ABB Rev. A INDUSTRIA 95.06.14 1.

General

VCRR - Voltage regulator card, remote,rheostatic, V/Hz transducer Date

The card has the following functions: supplying a control signal proportional to the excitation voltage necessary to keep the synchronous machine at the voltage rated value which has been previously preset. generating the voltage static reference. This signal can be reached from remote, local UP/DOWN controls or thanks to a computer signal. measuring the V/Hz ratio that indicates the magnetic induction value. 2. Voltage regulator

As mentioned above, this card section must supply a control signal to the impulse generator card. The ratio between excitation voltage and control signal is a constant, which is worth Vceiling/10V. When the control signal is worth +10V, if the voltage which supplies the rectifier bridge or the chopper is greater or equal to the voltage value for which the ceiling is guaranteed, then the excitation voltage EFD goes exactly to the +Vceiling value. If the control value to the pulse generator is worth -8V, and the working conditions remain within the above mentioned range, then the excitation voltage goes to the EFD = -0.8 x Vceiling value. In case excitation is completely static, the regulator features a type and model structure as described in Fig. 1. In case the machine is of the Brushless type, the regulator structure may be represented by the model in Fig. 2.

ABB Rev. A INDUSTRIA 95.06.14

VCRR - Voltage regulator card, remote,rheostatic, V/Hz transducer Date

Fig. 1

ABB Rev. A INDUSTRIA 95.06.14

VCRR - Voltage regulator card, remote,rheostatic, V/Hz transducer Date

Proper potentiometers allow for an easy setting of the parameters which characterize the behaviour of the regulator.

ABB Rev. A INDUSTRIA 95.06.14

VCRR - Voltage regulator card, remote,rheostatic, V/Hz transducer Date

ABB Rev. A INDUSTRIA 95.06.14

VCRR - Voltage regulator card, remote,rheostatic, V/Hz transducer Date

2.1. Description of the regulator operation (Block 1) The Block Diagram in Fig. 3 represents the internal structure of the electronic circuit. Blocks B1.3, B1.4 form the central part of the regulator. Block B1.2 (adding point) receives the error signal Verr from Block B1.1, the reaction of block B1.4 amplified by B1.5 and an alignment signal between Master and Slave regulators coming from B1.8. RIFAUT and VM signals are applied to block B1.1. This also receives the limit signals coming from proper limit devices of which the regulator is supplied. Blocks B1.9 and B1.10 are normally used to obtain a troublefree passage between current and voltage regulation when the machine is started up with constant excitation current. Block B1.6 receives this signal which is adapted through B1.11 and B1.12 and sent to the impulse generator card GPG. Block B1.14 with the subsequent jumper J3 on position 0-1 allows to use this regulator also in exciters of the Brushless type. In this case, the output signal from B1.15 which is proportional to EFD voltage is replaced by the output signal from B1.14, which is also proportional to EFD, as it represents the excitation current of the Brushless exciter. Blocks B1.7 and B1.8, supplied with jumper J5, are used to align automatic and manual regulation, or else two automatic regulators. Blocks B1.11 and B1.12 are used to transmit the control signal differentially. Block B1.15 makes up the CEILING AUT signal when the output of B1.6 goes to +Kc or else to -Kc. Settings and prearrangements of all parameters of the voltage regulator are carried out by means of trimmers placed on a proper removable card. The parameters which can be set are as follows: - pu = 0.003 5 - Ta = Ka x 10 sec. = 330 - 10000 = 1/pu - Ka - Kf = Tf / Kp - Kp = 10 120 - Tf = 0.86 5.16 sec - Kb = 0.5 1 (Brushless) - Kc = 0.24 1 (ceiling setting)

ABB Rev. A INDUSTRIA 95.06.14 3.

VCRR - Voltage regulator card, remote,rheostatic, V/Hz transducer Date

Voltage static reference (Block B2)

The aim is to supply the regulator with the voltage reference to be compared with the machine feedback. The output reference is an analog-analog signal ranging between 0V and 11V. The reference output is divided into two fields: the first field, where the minimum threshold or minimum reference value to which the regulator is set at starting is determined; the second field, where the same is determined between a minimum and a maximum reference. Also the times used are different. The first section is carried out automatically by means of a scale which can be set, the second one is carried out only by means of UP/DOWN controls. The UP/DOWN slope is 18sec/volt or 10sec/volt (slow/fast energizing). The minimum threshold slope is approx. 0.6 sec/volt (slow/fast slope). For operation, please refer to block diagram on fig. 4. Until START (exciter on) remains on zero, a preset signal is sent to counter B2.10 or else a reset signal is sent (value 0) if MTR signal is absent or present (slow energizing). When START goes to 1, the preset signal is removed, and counter B2.10 remains on the minimum reference value (set in B11 from jumper to back panel), or else it increases its content from 0 to the slope minimum reference, depending on MTR being absent or present. In case MTR is present, the slope can take 5 or 50 sec. (at discretion) to reach the MIN REF = 80%. If during starting up the MTR signal is sent to zero, the slope stops. Once the MIN REF value is reached, B2.12 comparator issues the SVO signal (SET VALUE OBTAINED) and therefore the minimum reference. This signal locks slope on block B2.3 and enables the UP/DOWN controls (B2.4-5). The second section of the mains energizing is carried out by means of these controls. When block B2.13 checks that the word B (B0-B9) is on the maximum (B0-B9 at 1 logic) the FC MAX signal is issued, in order to warn that the maximum reference has been reached. Block B2.14 must convert the digital signal (word B) into an analog signal to be sent to the regulator. The output RIFAUT signal must be set so as to obtain 11V output with the maximum digital signal.

ABB Rev. A INDUSTRIA 95.06.14

VCRR - Voltage regulator card, remote,rheostatic, V/Hz transducer Date

RAMPA = SLOPE CONTATORE = COUNTER AUM (aumenta) = UP DIM (diminuisce) = DOWN

ABB Rev. A INDUSTRIA 95.06.14

VCRR - Voltage regulator card, remote,rheostatic, V/Hz transducer Date

3.2 Static reference with remote control. It is possible to set the voltage static reference by means of a signal in mAeriving from DCS or computer. The current signal is converted in a voltage value comparable with the reference inside the card. For example, with an input signal with 4-20mA range, a variable reference range, for example 70110% or 80-100% can be set. With a trimmer to the back panel, it is possible to set the starting reference range while with the inner trimmer P1A, the minimum and the maximum reference range desired can be set. The set reference range is compared with the inner reference one creating an error signal acting on UP/DOWN controls of the rheostatic aligning the the two signals. However, the range is limited by the minimum and maximum values of the rheostatic, which cannot be overcome. This operation is possible if DCS (DCSON) controls are active, if the regulator is in automatic and Master. In case of input signal 4-20mA failure the regulator positions on the inner rheostatic signal and the pushbuttons controls become active. In addition, it is available a 4-20mA signal to visualize the active static reference. 4. V/Hz Transducer Measurement of V/Hz ratio indicates the magnetic induction value with which the machine operates. Exceeding the rated value of such a ratio means exceeding the rated value of magnetic induction in the machine iron. This ratio is sent to a limit device. The overflow condition may occur both when the machine is connected to an insulated mains and when it is idle. The presence of the voltage regulation would lead the exciter to increase the field current in order to obtain a standard voltage, and therefore to increase the machine flow every time the operating frequency may decrease, as no fixed ratio between voltage and frequency is present.

ABB Rev. A INDUSTRIA 95.06.14

VCRR - Voltage regulator card, remote,rheostatic, V/Hz transducer Date

ABB Rev. A INDUSTRIA 95.06.14

VCRR - Voltage regulator card, remote,rheostatic, V/Hz transducer Date

4.1. Description of operation (Block B3) The block diagram in Fig. 5 represents the inside structure of the transduction circuit. From VRS and VTS, voltages, which are worth 5.26 Veff at rated voltage, VST and VTR voltages are obtained. The three voltages VRS, VST, VTR are applied to the three equal blocks B3.2. The latter integrate the three voltages, which have 120 lagging between them, thus making the three sinusoids obtained to be shifted upwards, so that the minimum of each sinusoid coincides with the reference zero. The result of the above operation is that the mixture of the three voltages V1, V2, V3 is equal to the maximum value of the functions: 96 x (VRS 2) sentdt = 96 2VRS (-cost) (1/) that is, since = 100 , when f = 50 Hz we have: (0.96 2/ ) VRS / (f / 50 Hz) = (0.43 x 5.26) x (VM/VRATED) -----------(f / 50Hz)

which corresponds to the V/Hz ratio. To this mean value the corresponding sinusoid is overlaid, as shown in the figure below.

ABB Rev. A INDUSTRIA 95.06.14

VCRR - Voltage regulator card, remote,rheostatic, V/Hz transducer Date

If the three voltages V1, V2, V3 are summed up moment by moment, the alternate components are cancelled up, since the sum of three sinusoids with 120 lagging is zero. Thus the continuous value is the sum of the three mean values of V1, V2, V3 and therefore it represents, leaving aside the multiplication constant, the V/Hz ratio required. The circuit under examination must also supply the lock signal in case the turbine slows down until it almost stops (approx. 40% of rated speed) with excited machine and flow limitation activated. In this situation the machine voltage decreases and the excitation current is kept at the corresponding rated flow value in actual load conditions. We must also consider that V/Hz limitation always occurs when bypassing the voltage regulator, otherwise it would have a smaller effect due to the saturation of the limit signal (3040% of Vmrated). In V/Hz limitation the magnetic induction remains constant while voltage decreases along with speed, so that, when the alternator rotation speed is 20% of the rated speed, we have a VM voltage of 20% of the rated voltage (2V). According to the setting of SE MIN.FREQ potentiometer, we have a different intervention threshold of the lock signal for minimum frequency. If =1 such threshold is 42.5%. With VM lower than this value, B3.9 memory trips with a consequent impulse at zero of the monostable B3.10 which, with the exciter on, makes the transistor open for the minimum frequency lock control. With the machine de-energized, slowing down of the group does not cause alarm or lock. At starting up, the V/Hz limitation is excluded until the machine voltage exceeds the value of 60.7% (with =1). Re-switching on occurs through the block B3.7 witch restores B3.9 thus allowing B3.4 to resume its normal function.

ABB Rev. A INDUSTRIA 95.06.14

VCRR - Voltage regulator card, remote,rheostatic, V/Hz transducer Date

ABB Rev. A INDUSTRIA 95.06.14 5.

VCRR - Voltage regulator card, remote,rheostatic, V/Hz transducer Date

Interconnections

5.1 Analog inputs +IEXC excitation card or from the effect. (H18A) Signal proportional to the

current coming from PVC transducer Hall

VM voltage voltage. VM voltage with rated voltage. PSS PSS

(L1B)

-10V/1pu

Feedback of the machine with value -10Vdc to rated

(L16B)

+10V/1pu

Feedback of the machine value +10Vdc to

(L1A)

0 10Vdc

Stabilizing signal coming from card.

COMPOUND from

(L2B)

0 +/-3Vdc

Compound

signal

coming

PVC or PLT card. UL+ PLT card for (L3A) 0 +3Vdc Signal coming from GLA or underexcitation limit. LClimit. * testing. (L4B) 0 -3Vdc As above, for overexcitation

(L2A) (L3B)

Pin available Input for signals during

MANREG IN (-) (L4A) coming from potentiometric manual from RCI card. LIMV/Hz COS/VHL (L16A)

Input of manual control signal H22B, in case of control, or

Signal coming from RCOS or card for V/Hz limit.

ABB Rev. A INDUSTRIA 95.06.14 ERRAUTMAN from RCI alignement. VRS needed for VTS

VCRR - Voltage regulator card, remote,rheostatic, V/Hz transducer Date

(L7A)

Aut/man error signal coming card for regulators

(L11A) (L11B)

0 5.3V

Signals

of

line

voltages

V/Hz transduction. 4-20mA signal inputs for

+REF (H4A) computer control. - REF (H5A)

ABB Rev. A INDUSTRIA 95.06.14

VCRR - Voltage regulator card, remote,rheostatic, V/Hz transducer Date

5.2. Logic Inputs I=K1 constant I=K2 constant AZZ VC (L5A) Signal on 1 for first level current operation. Signal on 1 for second level current operation. Signal on 0 for keeping the impulses at 90, in

(L17A)

(L8A)

concomitance with the overcoming of the maximum current threshold coming from GLA card. AUT/MAN coming (L9B) AUT or MAN operation signal from jumper to back panel. AUT/MAN UPAUT Up and DOWN AUT tracking card. MTR for value starting from a preset value. MTR=1 reference value starting from 0V and slope rise up to the preset value. START control. (H3B) Signal on 1 for excitation (H1A) (H1B) (H2B) As above. Signals on 1 coming from Down pushbuttons or from

(H2A)

0-15V

It selects the operation mode energizing. MTR=0: reference

RAMPAV (H14B) with outside +15V two pins. MTRV (H13B) increased with +15V between the two pins.

(H14A)

The slope can be increased jumper between the

(H13A)

The net energizing can be outside jumper

ABB Rev. A INDUSTRIA 95.06.14 A9 selected by A8 the relevant A7 back panel. A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 +15V DCSON controls.

VCRR - Voltage regulator card, remote,rheostatic, V/Hz transducer Date

(H11A) (H11B) (H8A) (H22A) (H7A) (H7B) (H9A) (H9B) (H10A) (H10B) (H12A) (9B)

The preset value can be means of the connection of jumpers to

Signal on 1 for computer

M/S (H12B) Double Automatic

Master/Slave

signal control.

for

5.3. Analog Outputs +ZV voltmeter -ZV (L19A) (L18A) Signal for the synchronizing to be used in the AUT/MAN potentiometric version or passing from

AUT1/AUT2 for manual during test to automatic control. +GPGAUT the -GPGAUT the Chopper. MANREG outside OUT (-) potentiometric +GPG* by chopper signals without PLT card. (L12A) (L12B) 0 +10Vdc 0 -10Vdc

Control signal to GPG card of AUTOMATIC channel or to

(H22B)

Manual control signal sent to jumper in the Aut/man version.

(H21A)

Automatic control signal used to separate control passing on

ABB Rev. A INDUSTRIA 95.06.14

VCRR - Voltage regulator card, remote,rheostatic, V/Hz transducer Date

STAB COS/VHL AUTREF

(L6A)

+10Vdc 011Vdc

Signal to be sent to RCOS or card for V/Hz limit. Voltage reference value of the automatic channel.

(L5B)

ABB Rev. A INDUSTRIA 95.06.14 AUTREF+ AUTREFDREF+ outlet for DREFrequested REFT+ signal. REFTT+ instrument. R+ reference with

VCRR - Voltage regulator card, remote,rheostatic, V/Hz transducer Date

(L18B) (L17B) (L14B)

4-20mA

Signal in mA for instrument.

Synchronizing

voltmeter

difference of reference value and set. (L6B) (L8B) (L7B) Setting offset reference Setting of reference mA

(H8B)

Setting

for

minimum

4-20mA signal from DCS. V/Hz COS/VHL card intervention. (L10B) 0 6.34Vdc Signal used on RCOS or for limit

5.4 Logic Outputs CEILING (L13A) signal to the or to the minimum SVO LSMAX AUT of switch LSMIN AUT reference. MINIMUM normally BLOCK FREQUENCY ___________ DCSFAULT1 DCS: (H3A) (H6A) Signal on 1 with control maximum positive negative. Signal of reaching of preset value. Signal on 0 upon reaching maximum and minimum limit (H6B) of the automatic static

(H17B)

Logic

signals

to

collector

open at 0. (H10B) (L19B) Signal of control fault from

ABB Rev. A INDUSTRIA 95.06.14

VCRR - Voltage regulator card, remote,rheostatic, V/Hz transducer Date

signal<3mA disconnection).

(wire

ABB Rev. A INDUSTRIA 95.06.14

VCRR - Voltage regulator card, remote,rheostatic, V/Hz transducer Date

5.5 Potentiometers on extractable card. The trimmers described below are used to set the voltage regulator. They are placed on a card that may be extracted in case of card replacement without having to carry out a further setting. P1 the Kp 500 K It allows for setting the dynamic gain of regulator constant Tf. In the block diagram the dynamic gain corresponds to the Tf/Kf ratio. Kf coefficient may be obtained as Kf = Tf/Kp. P2 pu obtained from 330 to 10-5 sec. P3 the Kc 10 K 100 K Setting of parameter Ka. The value is as follows: Ka = 1/epu. Ka may range 10000. Setting of Ka also determines Ta = Ka x without affecting time

It allows for setting the output stage of regulator. The range varies from 2.4 to 10. Since K = Vceiling/Vmagnetic gap, in

condition of Vexc. to the magnetic gap on TP16L we must obtain 10/K voltage. P4 systems when we cannot choose the bridge supply voltage. P5 without Tf 500 K It allows for setting the time constant Tf changing the dynamic gain of the regulator. The range varies from 0.86 to 5.16 secs. P6 Iexc/p.u. manual 10 K It is used for setting the potentiometric KB 10 K In normal conditions everything is ON (clockwise). It is used with brushless

ABB Rev. A INDUSTRIA 95.06.14

VCRR - Voltage regulator card, remote,rheostatic, V/Hz transducer Date

control. On TP12R we must have 1.9Vdc to rated current. P7 1p.u./Ie must have 4 V are acceptable. 10 K Signal used in brushless systems: we 1 V on TP13R. Values between 0.8 and

ABB Rev. A INDUSTRIA 95.06.14

VCRR - Voltage regulator card, remote,rheostatic, V/Hz transducer Date

5.6 Internal Jumpers J1 the 0-1 0-2 J2 of OA20. ON OFF J3 0-1 0-2 0-1 0-2 Connection of mimimum Reference at starting of automatic channel. Normally connected. Disconnection of the previous function. The condenser value increases on the reaction Normal condition: only C1 is connected. Regulation according to Brushless exciters. Statics regulation. For 60Hz operation. For 50Hz operation (or else the jumper may be absent). Filter exclusion on the V/Hz signal. Normal position with function on. Exclusion of Stab. signal. Connection of Stab signal (to be used when PSS

J4 simply J7

0-1 0-2 0-1 0-2

J8 is present). J9 available.

0-1

The synchronizing voltmeter output is always This can be used in all versions except for one. To be connected in Double Automatic to send channel signal to the instrument. +GPG* signal is always available. +GPG* signal is available in automatic only. Aut/Man error in synchronizing voltmeter version. In Aut/Man with tracking and Double Automatic. Exclusion TF function independently from Slave Exclusion of T F in Slave. Limit signal with Minus input (static). Integrator proportional input (to be used on

Double Automatic 0-2 the master J10 0-1 0-2 ON OFF 0-1 0-2 J13 Brushless). J14 This can be ON 0-1 0-2

J11

J12 condition.

Enabling of DVCON signal to voltage regulator. connected in Aut/Man.

ABB Rev. A INDUSTRIA 95.06.14

VCRR - Voltage regulator card, remote,rheostatic, V/Hz transducer Date

OFF signal. J15 0-1 the outside. with V/Hz limit. 0-2 J16 0mA. ON OFF

Disconnection of the sending of the previous

Sending of the Lock and Minimum frequency to To be used when Cos is connected Disconnection of Lock signal. AUTREF instrument current with minimum value Setting of minimum value.

ABB Rev. A INDUSTRIA 95.06.14 5.7. Test points TP11L TP11R TP12L used with

VCRR - Voltage regulator card, remote,rheostatic, V/Hz transducer Date

VRSG VTRG MANREF

Machine voltage for V/Hz function. Machine voltage for V/Hz function. Setting of potentiometric reference. It is also to determine the current level for applications constant start-up current.

TP12R current. It is

+IEXC

Setting

of

Manual

potentiometric

excitation

worth 1.9V at IEN. TP13L TP13R TP14L TP14R TP15L TP15R TP16L and KB. TP16R TP17L COS/VHL TP17R TP18L TP18R TP20L TP20R AUTREF VM SC VTSG V/Hz GPGAUTControl voltage to GPG automatic channel. DCS REF DVCON Static reference with computer control. Error voltage Aut/Man.

GPGAUTControl voltage to GPG automatic channel. _ VM Test point for voltage machine. INREF Computer signal value for static reference. Control voltage before partition carried out by Kc Output of the regulator error amplifier. Signal proportional to V/Hz ratio sent to RCOS or card. Control voltage. Static reference of the automatic channel. Machine voltage feedback. OV reference. Machine voltage for V/Hz function.