universities, MoYSC Time Frame Yearly

MoE, FBOs, MoF, MoYSC.

Continuously

MoE, MIE, MoYDS

Every ten years

MoE, MoYDS

Continuously

MoE, MoYDS

Continuously

MoE, MIE, MoYDS

By end 2007

20

Specific Goal

Specific Objectives

Strategy Ensure that Guidance and Counselling is provided as a service in all schools and in other out-of-school learning structures. Provide education support in form of bursaries to deserving needy young people Maintain teaching of career subjects that promote good citizenship, values, and responsibilities. Encourage school feeding programs in all primary schools Encourage girls to go back to school after giving birth Promote Free Primary education especially for girls and OVCs and access to secondary education. Promote functional literacy programs for young people

Responsibility for Implementation MoE, MIE, Universities, Colleges, Training Institutions, FBOs, NGOs MoYSC MoE, MoF, MoYDS, NGOs, FBOs, Companies, Development Partners and Donors MoE, MIE, MoYDS, FBOs, Private sector MoE, FBOs, NGOs, Private Sector, Development Partners, Donors Ministries and Departments, NGOs, FBOs, Communities MoE, MIE, MoDS, FBOs, NGOs, Development Partners, Private Sector, Donors. Ministries and Departments, Youth Organisations, NGOs, FBOs, Private Sector, Development Partners, Communities

Time Frame Continuously

Continuously

By end 2007

By 2010 Continuously Continuously

Continuously

21

Specific Goal

Specific Objectives

Strategy Popularize science and technology in all schools and non-formal settings

POLICY AREA 2: Science, Technology and Environment To promote science, Increase number of young technology and environmental women and studying and taking an active role in science, education and training amongst young people technology and environmental conservation

Responsibility for Implementation MoEVT and other Relevant Ministries and Departments, TEVETA, FBOs, Universities, Technical Colleges and Training Institutions. MoEVT, MoYDS, TEVETA, FBOs, Development partners, Private Sector TEVETA, MoYDS, MoOVT , FBOs, Development partners, Private Sector MoEVT, MoNREA, Universities, Colleges and Training Institutions, NGOs, FBOs. Responsibility for Implementation FBOs, NGOs Ministries and Department, Private Sector, communities. NYCoM, MoH/RHU, MoYDS, CHAM, NGOs, FBOs, Private Sector, Development Partners. MoH, Govt Ministries and Depts, CHAM, NGOs, FBOs, NAC, Youth Organisations, Private Sector, Development Partners, Communities

Time Frame Continuously

Promote awards for gifted girls and vulnerable young people in the field of science and technology Promote awards for outstanding contributions in science, technology, and environment. Promote environmental education and conservation in the formal and nonformal education.

Yearly Yearly

Continuously

Specific Goal

Specific Objectives

Strategy Promote abstinence among young people and mutual faithfulness among young married couples. Promote Youth Friendly reproductive Health Services among all young people Enable young people access HIV counselling and testing, ART, and nutritional nutrition supplements.

Time Frame Continuously

POLICY AREA 3: HEALTH AND Nutrition To promote general health and Ensure healthy and productive sexual and reproductive health generations of young people of young people

Continuously Continuously

22

Specific Goal

Specific Objectives

Strategy Make contraceptives and condoms accessible to sexually active young people. Sustain SRH and HIV prevention information in schools and youth clubs

Responsibility for Implementation MoH MoYDS, NGOs, NAC, Youth Organisations, Private Sector MoE, FBOs, Youth Organisations, NAC, MoE/RHU, relevant Govt. Ministries and Depts., NGOs, Private Sector, development Partners, Communities Youth Organisations, Govt. Ministries and Depts, FBOs, NGOs, Communities Youth Organisations, Ministries and Departments, NAC, FBOs, NGOs, Development Partners, Donors, Communities. Ministries and Departments, Youth Organisations, FBOs, NGOs, Development Partners, Communities

Time Frame Continuously Continuously

Discourage sexual and cultural practices that promote the spread of STIs including HIV and AIDS, early marriage and teenage pregnancies. Scale up and accelerate other HIV prevention interventions for young people Promote programs on gender equity and equality, male involvement, girls and young womens empowerment to reduce HIV transmission.

Continuously

Continuously

Continuously

23

Specific Goal

Specific Objectives

Strategy Provide information to young people on the effects to tobacco, alcohol and intoxicating drugs to protect them from effects of substance abuse. Enforce regulations and by-laws regarding tobacco, alcohol and intoxicating drugs Provide information and services to the youths to help them understand their sexuality and protect themselves from unwanted pregnancies, STIs including HIV, etc. Provide safe and supportive environment, accurate information and counselling, training to build life skills, and accessible, good quality health services including post-abortal care Enforce existing laws that prescribe a minimum age for marriage, and work in partnership with communities to increase support for later marriage and childbearing. Promote equity in the allocation of food between girls and boys. Encourage young people to actively participate in the production, processing and eating of nutritious foods.

Responsibility for Implementation Ministries and Departments, NYCOM, CHAM, FBOs, Development Partners, Private Sector, Communities MoLSW, Assemblies, Police, Communities Ministries and Departments, Youth Organisations, NGOs, FBOs, Private sector, families.

Time Frame Continuously

Continuously Continuously

Ministries and Departments, Youth Organisations, NGOs, FBOs, Private sector, families

Continuously

Ministries and Departments, NGOs, FBOs, Private Sector, Youth Organisations families and communities, Ministries and Departments, NGOs, FBOs, Families and Communities. Ministries and Departments, NGOs, FBOs, Youth Organisations communities,

Continuously

Continuously Continuously

24

Specific Goal

Specific Objectives

Strategy Provide nutrition education in general and in the context of HIV and AIDS. Strategy Support young people to participate in cultural, recreation and sporting activities Mobilize the private sector, public sector, FBOs, NGOs, local authorities to support participation of young people in sports and recreation activities Sensitise young people on the importance of sports in relation to health. Mobilize all stakeholders to support all sports disciplines not only football.

Specific Goal

Specific Objectives

POLICY AREA 4: Social Services, Recreation and Culture Enhance the well-being of To increase the proportion of young people the youths participating in physical exercises, sports, and recreation activities.

Responsibility for Implementation Ministries and Departments, NYCOM, FBOs, Development Partners, Communities Responsibility for Implementation Ministries and Departments, Youth Organisations, Development Partners, FBOs, NGOs, Communities MoYDS, NYCOM

Time Frame Continuously Time Frame Continuously

Continuously

Ministries and Departments, Youth Organisations, FBOs, NGOs, Communities. MoYDS, National Council of Sports, NYCOM and Youth Organisations Ministries and Departments, Youth Organisations, FBOs, NGOs, Ministries and Departments, Private Sector, Youth Organisations, FBOs, NGOs and Families

Continuously

Continuously

To increase youth participation and appreciation of cultural activities

Mobilise young people to embrace and preserve culture for posterity Support young people to participate in cultural activities

Continuously Continuously

25

Specific Goal

Specific Objectives

Strategy Mobilise the private sector, public sector, FBOs, NGOs, local authorities to support participation of young people in cultural activities. Sensitise youths and all stakeholders on the harmful cultural beliefs and practices

Responsibility for Implementation MoYDS and NYCOM

Time Frame Continuously

Ministries and Departments, Youth Organisations, FBOs, NGOs and Families Responsibility for Implementation MoYDS, NGOs, FBOs, Companies, development partners and donors MoYDS, NYOM, NGOs, FBOs, Companies, development partners and donors MoYDS, NYOM, NGOs, FBOs, Companies, development partners and donors MoYDS, NYOM, NGOs, FBOs, Companies, development partners and donors

Continuously

Specific Goal

Specific Objectives

Strategy Facilitate the establishment of youth clubs, youth centres and youth net works Facilitate the growth and development of youth clubs to youth organizations. Equip leaders of youth clubs, youth organizations, youth centres and youth networks with leadership and management skills Develop and provide a minimum standard package to youth clubs, youth organizations, youth centres and youth networks.

Time Frame Continuously

POLICY AREA 5: Youth Participation and Leadership To increase the contribution of Increase proportion of youth youths to the growth and participating in personal, development of the country community and national development

Continuously

Continuously

Continuously

26

Specific Goal

Specific Objectives

Strategy Sensitise all stakeholders including youths, parents, community leaders and development organizations on the importance of youth clubs and organizations. Promote awards for outstanding contributions by the youth participation structures and individuals Advocate for inclusion of youth in decision making bodies at all levels such as Village Development Committees, Area Development Committees and District Assemblies. Support adults to provide guidance and support youth participating structures

Responsibility for Implementation MoYDS, NYOM, NGOs, FBOs, Companies, development partners and donors

Time Frame Continuously

MoYDS, NYOM, NGOs, FBOs, Companies, development partners and donors MoYDS, NYOM, NGOs, FBOs, Companies, development partners and donors

Continuously

Continuously

MoYDS, NYOM, NGOs, FBOs, Companies, development partners and donors

Continuously

Specific Goal

Specific Objectives

Strategy Promote and support Technical, vocational and entrepreneurship training facilities

POLICY AREA 6: Youth Economic Empowerment Improve socio-economic status To create a conducive environment for youth of the youth through increased employment both in formal and incomes informal sectors

Responsibility for Implementation MoYDS, MoEVT, MoL, NYOM, NGOs, FBOs, Companies, development partners and donors

Time Frame Continuously

27

Specific Goal

Specific Objectives

Strategy Promote Community-based skills training programmes for the youths including village polytechnics Establish youth multi-purpose skills training centres Promote functional literacy programs for young people;

Responsibility for Implementation MoYDS, MoEVT, MoL, NYOM, NGOs, FBOs, Companies, development partners and donors MoYDS, MoEVT, MoL, NYOM, NGOs, FBOs, Companies, development partners and donors MoWCD, MoYDS, MoEVT, MoL, NYOM, NGOs, FBOs, Companies, development partners and donors MoYDS, MoEVT, MoL, NYOM, NGOs, FBOs, Companies, development partners and donors MoYDS, NYOM, NGOs, FBOs, Companies, development partners and donors OPC, MoYDS, NYOM, NGOs, FBOs, Companies, development partners and donors MoYDS, NYOM, NGOs, FBOs, Companies, development partners and donors MoL, MoWCD, MoYDS, NYOM, NGOs, FBOs, Companies, development partners and donors

Time Frame Continuously

Continuously

Continuously

Support female youth to take up technical and science subjects. Encourage the private sector, FBOs, NGOs to participate in the provision of technical training to young people Provide special training programmes for young people with disabilities. Support a national Youth Services Programme for young people to acquire survival and development skills. Enforce equal employment opportunities for young women and young men

Continuously

Continuously

Continuously

Continuously

Continuously

28

Specific Goal

Specific Objectives

Strategy Promote rules and regulations for the informal sector to create more employment opportunities for young people. Review the mandatory retirement age in line with needs of young people and the prevailing average life expectancy Establish youth credit initiatives for deserving young people Establish and promote business advisory services for youths Enforce Child Labour Laws.

Responsibility for Implementation MoL, MoYDS, NYOM, NGOs, FBOs, Companies, development partners and donors MoJ, MoYDS, NYOM, NGOs, FBOs, Companies, development partners and donors MoYDS, MoC, NYOM, NGOs, FBOs, Companies, development partners and donors MoF, MoYDS, NYOM, NGOs, FBOs, Companies, development partners and donors MoWCD, MoYDS NYOM, NGOs, FBOs, Companies, development partners and donors

Time Frame Continuously

Continuously

Continuously

Continuously

Continuously

29

Appendix 2 : Policy Impact Monitoring and Evaluation OVERALL POLICY : To provide a framework that guides youth development and implementation of all youth programs

OVERALL POLICY OBJECTIVES: (See page 3) Specific Objective Indicator Source of Data EMIS Current Situation (baseline data) 83,841 Desired target 126,325 Key Milestones Completed school buildings 100% qualified teachers in schools Contemporary school curricula Responsibility for Implementation MoE, Universities and colleges, FBOs, Private Sector, NGOs MoE, MIE, FBOs, Private Sector MoE, TEVETA, MIE, Universities, Colleges, training institutions, FBOs Time Frame Yearly

POLICY AREA 1 : Education and Training To improve both # of complete formal education permanent school and training for buildings young people in the country # of appropriate teachers/tutors in schools and training institutions Up-to-date curricula for formal

EMIS

1:83 pupil qualified teacher ratio

All teachers and tutors

By 2010

MoE and MIE documents Curricula

Prompt review of Primary, JCE and curricula every 10 MSCE school curricula reviewed in years 1991, 1998 and 2001 respectively Standards not strictly enforced All education and training institutions adhering required standards

Continously

Minimum standards of education and training enforced

MoE Reports

Minimum standards adhered to by all institutions

MoE and MIE, ACEM, TEVETA

Continously

30

Specific Objective

Indicator # of needy pupils/students on education bursary

Source of Data Bursary records at District assemblies (education dept)

Current Situation (baseline data) Bursary schemes run by District Assemblies (education dept.)

Desired target All deserving needy pupils and students

Key Milestones Availability of bursaries All deserving pupils/students on bursary 100% enrolment and retention of girls and OVC in schools No school girl dropping out 5% applicants admitted into vocational and technical institutions Girls being admitted back into school, colleges and training institutions after child birth New institutions opened

# of girls and OVCs enrolled and retained in school

Enrolment registers/records (MoE), EMIS, MoYDS, M&E Framework Enrolment registers/records (MoE), TEVET records, MoYDS, M&E Framework MoE records and reports, EMIS, Universities and training institutions and schools records and reports. EMIS, TEVET and ACEM records

863,764 girls enrolled in 2005 24.95% dropout rate for girls in 2005 6% of the total number of prospective candidates (2006 TEVET recruitment figures for apprenticeship) No comprehensive data available

All eligible 0% dropout rate

Responsibility for Implementation Ministries and Departments, Youth Organisations, FBOs, NGO, Universities, Colleges and training institutions, Private Sector, Development Partners.\ Ministries and Departments, Youth Organisations, NGO, FBOs, , Development Partners. Ministries and Departments, TEVETA, Youth Organisations, NGOs, FBOs

Time Frame

Yearly

# of girls enrolled and retained in technical institutions

5% of the total number of prospective candidates

Yearly

# of girls going back to school colleges and training institutions after giving birth # of education and training institutions operated by FBOs, NGO and private sector

All eligible young mothers

Ministries and Departments, Universities, Colleges, Training institutions and School, NGOs, FBOs, Communities Ministries and Departments, TEVETA, FBOs, NGOs, Private Sector

Yearly

3,270 primary schools, 978 secondary schools, 134 technical and vocational institutions and 2 universities

As many

Every 2 years

31

Specific Objective

Indicator # of young people with special learning needs in schools and training institutions # of young people who dropped out of school attending functional literacy classes Indicator

Source of Data EMIS, MoD&E records, ACEM and UNIMA records, MACOHA records Ministries records, NGOs and FBOs records, Institutions records Source of Data

Current Situation (baseline data) 42,586

Desired target All school going

Key Milestones 100% enrolment and retention in schools and training institutions

No comprehensive data available

All young persons Enrolment of at that are unable to least 50% go back to school Desired target As many Key Milestones New Institutions opened

Specific Objective

POLICY AREA 2 : Science, Technology and Environment # of formal and To promote TEVET records, science, technology non-formal MoE records, and environmental institutions Institutional education and records providing science, training for young technology and people environmental training to young people # of young women TEVET, MoE, Institutional and men enrolling records in science, technology and environmental education and training

Current Situation (baseline data) n.a

Responsibility for Implementation Ministries and Departments, FBOs, Private Sector, NGOs, Universities, colleges and training institutions, Development Partners Ministries and Departments, NGOs, FBOs, Private Sector, Development partners, Communities Responsibility for Implementation Ministries Department, TEVETA, FBO, NGO, Universities, Colleges and training institutions, Development Partners

Time Frame Yearly

Yearly

Time Frame Yearly

No comprehensive data available

100% enrolment rate

100% young women and men enrolled and retained

Ministries and Departments, TEVETA, Universities, colleges and Training Institutions, NGOs, FBOs.

Yearly

32

Specific Objective

Indicator # of young women and men receiving awards for excellence in science, technology and environmental subjects yearly\ # of young women and men receiving awards for outstanding contributions in science, in science, technology and environment year

Source of Data NYCOM, MoYDS records, MoE records, Institutional records

Current Situation (baseline data) No comprehensive data available

Desired target All eligible

Key Milestones Award schemes established and operational

Responsibility for Implementation Ministries and Departments, NGOs, Private Sector, youth Organisations, development Partners

Time Frame Yearly

NYCOM, MoYDS records, MoE records, Institutional records

n.a

All eligible

Award schemes established and operational

Ministries and Departments, NGOs, Private Sector, youth Organisations, Development Partners.

Yearly

To promote general health and sexual and reproductive health of young people

# of young people abstaining from sex before marriage and faithful to their partners of those that are married. # of health facilities providing youth friendly health, and HTC services.

NYCOM, FBOs, NGOs, BSS, NAC, M&E reports,

n.a

All young people

At least 75% young persons reporting abstinence Reduce cases of unfaithfulness 100% trained Service Providers in YFHS All Health Facilities providing YFHS

NYCOM, Ministries and Departmenta, NGOs, FBOs, Communities

Continuously

All young people married couples HMIS, MoH and CHAM records, NYCOM records, NGO records, Pvt Sector Services Provider records No comprehensive data available All Health Facilities

Ministries and Departments, FBOs, Private Sector, NGOs, Development Partners

Continuously

33

Specific Objective

Indicator # of young women and men accessing contraceptives and condoms

Source of Data HMIS, BLM records, NAC, M&E reports, BSS, Pvt Sector Provider records

Current Situation Desired target (baseline data) All eligible 26,678,144 condoms distributed in 2005 (no disaggregated figure for those distributed to young people)

Key Milestones Constant and adequate supply of contraceptives and condoms to young people

Responsibility for Implementation Ministries and Departments, CHAM, NAC, Private Sector service providers, NGOs, FBOs

Time Frame Continuously

# of young people accessing SRH and HIV information in schools and clubs

MoE records, NYCOM records, MoYDS records and M&E Framework, BSS, NGO records, NAC, M&E reports MDHS MoE, NYCOM. MoYDS records, NAC, M&E reports, Institutional records NYCOM records, MoYDS records, Survey reports, MoWCD records

No comprehensive data made available

All eligible

All schools imparting information on SRH and HIV to pupils/students Youth clubs dealing with SRH and HIV/AIDS issues Total number of young people exposed to LSE in schools

Ministries and Departments, NYCOM, NGOs, NAC, FBOs

Continously

# of young people exposed to lifeskills based HIV/AIDS education

932,685 young people in schools in 2005

All in and out-ofschool young people

Ministries and Departments, FBOs, NGOs, Universities, colleges and training Institutions, Development Partners. Ministries and Departments, NYCOM, NGOs, Development Partners

Yearly

# of gender equity and equality programs targeting young people

n.a

All organizations dealing with young people

Improved gender equity and equality amongst and for young people

Yearly

34

Specific Objective

Indicator # of young people engaged in smoking and alcohol and drug abuse. # of underage marriage and child bearing cases.

Source of Data Survey reports, MoH reports

Current Situation (baseline data) n.a

Desired target Zero

Key Milestones Declining trend from previous records

Responsibility for Implementation Ministries and Departments, NYCOM (HEU), Police Dept. Development Partners Ministries and Departments, FBOs, NGOs, youth Organisations, Development Partners, Families and communities

Time Frame Yearly

Survey reports

n.a

Zero

Reduced cases of underage marriage and child-bearing cases Assemblies and Institutions as well as organizations enforcing bylaws and regulations Key Milestones Increased youth clubs Cultural, reaction and reporting activities introduced in school youth clubs

Every 2 years

Availability of regulations and bylaws restricting tobacco alcohol and drug abuse amongst young people. Specific Objective Indicator

By-laws institutional and organizational regulations

n.a

Total ban

City, town and District By end 2008 assemblies, education and training institutions, NYCOM, Ministries and Departments

Source of Data

POLICY AREA 4: Social Services, Recreation and Culture To promote * of young people NYCoM and physical exercises, actively MoYCS records, sports, cultural, participation in NGOs and FBOs appreciat ion and culture, recreation records recreation and sporting activities.

Current Situation (baseline data) n.a

Desired target All young people

Responsibility for Implementation Ministries and Departments, NYCoM, NGOs, FBOs, Development partners

Time Frame Yearly

35

Specific Objective

Indicator * of organizations in the public, and private sector, NGO and FBOs supporting programmers to encourage young peoples participation culture, reaction and sporting activities

Source of Data MoYSC and NYCoM records

Current Situation (baseline data) n.a

Desired target At least 75% of young people participating in supported programmers

Key Milestones Supported programmers

Responsibility for Implementation Ministries and Departments, NYCoM, FBOs, NGOs, Private Sector, Development partners

Time Frame Continuously

Specific Objective

Indicator

Source of Data

POLICY AREA 5: Youth Participation and leadership # of registered and NYCoM records Increase MoYSC records, participation of active youth clubs Survey reports youth in personal, Community and national development # of functional NYCoM records MoYDS records, youth centers Survey reports

Current Situation (baseline data) Data not readily available

Desired target At least one in each VDC

Key Milestones Each youth club adequately serving youths in its catchment area All youth centers providing standard package of services to youths Capacity of NYCoM strengthened

Responsibility for Implementation MoYDS NYCoM

Time Frame Continuously

50

Every TA and Township to have a functional youth center At least one In every TA and Township

NYCoM, MoYDS, FBOs, Youth Organizations and clubs

Continuously

% of youth registered as youth organizations

NYCoM records, survey, records

100

NYCoM, MoYDS, Youth Led Organizations and clubs

Continuously

36

Specific Objective

Indicator % of youths by age and gender active participating youth and community development activities. % of Traditional Authorities (TAs)and districts with functional youth networks Available of functional national Youth Network % of youth clubs, youth organizations, youth centres and youth networks equipped with leadership and management No. of awards schemes for youth participation structures established

Source of Data NYCoM records MoYSC records Survey reports

Current Situation (baseline data) Data not readily available

Desired target All youths regardless of their age, gender and social status

Key Milestones At least 50%of youths

Responsibility for Implementation NYCoM MoYDS

Time Frame Continuously

MoYSC records, NYCoM records Survey reports

Data not readily available

All TAs ( 100% ) With functional youth networks

At least 30% increase of functional youth networks per year Terms of Reference developed Leaders of youth participation structures trained annually

NYCoM, MoYDS and Development partners

Continuously

MoYSC records, Survey reports

None

One functional National Youth Network All youth participation structure equipped with leadership and management skills

NYCoM, MoYDS and Development partners

Continuously

MoYDS records, NYCOM records Survey reports

Data not readily available

NYCOM, MoYSD and Development Partners

Continously

MoYDS records, NYCOM records Survey report

One (national)

One national 28 (One per district)

20% of districts establishing award schemes per year

MoYDS, NYCOM, Development Partners, NGOs, and Private Sector

Continuously

37

Specific Objective

Indicator % of development bodies with youth representation

Source of Data District assemblies records

Current Situation (baseline data) Data not readily available

Desired target All development bodies with active youth representation At least 70%

Key Milestones Terms of References for development bodies revised to include youth representation Youth Club Patrons and Matrons, board Members trained in their roles Key Milestones Equal employment opportunities in organizations New jobs created annually

Responsibility for Implementation MoYDS, MoLGRD, NYCOM and District and City Assemblies

Time Frame Continuously

Specific Objective

% of participation structures reporting receiving adequate guidance and support from adults. Indicator

Survey Records

DNA

MoYDS, NYCOM, Development Partners and NGOs Responsibility for Implementation Ministries and Departments, FBOs, NGOs, Private Sector. Ministries and Departments TEVETA,Private Sector, NGOs, FBOs, Ministries and Departments, Youth Organisations Ministries and Departments, FBOs, NGOs, Private Sector, Development Partners

Continuously

Source of Data

POLICY AREA 6 : Youth Economic Empowerment # of organizations To create a MoLSW conducive enforcing equal records,TEVET environment for records, Survey employment rules youth employment and regulations reports in both formal and # of new TEVET records, informal sectors employment MoLSW records, employment opportunities created in the studies, MoYDS, informal sector M&E Framework every year Approved age of DHRMD (OPC) mandatory regulations. retirement # of youth credit initiatives operational in the country NYCOM data, data from FBOs, Pvt. Sector, UN Agencies data

Current Situation (baseline data) n.a

Desired target All organizations enforcing regulations At least 75% of school leavers and graduates Employed annually 55 years

Time Frame 2010

n.a

Annually

60 years

n.a

All deserving young people accessing loans

Downward revision of the mandatory retirement age Over 75% of eligible youth accessing loans

By end 2007

Yearly

38

Specific Objective

Indicator No. of community based youth multipurpose skills training centres established No. of private sector institutions, FBOs, NGOs participating in the provision of technical training to young people

Source of Data MoEVT Records MoYDS Records

Current Situation (baseline data) Data not readily available

Desired target One per Traditional Authority (a total of 300)

Key Milestones At least one centre per district per year

Responsibility for Implementation MoYDS, MoEVT, MoL, NYCOM, NGOs, FBOs, Companies, development partners

Time Frame Continuously

MoEVT Records MoYDS Records

Data not readily available

All institutions

At least 50%

MoYDS, , MoEVT, MoL, Continously NYCOM, NGOs, FBOs,Companies, development partners

No. of youths MoEVT Records trained in vocational MoYDS Records skills

Data not readily available

All deserving youths At least 50,000 per year

MoYDS, , MoEVT, MoL, Continously NYCOM, NGOs, FBOs, Companies, development partners

No.of youths equipped with entrepreneurship and business management skills

Survey reports MoYDS Records

Data not readily available

All deserving youths At least 30,000 per year

MoYDS, , MoEVT, MoL, Continously NYCOM, NGOs, FBOs, Companies, development partners

39

Specific Objective

Indicator No. of youths provided with business capital No. of youths running their own businesses successfully

Source of Data MoYDS Records

Current Situation (baseline data) Data not readily available Data not readily available

Desired target

Key Milestones

All deserving youths At least 30,000 per year All youths provided with business capital At least half of the loan beneficiaries

Survey reports

Responsibility for Time Frame Implementation MoYDS, , MoEVT, MoL, Continously NYCOM, NGOs, FBOs, Companies, development partners MoYDS, , MoEVT, MoL, Continously NYCOM, NGOs, FBOs, Companies, development partners

40