What is Hospitality Management?

Hospitality management is the academic study of the hospitality industry. A degree in Hospitality management is often conferred from either a university college dedicated to the studies of hospitality management or a business school with a department in hospitality management studies. Degrees in hospitality management may also be referred to as hotel management, hotel and tourism management, or hotel administration. Degrees conferred in this academic field include Bachelor of Arts, Bachelor of Business Administration, Bachelor of Science, Master of Science, Master of Business Administration, and Doctor of Philosophy. Hospitality management studies provides a focus on management of hospitality operations including hotels, restaurants, cruise ships, amusement parks, destination marketing organizations, convention centers, country clubs, and related industries. Hospitality management is part of the service industryan industry that brings in more money and creates more jobs than any other. Business majors who have obtained a hospitality management degree, diploma, or certificate should have no problem securing a management position in this growing field.

What Are Hospitality Management Jobs?

Definition: Jobs or professions that extend hospitality to the customer. Examples include hotels, restaurants, casinos, tourism, museaums & galleries, parks and fairs, and so on. The distinctive feature is catering services to other people so that they would feel more welcome - wherever the service is rendered. Thus, the core task is to be hospitable and accommodating to those you are serving. Even though this definition seems simple, it does not refer to just one specific job or activity. There are many ways to be hospitable and make someone feel at home. This is why there are numerous different fields of opportunity available under the general heading of "hospitality management". The Crew In the field of hospitality, some workers serve the client face to face, but others do not. Many hospitality sector jobs entail work behind the scenes in the backstage arena - such as chefs, planners and other positions that involve planning and preparations. Positions with more direct exposure to customers are typically those which involve upfront services such as receptionists, waiters, waitresses, concierge, park administrators, and casino personnel.

The Working Environment There is a vast range of options regarding where you might work in Hospitality.

For instance, restaurants and cafes could be a good starting point. Alternatively, you might choose work in bed and breakfast accommodations and hotels. Casinos are also a good working environment where typically you could anticipate generous tips. Resorts and museums may also be of interest. You could even work in cruise ships and travel all over the world. Self Employment It is also possible to create your own business. This is especially relevant for specializing in the culinary arts. You could, for example, open your own restaurant, preferably after gaining practical salaried experience in several successful professional establishments. This is hard and demanding work but can be very rewarding and fulfilling. If you specialized on the tourism field, you might open your own travel agency. Compensation One advantage of this kind of career is that it can be very lucrative. Your effort is very much rewarded and reflected in your income. However, how much you earn would definitely depend greatly on your position and specialty. Some enterprises pay by the hour. Others pay annually. Tips and bonuses may add a significant variable element to your package. Education Since there are many different job positions in this kind of career, there are also differing educational requirements. For instance, some positions dont require a diploma and accept high school graduates. Typically such posts would include hotel housekeeping services, cleaners, and the like. There are other positions, however, requiring thorough specialized training. For example, chefs will be expected to achieved a degree in culinary arts. You may consider taking Hotel and Restaurant Management courses to improve your prospects. This would be a significant advantage in your favor. Tourism courses are also worthwhile. and are recommended if you want to specialize in a tourism oriented hospitality activity.

Jobs Opportunities in Hospitality Industry

The hospitality field is responsible for providing everything there is to offer in lodging, restaurants and vacation activities. As such, it is an ever growing field with many opportunities to develop and obtain management positions. With a small amount of schooling and a desire to give exemplary customer service, many people can find rewarding management careers in the hospitality industry. Lodging Lodging, such as hotels and resorts, is one of the largest employers in the hospitality management industry. There are many routes you can take within the lodging industry including guests services, housekeeping, general hotel, human resource and sales management. The size and type of lodging may determine how much experience and education is needed to obtain a management position. For example, a large well known luxury hotel chain with over 300 rooms may require at least five years of experience, and at least a Bachelor's degree. A small motel brand with less than 60 rooms may require only one or two years of experience and a high school diploma. People working in lodging management positions can expect to make approximately $26,000 to $149,465 a year, with higher salaries being reserved for hotel general managers. Spa The spa and relaxation industry is another area of hospitality where there are management opportunities. These include operations management, general spa management, as well as lead spa professional and technician jobs with supervision over other employees in the spa. A spa manager can expect to make between $33,847 and $77,527 a year. Food and Beverage Food and beverage is another large portion of the hospitality management field. Whether you choose to work in a restaurant, hotel, or catering operation, there are plenty of career paths that can lead to management roles. These include kitchen managers, restaurant managers, lead chefs, bar managers, catering supervisors and food and beverage directors for resort and hotel properties. Food and beverage managers can expect to make between $29,870 and $89,065 a year, with higher salaries being reserved for directors of food and beverage of large hotels and casinos. Travel Travel is another area with opportunities for those interested in hospitality management. Possible job titles include cruise directors, managing travel agents, youth and children activities directors, tour managers, and recreation managers. Travel industry managers can expect to make between $45,762 and $124,616 a year. Events The events planning field is another are where hospitality management opportunities exist. Event planning can involve weddings, fundraisers, company conventions, concerts, and theater production. Management opportunities can include venue managers, house manages, technical supervisors, production managers and events managers. Events management personnel can expect to make between $45,337 and $98,614 a year.

When seeking a degree in hospitality, it is import to find an institution that offers a solid curriculum: one that teaches you techniques, concepts, and various management skills while providing you with hands-on experiences so that you can be at the forefront of the industry. Looking for a program that offers you courses in hotel and restaurant management, finance, and marketing is imperative. You should also consider attending accredited institutions that offer internships and study aboard programs to give you that definitive edge.

Hotel Receptionist
A Hotel Receptionist is the one who has the responsibility to oversee the function related to dealing with guests on a daily basis. The duty includes checking in and out guests. He or she has to perform the administration tasks as well. He or she has the duty to offer valuable information regarding accommodation and services.

Housekeeper This position must provide a clean, sanitary comfortable, orderly and satisfying surroundings for the residents, employees, and public. The housekeeper promotes sanitary conditions which prevent the spread of infection and odors. She/he may be required to perform tasks, which involve exposure to visible blood contamination or reasonably anticipated blood contamination. The housekeeper must follow the required procedures for handling, cleaning, disposing, or moving of objects/materials and/or the clean-up of blood, infectious materials, or body fluids containing blood in accordance with the OSHA Blood-borne Pathogen Standard or Elmbrook Management,Companys Exposure Control Plan for Blood-born Pathogens.

Catering Services
Some caterers may specialize in a certain kind of cuisine or type of event. Others may crave the variety provided by working with a range of foods in a wide array of circumstances. Some caterers work in a one-person operation while others work for large catering companies. Your

catering duties will depend on your work environment. Although the distribution of work will vary depending on your company, a successful catering business requires the following kinds of tasks:
Food preparation Food service Cleanup Sales and marketing Catering managers plan, organise and develop the food and beverage services of organisations and businesses, whilst meeting customer expectations, food and hygiene standards and financial targets.

Supervisor Supervisor's Basic Responsibilities As a new supervisor, some of the topics you will want to familiarize yourself with may include: The current job descriptions of employees who report to you Employees payroll titles, job classifications and personnel policies or bargaining unit agreements which govern the terms and conditions of employment for those employees Previous documentation about job performance of each employee supervised Your job performance expectations of each employee How to communicate expectations and manage employee performance What employees expect from you as their supervisor

Local Travel Collect payment for transportation and accommodations from customer. Converse with customer to determine destination, mode of transportation, travel dates, financial considerations, and accommodations required. Compute cost of travel and accommodations, using calculator, computer, carrier tariff books, and hotel rate books, or quote package tour's costs. Book transportation and hotel reservations, using computer terminal or telephone. Plan, describe, arrange, and sell itinerary tour packages and promotional travel incentives offered by various travel carriers. Provide customer with brochures and publications containing travel information, such as local customs, points of interest, or foreign country regulations. Print or request transportation carrier tickets, using computer printer system or system link to travel carrier. Tour Guide Tour guides work for tour and travel guide companies, cruise lines, visitors' bureaus and hotels as seasonal workers, independent contractors or full-time employees. They may lead walking tours, driving tours or cruises through popular sites, national parks, historic neighborhoods, museums or other regional points of interest. Tour guides must be able to retain historical facts, dates and anecdotes, and then relay that information to visitors in an entertaining, informative way.

Restaurateurs Requirements: Workers usually must withstand the pressure and strain of working in close quarters, standing for hours at a time, lifting heavy pots and kettles, and working near hot ovens and grills. Job hazards include slips and falls, cuts, and burns

Maitre d, host/hostess- Takes Reservations, organizes seating, greets customers, seats customers, distributes menus. They sometimes operate the cash register. They occasionally take orders and act as a liaison between the kitchen and dining room. Manager - A Manager should be able to open and close your restaurant, purchase food and beverage inventory, open the register, track inventory, train and manage the staff, work with suppliers and manage your advertising. Chef or head cook - This person is responsible for all that goes on in the kitchen. He/she should be responsible for hiring and training other cooks, prep persons and dishwashers. They are responsible for the menu, buying supplies and equipment. At some restaurants the chef is the star attraction. The kitchen staff may include several chefs and cooks, (sometimes called assistant or apprentice chefs and cooks), a bread and pastry baker, vegetable, fry or a sauce chef. Each chef or cook usually has a special assignment and often a special job title. Executive chefs coordinate the work of the kitchen staff and often direct the preparation of certain foods. They decide the size of servings, plan menus, and buy food supplies. Kitchen workers weigh and measure ingredients, go after pots and pans, and stir and strain soups and sauces. They also clean, peel, and slice vegetables and fruits and make salads. They may cut and grind meats, poultry, and seafood in preparation for cooking. Cashier - The Restaurant Cashier is in charge of the register. This would include cash and credit card transactions, tipping out wait staff, and balancing the register at the end of the shift. The cashier may assists the Wait Staff with various tasks. Must be competent with computerized register system and have good cash handling skills. Must have experience in retail sales, and be professional, polite, and reliable Waiter/waitress - Take customer's orders, serve food and beverages, prepare itemized checks, and sometimes accept payments. Waiters and waitresses may perform additional duties, which may include escorting guests to tables, serving customers seated at counters, setting up and clearing tables, or operating a cash register. They also check the identification of patrons to ensure they meet the minimum age requirement for the purchase of alcohol and tobacco products. Must be professional, polite, and reliable. Must be able to learn and describe food proficiently. Wait Staff need to be familiar with the menu, how things are prepared, what they taste like, and if special requests are allowed. They need to be informed about specials and special events. Bus Person - The Bus persons assist the Waiters by monitoring and cleaning tables throughout service. Generally their duties include setting and clearing the table of dishes

during the meal. They are often responsible for bringing bread and butter, etc. to the table before the ordered dish arrives. They may also help bring food from the kitchen and serve.

Dishwasher - Keeps the kitchen staff supplied with clean dishes, pots, pans and utensils. The may also have the job of keeping the kitchen clean during a shift, takes out trash, cleans floors, etc. Bartenders - fill drink orders that waiters and waitresses take from customers. They prepare standard mixed drinks and, occasionally, are asked to mix drinks to suit a customer's taste. Bartenders collect payment, operate the cash register, clean up after customers leave, and often serve food to customers seated at the bar. Bartenders also check identification of customers seated at the bar, to ensure they meet the minimum age requirement for the purchase of alcohol and tobacco products. Bartenders usually are responsible for ordering and maintaining an inventory of liquor, mixes, and other bar supplies. Fast Food Workers - take orders from customers at counters or drive-through windows at fast-food restaurants. They pick up the ordered beverage and food items, serve them to a customer, and accept payment. Many fast-food workers also cook and package food, make coffee, and fill beverage cups using drink-dispensing machines. Counter attendants - take orders and serve food at counters. In cafeterias, they serve food displayed on counters and steam tables, carve meat, dish out vegetables, ladle sauces and soups, and fill beverage glasses. In lunchrooms and coffee shops, counter attendants take orders from customers seated at the counter, transmit orders to the kitchen, and pick up and serve food. They also fill cups with coffee, soda, and other beverages and prepare fountain specialties, such as milkshakes and ice cream sundaes. Counter attendants prepare some short-order items, such as sandwiches and salads, and wrap or place orders in containers for carry out. They also clean counters, write itemized checks, and sometimes accept payment. Travel Agents assist travelers by sorting through vast amounts of information to help their
clients make the best possible travel arrangements. Travel agents offer advice on destinations and make arrangements for transportation, hotel accommodations, car rentals, and tours for their clients. In addition, resorts and specialty travel groups use travel agents to promote travel packages to their clients.

Travel agents are expected to be able to advise travelers about their destinations, such as the weather conditions, local ordinances and customs, attractions, and exhibitions. For those traveling internationally, agents also provide information on customs regulations, required documents (passports, visas, and certificates of vaccination), travel advisories,

and currency exchange rates. In the event of changes in itinerary in the middle of a trip, travel agents intercede on the traveler's behalf to make alternate booking arrangements. Travel agents use a variety of published and computer-based sources for information on departure and arrival times, fares, quality of hotel accommodations, and group discounts. They may also visit hotels, resorts, and restaurants themselves to evaluate the comfort, cleanliness, and the quality of specific hotels and restaurants so that they can base recommendations on their own experiences or those of colleagues or clients. Many travel agents specialize in specific destinations or regions; others specialize in travel targeted to particular demographic groups, such as senior citizens. Travel agents who primarily work for tour operators and other travel arrangers may help develop, arrange, and sell the company's own package tours and travel services. They may promote these services, using telemarketing, direct mail, and the Internet. They make presentations to social and special-interest groups, arrange advertising displays, and suggest company-sponsored trips to business managers

Bartending Bartenders prepare standard mixed drinks and pour wine and beer. They also prepare mixed drinks to match customers? specific orders. Most bartenders know dozens of drink recipes. They must be able to prepare drinks quickly, accurately, and without waste. Some large restaurants use machines that create drinks. Bartenders that use these machines just push a button. However, they must know how to prepare drinks in case the machine breaks. In most bars and many restaurants, bartenders take orders directly from customers. However, in some places they receive drink orders from waiters and waitresses. In addition to serving drinks, bartenders collect payment and operate the cash register. They also clean up after customers and clean their work area. They often serve food to customers seated at the bar. Bartenders check identification of customers. Bartenders must be sure customers meet age requirements for the purchase of alcohol and tobacco products. An additional responsibility is to make sure customers do not drink too much alcohol. Bartenders are responsible for ordering and maintaining liquor and bar supplies. They often form attractive displays out of bottles and glassware. Bartenders wash the glassware and utensils after each use.

HOTEL JOB DESCRIPTIONS ROOMS BELL/DOOR Bell Captain Bell Person Door Person Driver Guest Service Agent BUTLER Supervisor Butler CONCIERGE Concierge FRONT DESK Supervisor Agent HOUSEKEEPING Assistant Manager Floor Supervisor Rooms Control Floor Attendant Room Attendant Turndown Attendant Uniform Supervisor Uniform Attendant Seamstress Linen Room Attendant Public Space Supervisor Public Space Cleaner Office Supervisor Scheduling Supervisor Restroom Attendant Window Washer Material Control LAUNDRY/DRY CLEANING Supervisor Laundry Attendant Valet Attendant Laundry Driver

NIGHT AUDIT Night Auditor PBX Supervisor Operator RESERVATIONS Supervisor Agent TRANSPORTATION Supervisor Valet Cashier Valet Parking Attendant Driver FOOD & BEVERAGE BANQUET Manager Supervisor Server Bartender BAR Manager Supervisor Bartender Beverage Server Barback BUFFET RESTAURANT Manager Server Busperson Host Person CATERING Director Secretary CONFERENCE SERVICES Manager/Assistant Supervisor Houseman CULINARY

Executive/Sous Chef Butcher Cook Buffet Attendant Baker Pastry Cook Pantry Person Saucier Head Cook Garde Manager EMPLOYEE CAFETERIA Line Server Cook Warewasher F&B CASHIER Cashier MINI BAR Attendant ROOM SERVICE Manager Supervisor Order Taker/Cashier Server Busperson SNACK BAR Attendant Cook SPECIALTY RESTAURANT Manager/Maitre d Host Person Captain Busperson Server STEWARDING Executive Steward Shift Supervisor Night Cleaner Dishwasher Banquet Steward

Potwasher Silver Steward Utility Steward Steward THREE MEAL RESTAURANT Manager Host Person Server Busperson

OTHER ACCOUNTING General Cashier Income Auditor Accounts Payable Clerk Payroll Clerk Accounts Receivable Clerk ACTIVITIES Attendant ADMINISTRATION Secretary BUSINESS CENTER Supervisor Attendant ENGINEERING Chief Engineer Supervisor Secretary/Dispatcher Electrician General Maintenance Laundry/Kitchen Mechanic ENGINEERING (contd) Storeroom Clerk HVAC Mechanic Painter Plant Operator Plumber Carpenter

FITNESS CENTER Supervisor Attendant Personal Trainer/Instructor GOLF OPERATIONS Marshall/Starter Golf Attendant Captain Golf Attendant Pro Shop Attendant GROUNDS Grounds Person HUMAN RESOURCES Director Clerk KIDS CLUB Attendant POOL/BEACH Supervisor Attendant PURCHASING/RECEIVING Purchasing Agent F&B Cost Controller Storeroom Supervisor Storeroom Clerk Receiving Clerk

RETAIL Store Manager Sales/Cashier Inventory Control Manager Inventory Control Clerk Product Manager Merchandising Manager Merchandising Clerk SALES & MARKETING Director of Sales Sales Manager Sales Assistant SECURITY Supervisor Officer Dispatcher SPA Supervisor Attendant Receptionist Reservations Agent Retail Sales Clerk Hair Technician Massage Therapist Nail Technician Skin Care Esthetician TENNIS SHOP Pro Shop Attendant

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