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By
Ch.Ambika(06761A0201)
&
Md.Shaheda Parvin(06761A0238)
e-mail
anub4 u2 0 0 4 _ 1 8 @yahoo. co. in(9 9 8 5 8 8 3 7 0 3 )
Abstract :
"The extraction, conversion, and utilization of energy is the single largest component of
air and water pollution, as well as emissions causing the change of our global climate."
The fossil fuels are being steadily depleted, and they cannot be replaced on any time scale of
human civilizations. While the lifetime of oil and gas may exist through the first half of this century .So a
quest for sustainable alternative must happen well before the physical or economic depletion. This
lead to the utilization of non-conventional energy sources which are eco-friendly.
# This paper deals with solar energy, its production , its advantages over
conventional energy sources , applications: Working of solar chimney ‘s(existing,
latest and the future project.)
Solar energy is not an “alternative energy”. It is the original and continuing primary energy
source. This is non-polluting, inexhaustible, operates in stable harmony with the Earth’s physical
and ecological systems, create jobs and new industries out of expenditures that previously had gone to
purchase fuels , contribute to physical and economic self-sufficiency of nations ,and are available to both
developed and developing nations, and cannot be used to make weapons i.e, its always an positive
approach….
Solar energy is converted into electrical energy by means of a turbine. Heat from the sun is used
to heat air and hence to run a turbine. This concept leads to the unbelievable invention named ‘The solar
chimney’.
Introduction :
Non-conventional energy resources are defined as those resources which cannot be depleted
at any point of time and henceforth are called the renewables.
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emissions.
# The use of solar energy is a ever-lasting market.
# Every process involving production of power has carbon dioxide as an unavoidable
waste product . But here there is no combustion and no carbon.
Disadvantages:
# The disadvantage is initial high capital investment.
# On cloudy days it will not be possible to generate solar energy.
# Efficiency is only 20% while that in conventional is 60%-70%.
Towards its center, the roof curves upward to join the chimney, creating a funnel. It is a massive
arrangement and hence can be setup in places where large areas are available. This massive structure has no
name resemblance with the chimneys in our kitchens or in local industries. We are dealing with something
beyond the present imagination.
Due to a large base coverage area of several square kilometers, the air flow built up over that area
concentrating in the one place -- the chimney -- would produce some pretty powerful wind flows -- enough
to run a number of major cities. Thermodynamic modelling has predicted that a 200MW plant is feasible in
engineering terms. Recent discussions have centered around heat storage using water tubes, permitting
energy generation for several hours after sunset.
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The basic concept is that when air is heated, it tends to go up in the atmosphere since its
specific volume increases. The sun heats up the ground (usually black surface) and the air underneath the
collector roof, and the heated air follows the upward incline of the roof until it reaches the chimney. There,
it flows at high speed through the chimney and drives wind generators at its bottom.
The ground under the collector roof behaves as a storage medium, and can even heat up the air for a
significant time after sunset. This unique chimney is also helpful for green house effect. The large area
under the double glazed cover can be utilized for vegetation purpose on basis of green house effect. Thus
the area is not wasted and as well as, the energy, derived. Thus, finally after knowing all the information
regarding the chimney it is found that the efficiency of the solar chimney power plant is below 2%-3%
only and depends mainly on the height of the tower.
majority of solar input is lost in the simple expansion of air before it reaches the turbine. None of this is
surrendered to the turbine.
Use in India:
A tropical country like India can potentially generate 200MW power and this can be of great
importance when utilized properly.
Conclusion:
Really a boon to the growing world. Let us ‘invest’ on the chimney and enjoy the everlasting
‘interest’ with actually no ‘capital’.
Hence we conclude that solar energy is one of the eco-friendly energy resource that cannot be
depleted and is one of the best substitute for fuels from hydrocarbons that was prevailing till recent years.
We hope that this paper will create an awareness of the depleting energy resources and bring out the
necessity of usage of solar energy through the developing technologies like solar chimney’s or tower’s.
References:
(1) www.ecotopia.com
(2)www.wikipedia.com
Bibiliography:
(1)”Renewable energy sources”-John Twindell and Joney Weir.
(2)”Non-conventional energy sources”-G.D.Rai.